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Chapter 12 DNA applies to real life in many different ways. DNA is in everyone bodies so it is important to learn about. Griffith, Avery, and Watson And Crick all did experiments to learn more about DNA.

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1. How is DNA like a book? It stores information and can be copied, and can be transferred to offspring.

2. What two things must physically happen to a DNA molecule before the two strands can actually separate? It has to be unwound and the hydrogen bonds between the bases break.

3. Describe Griffith’s experiment? He injected mice with different types of  flu and saw if they died or not

4. Which combination of bacteria killed the mice in Griffith’s experiment?heat-killed S strain mixed with live, harmless R strain bacteria

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-nucleotide is itself made up of three primary components: a nitrogen-containing region known as a nitrogenous base, a carbon-based sugar molecule called deoxyribose, and a phosphorus-containing region known as a phosphate group attached to the sugar molecule.
-Antiparallel-parallel but moving or oriented in opposite directions.
-Differences between DNA and RNA

DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains the sugar ribose.

DNA is a double-stranded molecule, while RNA is a single-stranded molecule.

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1. Transformation- one type of bacteria is permanently changed into another

2. Griffith- experimented on mice to conclude that genes are the transforming factors.

3. Gene- is a transforming factor =that passes DNA down to offspring

4. Avery-used bacteria, mice, and enzymes to determine that DNA is a transformation factor.

5. Hershey and Chase- used bacteriophages, radioactive phosphorus, and sulfur to determine that genetic material is DNA not a protein.

6. Nucleotide- Monomer of nucleic acids

7. Deoxyribose-a sugar derived from ribose by replacing a hydroxyl group with hydrogen.

8. DNA-nucleic acid made of nucleotides joined into long strands by covalent bonds

9. Nucleic acid-long, slightly acidic molecules

10. Chargaff- rule in DNA that there is always equality in quantity between bases A+T and bases G+C

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ruUf7ntRCk8

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DNA vs RNA - 5 Differences Between DNA and RNA