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Click on the image to make it larger. Read the text and summarize its meaning in your own words. Can you connect his statement to today's world? Finally, share if you agree or disagree with Dr. King's statements on riots. 

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Click on the image to make it larger. Read the text and summarize its meaning in your own words. Can you connect his statement to today's world? Finally, share if you agree or disagree with Dr. King's statements on riots. 

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Read the linked article. Then in your own post, identify why MLK was considered a threat to national security by the FBI and identify one way that they tried to undermine or ruin his reputation.

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Read the linked article. Then in your own post, identify why MLK was considered a threat to national security by the FBI and identify one way that they tried to undermine or ruin his reputation.

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In early 1962, Attorney General Robert Kennedy approved a request from FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover to install wiretaps on the home and office of a New York City-based lawyer named Stanley David Levison. According to FBI informants, Levison had been an influential member of the Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) as late as 1956. They believed he was now wielding influence in a different way-as a top adviser to the nation's most prominent civil rights leader, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

As King's fame and stature grew over the next several years, the FBI intensified its surveillance of him under its domestic counterintelligence program, COINTELPRO, arguing it was a matter of national security. While the bureau's relentless scrutiny of King failed to reveal any communist leanings, it did turn up evidence of King's extramarital affairs. Hoover and his agents then tried to leverage that information not only to discredit and weaken King as a leader of the civil rights movement, but to blackmail him into taking his own life.

Hoover's Campaign Against Communism-and the Civil Rights Movement

Hoover built his nearly five-decade FBI career on fighting the perceived threat of communism. His determined efforts to root out suspected sympathizers during the first Red Scare helped cement his meteoric rise to lead the FBI in 1924, at just 29 years old. With the dawn of the Cold War, he rededicated his efforts to investigate communists and others whom he considered potential enemies of the United States-seeing red in, among other places, Hollywood's labor unions and creative class. By the time of his death in 1972, Hoover had amassed confidential files on an impressive array of public figures, from Charlie Chaplin to Muhammad Ali to Eleanor Roosevelt.

Because the CPUSA had supported greater civil rights for Black Americans as far back as the 1930s, Hoover was not alone in viewing the emerging civil rights movement of the 1950s as susceptible to communist influence. The FBI first took notice of King in 1955, when the young minister played a leading role in the Montgomery bus boycott.

For his part, King preached actively against communism from the early 1950s onward, arguing that it was fundamentally incompatible with Christianity. Despite this, he was forced to defend himself against allegations that he was a communist throughout his career.
READ MORE: The 1969 Raid That Killed Black Panther Leader Fred Hampton
Stanley Levison and the Origins of the FBI's Surveillance of King

King and Levison met in 1956 through Bayard Rustin, another civil rights leader. Levinson ultimately became one of King's closest advisers, helping the movement with fundraising, ghostwriting speeches and more, including editing and securing a publishing deal for King's first book, Stride Toward Freedom.

As King biographer David Garrow wrote in his 1981 book, The FBI and Martin Luther King Jr., valued informants provided the FBI with credible reports about Levison's role as a top CPUSA financier from the mid-1940s to 1956. Though Levison reportedly disappeared from party affairs around the time he met King, Hoover remained convinced he was still involved. His arguments were enough to convince Robert Kennedy to authorize wiretapping Levison's home and office within weeks of learning of his connection with King.

Members of the Kennedy administration-including President John F. Kennedy -later warned King personally to distance himself from Levison and another suspected Communist, Jack O'Dell, who worked for King's Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). After King fired O'Dell in 1963 but continued to work with Levison through an intermediary, Clarence Jones, Robert Kennedy authorized the wiretapping of Jones's home and offices as well.
READ MORE: Why the Communist Party Defended the Scottsboro Boys
King's Rise to Greater Fame-and Greater Scrutiny-in 1963

In August 1963, King delivered his now-iconic "I Have a Dream'' speech from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial during the March on Washington. His growing prominence brought increasing scrutiny from the FBI. "We must mark [King] now...as the most dangerous Negro of the future of this Nation from the standpoint of communism, the Negro and National security," wrote William Sullivan, head of the bureau's domestic intelligence division, on August 30.

In October 1963, Robert Kennedy authorized the installation of wiretaps in King's Atlanta home and the SCLC offices, with the understanding that the FBI was continuing to investigate his suspected communist ties. Within months, however, the bureau expanded its surveillance of King, placing bugs and wiretaps in the hotel rooms he visited. The expansion reflected the FBI's new objective: collecting evidence of King's extramarital activities in order to sully his reputation and weaken him as leader of the civil rights movement.
READ MORE: 7 Things You May Not Know About MLK's 'I Have a Dream' Speech
Tensions Between Hoover and King, and the 'Suicide Letter'

Even as King was scoring historic victories in 1964-including passage of the Civil Rights Act and the Nobel Peace Prize-his public criticism of the FBI and its failure to act on civil rights violations in the South brought him into direct public conflict with Hoover.

At a press conference in November 1964, Hoover called King the "most notorious liar in the country," prompting King to defend himself in the press and seek a meeting at the director's office to defuse tensions. After the two men met for more than an hour in Hoover's office in early December, King told reporters he and Hoover had enjoyed a "quite amicable discussion." His aide Andrew Young, who was present at the meeting, later recalled that there was "not even an attitude of hostility."

Meanwhile, Hoover's FBI took one of its most shocking actions toward King. A few days after Hoover's press conference, Sullivan drafted an anonymous letter to the civil rights leader, suggesting intimate knowledge of his alleged sexual activities. Through agents, he sent the letter to King in Atlanta, along with a tape recording supposedly documenting some of those extramarital encounters.

As historian Beverly Gage has written, King and his close associates believed the letter was suggesting he should kill himself. It set a deadline of 34 days "before your filthy, abnormal fraudulent self is bared to the nation" and concluded by saying "There is only one thing left for you to do." They also (correctly) assumed that the source of the letter, and the tape, was the FBI. Senate investigators revealed in 1975 that a draft of the letter was found in Sullivan's files, though he denied any knowledge of it and suggested it had been Hoover's work.
WATCH: Rise Up: The Movement That Changed America on HISTORY Vault
Revelations of the Campaign Against King

Though the FBI stopped wiretapping King's home in April 1965 and his office the following year-it continued investigating him all the way up until his assassination in Memphis on April 4, 1968. The extent of the FBI's campaign attempt to use King's personal life against him, including the infamous "suicide letter," as it became known, first came to light in 1976, four years after Hoover's death, with the damning report of the Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations With Respect to Intelligence Activities, popularly known as the Church Committee.

"The FBI has stated that at no time did it have any evidence that Dr. King himself was a communist or connected with the Communist Party," the Church Committee reported in a section dedicated to the King investigation. "Rather than trying to discredit the alleged communists it believed were attempting to influence Dr. King, the Bureau adopted the curious tactic of trying to discredit the supposed target of Communist Party interest-Dr. King himself."

In 1977, King's former assistant Bernard Lee sued the FBI for damages relating to the bureau's surveillance of King. A federal judge in the case denied Lee's request that surveillance tapes and transcripts be destroyed, instead ordering the FBI to turn them over to the National Archives, where they remain sealed until 2027.

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Why the FBI Saw Martin Luther King Jr. as a Communist Threat

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In early 1962, Attorney General Robert Kennedy approved a request from FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover to install wiretaps on the home and office of a New York City-based lawyer named Stanley David Levison. According to FBI informants, Levison had been an influential member of the Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) as late as 1956.

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Click on the image below to make it larger. Read the text excerpt from the speech and summarize its meaning in your own words. Then answer the following: How might MLK's shift from focusing solely on race issues, to focusing on race AND income issues(aka: how much money people make) could be considered radical and dangerous at this time.

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Click on the image below to make it larger. Read the text excerpt from the speech and summarize its meaning in your own words. Then answer the following: How might MLK's shift from focusing solely on race issues, to focusing on race AND income issues(aka: how much money people make) could be considered radical and dangerous at this time.

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Now that you have read and learned many new things about Martin Luther King Jr, reflect back on one thing that surprised you or that you didn't know about Dr. King before or a topic that you may want to learn more about. 

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Now that you have read and learned many new things about Martin Luther King Jr, reflect back on one thing that surprised you or that you didn't know about Dr. King before or a topic that you may want to learn more about. 

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Read the linked article and identify one way the author explains how King's message to the world was considered radical.

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Read the linked article and identify one way the author explains how King's message to the world was considered radical.

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Martin Luther King Jr. has come to be revered as a hero who led a nonviolent struggle to reform and redeem the United States. His birthday is celebrated as a national holiday. Tributes are paid to him on his death anniversary each April, and his legacy is honored in multiple ways.

But from my perspective as a historian of religion and civil rights, the true radicalism of his thought remains underappreciated. The "civil saint" portrayed nowadays was, by the end of his life, a social and economic radical, who argued forcefully for the necessity of economic justice in the pursuit of racial equality.

Three particular works from 1957 to 1967 illustrate how King's political thought evolved from a hopeful reformer to a radical critic.

King's support for white moderates

For much of the 1950s, King believed that white southern ministers could provide moral leadership. He thought the white racists of the South could be countered by the ministers who took a stand for equality. At the time, his concern with economic justice was a secondary theme in his addresses and political advocacy.

Speaking at Vanderbilt University in 1957, he professed his belief that "there is in the white South more open-minded moderates than appears on the surface." He urged them to lead the region through its necessary transition to equal treatment for black citizens. He reassured all that the aim of the movement was not to "defeat or humiliate the white man, but to win his friendship and understanding."

King had hope for this vision. He had worked with white liberals such as Myles Horton, the leader of a center in Tennessee for training labor and civil rights organizers. King had developed friendships and crucial alliances with white supporters in other parts of the country as well. His vision was for the fulfillment of basic American ideals of liberty and equality.

Letter from Birmingham Jail

By the early 1960s, at the peak of the civil rights movement, King's views had evolved significantly. In early 1963, King came to Birmingham to lead a campaign for civil rights in a city known for its history of racial violence.

During the Birmingham campaign, in April 1963, he issued a masterful public letter explaining the motivations behind his crusade. It stands in striking contrast with his hopeful 1957 sermon.

His " Letter From a Birmingham Jail " responded to a newspaper advertisement from eight local clergymen urging King to allow the city government to enact gradual changes.

In a stark change from his earlier views, King devastatingly targeted white moderates willing to settle for "order" over justice. In an oppressive environment, the avoidance of conflict might appear to be "order," but in fact supported the denial of basic citizenship rights, he noted.

"We merely bring to the surface the hidden tension that is already alive," King wrote. He argued how oppressors never voluntarily gave up freedom to the oppressed - it always had to be demanded by "extremists for justice."

He wrote how he was "gravely disappointed with the white moderate ... who paternalistically believes he can set the timetable for another man's freedom." They were, he said, a greater enemy to racial justice than were members of the white supremacist groups such as the Ku Klux Klan and other white racist radicals.

Call for economic justice

By 1967, King's philosophy emphasized economic justice as essential to equality. And he made clear connections between American violence abroad in Vietnam and American social inequality at home.

Exactly one year before his assassination in Memphis, King stood at one of the best-known pulpits in the nation, at Riverside Church in New York. There, he explained how he had come to connect the struggle for civil rights with the fight for economic justice and the early protests against the Vietnam War.
He proclaimed:

"Now it should be incandescently clear that no one who has any concern for the integrity and life of America today can ignore the present war. If America's soul becomes totally poisoned, part of the autopsy must read 'Vietnam.' It can never be saved so long as it destroys the hopes of men the world over."

He angered crucial allies. King and President Lyndon Johnson, for example, had been allies in achieving significant legislative victories in 1964 and 1965. Johnson's "Great Society" launched a series of initiatives to address issues of poverty at home. But beginning in 1965, after the Johnson administration increased the number of U.S. troops deployed in Vietnam, King's vision grew radical.

King continued with a searching analysis of what linked poverty and violence both at home and abroad. While he had spoken out before about the effects of colonialism, he now made the connection unmistakably clear. He said:

"I speak for those whose land is being laid waste, whose homes are being destroyed, whose culture is being subverted. I speak for the poor in America who are paying the double price of smashed hopes at home, and death and corruption in Vietnam."

King concluded with the famous words on "the fierce urgency of now," by which he emphasized the immediacy of the connection between economic injustice and racial inequality.

The radical King

King's "I Have a Dream," speech at the March on Washington in August 1963 serves as the touchstone for the annual King holiday. But King's dream ultimately evolved into a call for a fundamental redistribution of economic power and resources. It's why he was in Memphis, supporting a strike by garbage workers, when he was assassinated in April 1968.

He remained, to the end, the prophet of nonviolent resistance. But these three key moments in King's life show his evolution over a decade.

This remembering matters more than ever today. Many states are either passing or considering measures that would make it harder for many Americans to exercise their fundamental right to vote. It would roll back the huge gains in rates of political participation by racial minorities made possible by the Voting Rights Act of 1965. At the same time, there is a persistent wealth gap between blacks and whites.

Only sustained government attention can address these issues - the point King was stressing later in his life.

King's philosophy stood not just for "opportunity," but for positive measures toward economic equality and political power. Ignoring this understanding betrays the "dream" that is ritually invoked each year.
Paul Harvey, Professor of American History, University of Colorado Colorado Springs This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Martin Luther King Jr. had a much more radical message than a dream of racial brotherhood - Ohio Capital Journal

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The "civil saint" that Martin Luther King, Jr. is portrayed as nowadays was, by the end of his life, a social and economic radical, who argued forcefully for the necessity of economic justice in the pursuit of racial equality.

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Dr.king was a threat because the white people didnt want black people to have no rights to do nothing

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the white people was scared that he was gonna win the blacks rights an dstop segragation

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King was viewed as a threat by the FBI because he was such a popular leader they thought he was a secret commie which led to them trying to use his affair against him

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white people mainly the government were scared the he was going to win black rights and segrrgantion so they did everything in there power to try to stop him

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MLK's views about being together as equal was taken in a sort of communism like way which led the FBI to take MLK as a threat to security.

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those with jobs on the lower end of things should be just as respected as any other job, because all jobs have a significance and importance in which benefits life and society.

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The meaning in my words is, people who are belittled, ignored, or pushed away, are not given the chance to speak out and feel forced to do violent acts or riots to gain attention.

I agree with him on his views on riots, a lot of times groups or certain individuals are ignored or even put down from the spotlight and are not given a chance to speak the truth and things.

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One thing that surprised me is what MLK said about riots and his quote "riots are the language of the unheard". It clicked in my head and opened my tunnel view on riots and how protesting and violent protests took place then and how this has changed over time.

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people should be treated the same no matter what job they might have all jobs you make money in so poeple should not be treated diffecnt

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king was viewed as an threat by the fbi beacause he was a such popular leader they thought he was on to something

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MLK said about riots and his quote "riots are the language of the unheard". witch made me think to myself he really is not going to stop until he gets what he wants

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i agree with mlk beacese i agree everyone should be treated the same no matter what or who they are

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the white people didnt want him to win for what he was doing and make sure that they have rights to do anything a life

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the way these people treated him and dont like blacks at all

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the people imcomes was having issue on how much they make

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they way he and other people were treated during this time. but trows the end of this time more and more people including whites were starting to join with king

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the people imcomes was having trouble on how much they make

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yes because this world is still the same with some people who like people and they way some of us get treated

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MLK has something to proven before all of this happen and did not get to do that all of because of his color

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They used the program, COINTELPRO, to argue kings fam was a matter of national security

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He was seen as radical because his letter noted that he would negotiate with the white man through denial of basic citizenship which can be taken as radical since citizens follow citizenship and rules.

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The FBI thought Martin Luther King would be able to unify black nationalists. Obviously being opposed to that, they tried to expose him for his extramarital affairs and eventually coaxing him to take his own life.

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Uniqua Hyde                                            Martin luther king was a threat because they he has been influenced by Communist advisers one way the tried reputations was recording him in his hotel rooms 

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Uniqua Hyde                                            Martin luther king was a threat because they he has been influenced by Communist advisers one way the tried reputations was recording him in his hotel rooms 

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He was considered radical for the way he viewed and tried to accomplish revolutionary change. He was very adamant about his cause and would not dismiss the pursuit for freedom.

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MLK was considered a threat to national security by the FBI since they believed he was a communist. One way they tried to ruin his reputation was by getting evidence that MLK was cheating on his through spying on MLK and sending a lettering threating him with it and by making press meetings pressuring and undermining him.

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His message was considered radical because he wanted the black African American to be treated equally and that the discrimination of them would stop

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Basic summary would be him stating that the gesture and exploitation of labor is too exacting to be disregarded. This shift was a natural occurrence, as black citizens were (and still are) heavily discriminated against in workplaces, it would be impossible to ignore it.

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One way the author explains how King's message was considered radical was by saying his views on trying to get rights for black people were extreme even targeting white people for not helping out more.

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Black African Americans are working full-time and not being payed very well for the time they work each day and are being payed very lowly even if they work very hard

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MLK shift from focusing on race issue to focusing on race and income issues was dangerous because the want for everyone to make livable wages could be seen as a communist's view which people hated at the time while also mixing in race issues which was another thing people looked down on.

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Another basic summary would be him providing, not a justification, but an understanding of riots that have been occurring in regards to civil rights, stating that; people who are ignored tend to react in "extreme" or shocking ways as they believe it is the only way they can grab the attention the need to enact change, it's a demonstration of their anger. This statement still reigns true today, as people are still tormented by prejudice and feel that the only choice left is to proceed with aggression or violence. I agree with this sentiment, as of course I believe no innocent individual should be hurt, but I can acknowledge that some may feel that it's the only way.

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MARTIN LUTHER KING WAS KILLED BY THE FBI

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I agree with MLK since riots are what make people listen to a group of people and it lets people get there opinions out.

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I agree with martin luther king because condemning riots will only lead to harmful actions and that would lead to people to even being killed

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I was surprise to found out that the FBI was spying/stalking MLK and that MLK was cheating on his wife. I also learned that MLK was also focusing on getting people better work pay.

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I was surprised because he fought to the very end for his people even if it means him being beaten or getting killed

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The way people we treated martin and that they hated the blacks

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The whites where scared that the blacks would basically take over and gain rights.

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The whites where scared that the blacks would basically take over and gain rights.

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The white people was scared that he gonna win blacks rights .

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he was considered threat because he did riots

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i think that they tried shuting down mlk because they didnt want the laws to change and wanted to keep everything how they where while he wanted to change the rules.

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one way that they tried to undermine or ruin his reputation is sullivan drafted an anymous to the cilver leders

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dr king was threating by th white people because the whites didnt want the blacks to have rights

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The white people were afraid that martin was going to have some rights for the blacks

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white people were threatened by him because he was a smart leader. they tried to ruin his reputation.

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People could efforted or make as much as other people could make (AKA) white people, black people couldn't make as much as white people.

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one way the the author explains how kings message to the world was considered radical, was when he was talking about martin not stopping when the police where trying to shut him down and he kept going not scared of what could happen.

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the way people treated martin and hated blacks and martin spoke the truth

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it was considered radical because he frequently spoke out against capitalism and racism .

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back in the day others got paid so little, this could be dangerous because some people couldn't afford to live and take care of them selves much less take care of a whole family.

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by calling his home  and threatening him

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by calling his home  and threatening him

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Martin explains how his story is radical when he tells us about violence.

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Martin explains how his story is radical when he tells us about violence.

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I agree with MLK I feel like everyone should get treated equally because everyone egualens as everyone else it shouldn't be unfair

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that some people cant offerd some things and they try what they can to acoplish some things in life and it sometimes dont matter how hard u work u can still get a low chance of doing what u want

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I didn't know MLK was killed by the FBI

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back in the day they got paid lil amount because of the income now we get paid 16 hrs a day

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minor spelling mistake

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2 SPELLING MISTAKES pklease dont lock me in a cellar ms calkins

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I think in the picture that it is trying to say, that they don't need to solve the problem with violence and that they should be calm and cedrous for what they want to get it easier.

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I think he was considered a threat because he was changing and creating new laws for black people.

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I did not know that king had cheated on his wife while he was on the road, I thought that all martin was doing all good so it was a shock to me.

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i agree with martin luther king jr. because people need to be treated the same

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sometimes people cant stand by some people and some people go there own ways for the best but there are some that will stay with u thorgh it all

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i did not know he got shot by the FBI

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they demanding that the city will respect the dignity of labor.

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the world considered kings message as radical because king portrayed black people as equals and the white people didn't agree to what his message portrayed.

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I think it means he didn't want anything to get out of hand because of how people felt about not being heard. I agree with him not allowing riots because of how they were already getting treated.

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kings world was conssider a radical bc he thoght the whit race could perfide mor leader ship

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King thoght the whit race could do better at a leader ship and the fbi undermine kings and ruin his reputation

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they bugged and wiretapped his hotel rooms !!

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the people's jobs where a big income on how much they make and there economy.

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One example the author uses for kings message being radical is him getting everyone together no matter what the government says

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In summary this speech is about respecting the laborers and giving them their equal pay that they are deserving of this could be considered very radical of him because he's bringing up a major issue for everyone which is him making everyone equal and together.

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minor spelling mistake on mmy spelling mistake apology

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I see this quote as meaning although he disagrees with violent riots he feels it is the only way people think to express themselves because like he said riots are for those who feel unheard and this directly connects with the modern world with the recent protests because if you don't think peace is being listened to then youll start speaking the language of the people that arent going to listen to a peaceful protest

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In this whole lesson i had learned how truly controversial and "radical" MLK was viewed to the point where even the FBI decided he was a threat to national security and investigated his entire life and close friends and it is somewhat shocking that something so simple and small had been viewed as the single worst thing that could happen

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Martin was considered a threat because he was trying to fight for black movements and their rights and that's something the whites didn't want. The FBI got info on Martin and they were using that as a threat towards him and used that to " weaken" him.

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dr.king was a threat because the white people didnt want black people to have rights like them

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one example the author uses for kings message being radical is him getting everyone together no matter what happened and the government says

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all people should be treated the same no matter what jobs they have

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i agree with dr.king because people should get treated the same no matter they skin color

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MLK was viewed as threat to national security by the FBI because he was so powerful and wanted to win rights for the black folks and I think they didn't want blacks to have rights so they used to affairs against him to try and make him stop.

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A way the author explains how MLK message to the world was radical was when he was talking about MLK and how the government/policemen tried stopping him but he wouldn't stop and didn't care for what could happen next and got everyone together no matter what they say. All he wants was for everyone to be equal and black people gets rights.

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Long story short this speech is about giving everyone respect no matter what their jobs are also fair pay to everyone.

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The quote is trying to explain that even though MLK disliked violence he feel like that only way for the government to get their attention is by riots, protests, marches, etc. The quote also said "And I must say tonight that a riot is the language of the unheard." Basically explaining why they riot.

I personally agree because riots got the message out and helped speak louder than ever.

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One things I learned was that MLK was viewed as a threat and they started threatening him to stop doing he was doing when he was doing right. I would to learn more about that because I did not know he was ever viewed as a threat.

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My post is right unders Aniyah's

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government thought he would win black rights

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the way he argued forcefully for the necessity of economic justice in the pursuit of racial equality.

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we are all human no matter our job so people should be compensated the right way for their labor

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I agree with mlk because people can only put up with so much until they fell like they aren't even being seen n then cause public attention is the only resort.

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i learned mlk was being stalked by the fbi

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he goverment wanted whites only to have rights martin luther king jr fought for black rights which made him a threat

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his message was radical because he wanted equality for blacks