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"A Harvest of Death" is a photo of the dead men from the Civil War waiting to be buried. It was taken by Timothy H. O'Sullivan but was printed and published by Alexander Gardner.

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This photo was taken by Mathew Brady on February 27, 1860. The Cooper Union portrait is one of the few full-length photographs of Lincoln from before he became president.

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- Born October 17, 1821 in Paisley, United Kingdom

- Died December 10, 1882 in Washington, D.C.

- Lived in Glasgow

- In 1851, Gardner paid a visit to the Great Exhibition in Hyde Park, London, where he saw the photographs of Mathew Brady for the first time. Shortly after, Gardner began reviewing displays of photographs in the Glasgow Sentinel, as well as experimenting with photography on his own.

- In 1856, Gardner immigrated to America, and settled in New York. He soon found employment with Mathew Brady as a photographer

- At first, Gardner specialized in making large photographic prints, called Imperial photographs, but in 1858 he was put in charge of the entire gallery

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- Born in 1823 in Warren County, NY to Irish immigrants

- Died January 15, 1896

- Often referred to as the Father of Photojournalism

- After moving to New York City, Brady began manufacturing cases for the first photography process that was publicly available, jewelry, and painted miniature portraits

- Won the highest award at the American Institute’s annual fair in 1844, 1845, 1846, 1849, and 1857

- Opened a studio in Washington DC

- Organized a group of photographers and staff to follow the troops as the first field-photographers to get documentation of the war

- By the end of the war Brady had serious debt because  he hoped of selling his collection to the New York Historical Society but the deal fell through. Fortunately for the American public Brady sold his collection to the United States government in 1875 for $25,000, just enough to pay off the debt he had owed

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- Was used to promote abolition as propaganda for both the northern and southern causes

- Used as an important tool in the creation of Lincoln's public persona and career

- Used for tactical observation

- The Civil War marks the beginning of photojournalism

- Photographers in the field who worked for name-brand  studios like Mathew B. Brady and Alexander Gardner are the first embedded journalists

- Those who were involved in the photography of the war had great social responsibility

- The Civil War created an incredible demand for photography

- Photography was used by the Union, Confederate armies, and regular Americans who wanted photographs of their family members heading into danger, and of the battle scenes themselves

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1- Evenly coat a clean sheet of glass with collodion

2- In a darkroom, immerse the coated plate in silver nitrate solution to sensitize it to light

3- After it is sensitized, place the wet negative in a light-tight holder and insert it into the camera. The camera should be positioned and focused before this

4- The "dark slide," which protected the negative from light, and the lens cap were removed for several seconds, allowing light to expose the plate

5- Insert the dark slide back into the plate holder, this will be removed from the camera

6- In the darkroom, remove the glass plate negative from the plate holder and develop it, wash it in water, and fix it so the image does not fade. Then wash and dry it again

7- Coat the negative in varnish to protect the surface

8- After development, print the photographs on printed paper and mount them

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The process for photography was a very long and time consuming process. It was a very difficult to master in a studio setting and even more difficult to work outdoors. Photographers transported their supplies in a wagon and learned to use their chemicals in both the heat and the cold.