# data[].attributes.body
Indications

Subacute or chronic inflammatory conditions

Subacute or chronic pain

Decreased range of motion

Facilitated healing

Muscle guarding

Muscle spasm

Myofascial trigger points

Subacute muscle strain or sprain

Precautions

Pregnancy

Cardiac insufficiency

Impaired circulation

Poor thermal regulation

Edema

Metal in the area

Demyelinated curve

Over areas where topical counterirritants have been applied

Contraindications

Acute musculoskeletal conditions

Recent or potential hemorrhage

Thrombosis

Impaired sensation or mentation

Malignancy

Infrared irradiation of the eyes

Over an open wound

# data[].attributes.body
Indications

Acute or chronic pain

Acute swelling or contusion

Myofascial trigger points

Muscle guarding

Muscle spasm

Acute muscle or ligament strain

Bursitis

Tenosynovitis

Tendinitis

Delayed onset muscle soreness

Reducing temperature

Precautions

Over an open wound or superficial nerve

If there is impaired sensation or mentation

Very young age or very old age

Hypertension

Contraindications

Raynaud's disease

Areas of circulatory compromise

Hypersensitivity to cold

Cold intolerance

Cryoglobulinemia

Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria

Peripheral vascular disease

Over a regenerating peripheral nerve

# data[].attributes.body
Indications

Acute and post-acute conditions - specifically for non-thermal ultrasound

Soft tissue healing and repair

Scar tissue

Joint contracture

Chronic inflammation

Increase the extensibility of collagen

Reduction of muscle spasm

Pain modulation

Increase blood flow

Soft tissue repair

Increased protein synthesis

Tissue regeneration

Bone healing

Inflammation associated with myositis ossificans

Plantar warts

Myofascial trigger points

Precautions

Fractures

High-intensity ultrasound may cause pain and impair healing

Contraindications

Thermal ultrasound for acute and post-acute conditions

Thrombophlebitis

Eyes

Reproductive organs

Pregnancy

Any implanted cardiac rhythm device including pacemakers

Malignancy

Epiphyseal areas in young children

Total joint replacements

Central nervous system tissue

# data[].attributes.body
Indications

Lymphedema

Traumatic or chronic edema

Venous stasis ulcers

Wound healing following surgery

Prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Precautions

Impaired sensation or mentation

Uncontrolled hypertension

Malignancy

Superficial peripheral nerves

Contraindications

Compartment syndromes

Peripheral vascular disease

Presence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Local superficial infection

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

Acute Pulmonary Edema

Displaced fractures

# data[].attributes.body
Indications

Post-acute musculoskeletal injury

Muscle guarding

Joint contracture

Myofascial trigger points

Pain management

Soft tissue healing

Nerve healing

Bone healing

Precautions

Impaired circulation

Poor thermal regulation

Pelvic area during menstruation

Obesity

Contraindications

Acute injury of inflammation

Areas with ischemia

Impaired sensation or impaired mentation

Thrombosis

Fluid-filled organs or areas of the body

Joint effusion

Over the eyes

The head if wearing contact lenses

Over moist clothing and moist wound dressings

Malignancy

Testes

Pregnancy

Epiphyseal growth plates in children

Cardiac pacemaker and other implanted medical devices

Intrauterine devices

Watches or jewelry

# data[].attributes.headline
Low Level Laser Therapy (Photobiomodulation)

# data[].attributes.subject
Low Level Laser Therapy (Photobiomodulation)

# data[].attributes.body
Indications

Facilitation of wound healing

Pain reduction

Increasing the tensile strength of a scar

Decreasing scar tissue

Decreasing inflammation

Bone healing and fracture consolidation

Precautions

Impaired sensation or mentation

Light sensitivity

Tattoos

Contraindications

Directly over the eyes

Malignancy

Low back or abdomen during pregnancy

Within 4-6 months of radiation therapy

Over hemorrhaging areas

Over thyroid glands

Epiphyseal plates in children

# data[].attributes.body
Indications

Acute, post-acute, chronic pain

Stimulation of denervated muscle

Retarding muscle atrophy

Muscle strengthening

Muscle reeducation

Stimulation of venous and lymphatic circulation

Management of edema

Muscle spasms

Muscle guarding

Wound, fracture, tendon, ligament healing

Precautions

Impaired sensation

Impaired mentation

Cardiac disease

Areas of skin irritation or open wounds

Contraindications

Pacemaker or implanted cardiac defibrillator

Malignancy

Pregnancy

Placement of electrodes of the carotid sinus

Areas where venous or arterial thrombosis or thrombophlebitis is present

# data[].attributes.body
Indications

Spinal disc bulge or herniation

Spinal nerve root impingement

Joint hypomobility

Subacute joint inflammation

Muscle spasm

Precautions

Structural diseases or conditions that affect the spine such as: tumor, infection, rheumatoid arthritis, or prolonged systemic steroid use

Pressure of traction harness may be hazardous with hiatal hernia or with vascular compromise

Displaced annular fragment

Contraindications

Osteoporosis

Fractures

Where motion is contraindicated

Acute injury or inflammation

Joint hypermobility or instability

Peripheralization of symptoms with traction

Uncontrolled hypertension

Pregnancy

Positive vertebral artery test (for cervical traction)

# data[].attributes.body
Indications

Decrease pain

Decrease neuromuscular excitability

Stimulation circulation

Facilitate healing

Restore joint mobility

Remove lactic acid

Alleviate muscle cramps

Increase blood flow

Increase venous return

Retard muscle atrophy

Increase ROM

Edema

Stretching scar tissue

Adhesions

Muscle spasm

Myositis

Bursitis

Fibrositis

Tendinitis

Re-vascularization

Raynaud’s disease

Intermittent claudication

Dysmenorrhea

Headaches

Migraines

Contraindications

Arteriosclerosis

Thrombosis

Embolism

Severe varicose veins

Acute phlebitis

Cellulitis

Synovitis

Abscesses

Skin infections

Cancers

Acute inflammatory conditions

# data[].attributes.body
Indications

Muscle re-education

Regaining neuromuscular control

Increasing isometric and isotonic strength of a muscle

Relaxation of a muscle spasm

Decreasing muscle guarding

Pain reduction

Psychological relaxation

Contraindications

Any musculoskeletal condition that a muscular contraction might exacerbate

# data[].attributes.body
In acute phases of healing, one should...

P - Protect their injury

E - Elevate the affected area

A - Avoid anti-inflammatories like ice or NSAIDs like ibuprofen

C - Compression on the affected area

E - Educate themselves from a physical therapist or reputable source on their injury and specifically how to care for it

In the subacute and chronic phases of healing, one should...

L - Load their injury: this means to add resistance to their area to prevent loss of muscle ability or prevent further injury later on

O - Optimize thoughts surrounding their injury. Be positive!

V - Vascularize: an important component to wound healing is promoting blood flow to the affected area

E - Exercise to promote function and healing of the injury

# data[].attributes.headline
Resource for the Use of Biophysical Agents

# data[].attributes.subject
Resource for the Use of Biophysical Agents