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Caravaggio was born in Milan 1571. He was quite well-off, and be considered middle class; his father was the architect for one of the most powerful families in Milan. In his early life, however, he lost most of his family to plague or famine, and he was orphaned at age 11.

He then apprenticed with a painter for 4 years until he moved to Rome in 1588. Caravaggio worked as a workshop assistant in Rome until 1595, when he started producing and selling his own works. As Caravaggio earned more public commissions, his work became more controversial, further fueling his success.

Caravaggio was notorious for his mood swings, and was a well-known drinker and gambler. He served jail time due to a multitude of smaller crimes, and eventually was forced to flee Rome after murdering a pimp.

After again being arrested in Malta, Caravaggio continued his life "on the run", until he decided to travel to Rome in order to receive a pardon from the Pope. Caravaggio died before he got there. After modern analysis of his bones, the cause of death was determined to be lead poisoning.

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Caravaggio produced strictly paintings.  He used exclusively oil paint.  His style was realist, and he used distinctive contrast between dark and light colors.

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Caravaggio's early works focused on religious subjects.  He earned multiple commissions for work in churches throughout his career.  However, as his career progressed, he also created what was considered vulgar art, such as The Death of the Virgin, in which he used the drowned corpse of a prostitute as a model.

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After the death of his parents, Caravaggio was a penniless aspiring artist until Cardinal Francesco del Monte discovered his work in 1595. Monte allowed Caravaggio to live in his house, providing him room, board, and a pension. The Cardinal also used his influence to help Caravaggio secure public commissions. Caravaggio soon received more commissions, and the prices for his work increased. He lived off of these commissions, as well as more commissions in churches, while he was "on the run" for murder.

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Caravaggio was strictly a painter. He focused on his solely on his art, if one does not include his tendency to pick fights in his free time, which cannot be considered a scholarly pursuit. Caravaggio wasn't considered sophisticated for the time period, as lots of his work was highly controversial.

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The Decapitation of Saint John the Baptist, 1607

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The Decapitation of Saint John the Baptist, 1607

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This was one of Caravaggio's largest paintings; the figures painted were almost life-sized. It is also the only painting Caravaggio ever signed- his name is barely visible in the blood flowing onto the pavement.

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This is a stereotypical painting of Caravaggio. Notice the contrast between the dark and light colors.

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This was one particularly famous painting, derived from the Old Testament. In this work, Caravaggio is supporting the Counter-Reformation and denouncing Protestantism.

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This was Caravaggio's first painting with a religious focus. It simply conveys a basic Christian message through appeal to the senses.

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This was one of Caravaggio's more controversial paintings, characteristic of his later career. Even though it stems from biblical inspirations, Caravaggio used the corpse of a drowned prostitute in this painting.

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http://www.caravaggio.org
https://www.biography.com/people/caravaggio-9237777