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In 2022, the median annual earnings of full-time male workers in the United States stood at 62,350 U.S. dollars after being adjusted for inflation, which was significantly higher than the median earnings of full-time women at 53,360. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1186135/us-median-annual-worker-earnings-by-gender/

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Median annual earnings of workers in the United States in 2022, by gender

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Median annual earnings of workers in the United States in 2022, by gender

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Compares the ratio of women and mean wages in the two sectors http://econ.core.hu/file/download/HLM2014/211.pdf

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Comparing the ratio of women and mean wages in the two sectors 

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Comparing the ratio of women and mean wages in the two sectors 

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unexplained pay differential between the two sec

tors

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Remote work was scarce prior to the Covid-19 pandemic; as expected, it expanded massively during the pandemic and contracted after, though its presence remains at a level much higher than those seen pre-2020. As noted by the OECD, "the rise was higher for women: 13.6% of male in contrast to 20.2% of female employees worked from home during the first wave of the pandemic (10.9 and 17.7 percentage points increase from January-February 2020, respectively), which is likely to be explained by the fact that mainly mothers took responsibility for childcare during the lockdowns"

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Source: OECD Secretariat calculations based on OECD Family Database, Indicator PF2.1: www.oecd.org/social/family/database.htm.                       https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/4c12f3d7-en/index.html?itemId=/content/component/4c12f3d7-en

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Paid Parental Leave International Comparison

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Paid Parental Leave International Comparison

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The results here suggest that the odds of women are no smaller in the public sector, while in the private sector they have an approximately two-percent disadvantage compared to men with similar characteristics.    http://econ.core.hu/file/download/HLM2014/211.pdf

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women made up a larger share of public sector employees in all are examined countries --> occupational segregation --> https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/7f55c675-en/index.html?itemId=/content/component/7f55c675-en 

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Gender equality in public sector employment and in total employment, 2019

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Gender equality in public sector employment and in total employment, 2019

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In term of gender inequality on of the most important sectors is the occupation percent of parliament seat in each country. Sweden has the most precent of female MPs with 49%. However in the USA and Hungary only 29% and 14% of seats has been occupied respectfully. 

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in term of ownership of firms, in hungry we can see the equality in Hungary with almost 51.9% but in Sweden there is 37.3%.

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in term of wage and salaried workers, we can see in all three countries more then 90% of female labor are being paid.

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Gender pay gap in Hungary from 2019 to 2022

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Gender pay gap in Hungary from 2019 to 2022

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As you can see, the earnings ratio in the United States continues to increase, and currently sits at 84%, so we are seeing positive growth there. https://www.statista.com/statistics/203459/female-to-male-earnings-ratio-of-workers-in-the-us/

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Female to male earnings ratio of workers in the United States from 1990 to 2022

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Female to male earnings ratio of workers in the United States from 1990 to 2022

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The Global Gender Gap Index, is a framework for capturing the magnitude and scope of gender-based disparities and tracking their progress. The Index benchmarks national gender gaps on economic, political, education- and health-based criteria, and is based on a total of 14 indicators from these categories. Sweden scored a 0.81, ranking as one of the highest, while the United States sat towards the middle at 0.74. Hungary leans towards the bottom at 0.68.

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Global gender gap index 2023, specifically comparing United States, Hungary, and Sweden

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Global gender gap index 2023, specifically comparing United States, Hungary, and Sweden

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The global gender gap index benchmarks national gender gaps on economic, political, education, and health-based criteria. In 2023, the country offering most gender equal conditions was Iceland with a score of 0.91. Overall, the Nordic countries make up four of the five most gender equal countries in the world. The Nordic countries are known for their high levels of gender equality, including high female employment rates and and evenly divided parental leave.

Afghanistan is the least gender equal country

Afghanistan is found on the other end of the scale, ranked as the least gender equal country in the world. Conditions for girls and women decreased significantly after the Taliban regained power in the South Asian country in 2021. Since then, the government has restricted access to education for all women above 12 years, and women have been banned to work for international aid organizations in the country, which is struggling with poverty and undernourishment.

The Middle East and North Africa has the largest gender gap

Looking at the different world regions, the Middle East and North Africa has the largest gender gap as of 2023, just ahead of South Asia. Moreover, it is estimated that it will take another 152 years before the gender gap in the Middle East and North Africa is closed. On the other hand, Europe has the lowest gender gap in the world.

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The global gender gap index of 2023 was topped by Iceland. Nordic countries make up four of the five most gender equal countries worldwide.