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BMW

BMW is a multinational company for making cars and motorbikes. BMW has a good reputation because of the high quality of its materials. The headquarters is in Munich, Germany. The recent manager of BMW is Oliver Zipse. BMW has a long history for making progress. First, it was founded in 1916. At the beginning, BMW produced only motorcycles. Next, it could also produce cars in 1928. After that, in 1962 BMW became a leading company in producing sports cars and sports motorcycles. BMW continued its success all over the world. As a result the number of employees was 149,475 in 2021. Although the sales of the company decreased in 2022, BMW came as the first company in producing cars in the world .The main disadvantage of BMW is the high cost of their products. Finally, BMW is one of the most successful companies in producing cars and motorbikes in the world.

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Huawei is a Chinese multinational technology company, and it has a long

history. The main products of Huawei are smart phones, tablets, networking and

semiconductors. The headquarters is in Shenzhen, China. The founder and the

recent manager of Huawei is Ren Zhengfei. In 1987, Huawei was established in

Shenzhen. In 2012, Huawei made a decision to transfer into the wireless business,

so it could be one of the largest smartphone manufacturers all over the world. In

2018, Huawei could get over its competitors Apple and Samsung. In 2020, Huawei

faced some challenges because some countries banned sales made by Huawei .

As a result, it agreed to sell the Honor brands to the Shenzhen government. In

2022,Huawei tried hard to improve its financial crisis and employed new

employees. So, it had 208,000 employees in 2022. To sum up, despite the

challenges which Huawei faces, it is still a leading company in the field of

electronics.

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Huawei is a Chinese multinational technology company. It specializes in electronic devices such as smartphones, computers and tablets. Huawei has branches all over the world and has 208,000 employees.

The company was established in 1987 by Ren Zhhenfei who is the recent manager of Huawei. In 2012, Huawei became the largest manufacturer of smartphones in the world. In 2018, Huawei could overcome its competitors Samsung and Apple.

Huawei faced some challenges. For example, in 2020 Huawei agreed to sell the Honor brand to the government and some countries banned sales made by Huawei.

In conclusion, despite all challenges, Huawei is still a leading company in the field of electronics. So, Huawei is a successful company.

شروق الرشيدي

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شهد عواض الجهني 

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شهد عواض الجهني 

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The History of Twitter

Twitter was founded in 2006 by Jack Dorsey, Biz Stone, Noah Glass, and Evan Williams as a platform for short updates called "tweets," inspired by SMS messages. Tweets were initially limited to 140 characters, making the platform unique for its simple and direct style.

The platform experienced rapid growth with the introduction of key features like hashtags in 2009, which made it easier to organize discussions, and the retweet feature, which enhanced user interaction. During the Arab Spring (2010-2011), Twitter became a crucial tool for activists to organize protests and share news globally.

In 2013, Twitter went public, increasing its market value. However, the platform faced challenges, such as user growth stagnation, combating fake news, and addressing hate speech. In 2017, Twitter raised the tweet character limit to 280, a controversial decision that ultimately succeeded in boosting engagement.

In 2022, Elon Musk acquired Twitter in a $44 billion deal. He introduced significant changes, including the subscription-based service "Twitter Blue" and new features like long-form tweets and multimedia content. Despite these improvements, the platform faced criticism over new management policies.

Since its foundation, Twitter has played a pivotal role in spreading news and driving social and political change. Despite challenges, it remains a leading platform in global digital conversations, with a future full of opportunities and uncertainties.

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ريما الجابري

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ريما الجابري

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The history of Starbucks

Starbucks was founded on March 30, 1971, in Seattle, Washington, by Jerry Baldwin, Gordon Bowker, and Zev Siegl as a small store selling high-quality coffee beans and brewing equipment. In 1982, Howard Schultz joined the company and saw an opportunity to transform it into a café chain inspired by Italian coffee culture. After acquiring Starbucks in 1987, Schultz led its rapid expansion across the U.S. and internationally, making it one of the fastest-growing brands of the 1990s. Over time, the company introduced new drinks like the Frappuccino and launched sustainability initiatives. Today, Starbucks operates over 35,000 stores worldwide and continues to innovate by offering unique coffee experiences, solidifying its status as one of the largest and most recognized coffee chains globally.

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The History of Apple Inc.

Apple Inc. was founded on April 1, 1976, by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne in a garage in Cupertino, California. The company started by producing the Apple I computer, followed by the Apple II, which became one of the first successful personal computers.

In 1984, Apple revolutionized the tech industry with the introduction of the Macintosh, featuring a graphical user interface and a mouse. However, internal conflicts led to Jobs leaving the company in 1985. Apple struggled in the following years but regained success after Jobs returned in 1997.

Under Jobs leadership, Apple launched groundbreaking products, including the iMac, iPod, iPhone, and iPad. The introduction of the iPhone in 2007 changed the smartphone industry forever. After Jobs passing in 2011, Tim Cook became CEO, continuing Appleinnovation with products like the Apple Watch and MacBooks with Apple own M-series chips.

Today, Apple is one of the world most valuable companies, known for its cutting-edge technology, sleek design, and strong brand loyalty.

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Amazon is an American company which has a long history in the field of cloud computing and e-commerce. First of all, Amazon was established in 1994 by Jeff Bezos, and it started by selling books online. Then, in 1998, Amazon expanded its service, it started offering services, such as Free Super Savers Shipping. After that, in 2005, Amazon moved into cloud computing by launching Amazon Mechanical, so it controlled the physical infrastructure of the internet. By 2010, a lot of people from all over the world liked ebooks more than physical books from Amazon. To conclude, Amazon did its best to achieve success and progress.

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سارة الجهني-Samsung

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سارة الجهني-Samsung

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The History of Samsung

Samsung was founded in 1938 by Lee Byung-chul in South Korea as a small trading company dealing in groceries, textiles, and seafood. In the 1950s and 60s, it expanded into industries like insurance, retail, and food. However, its major shift came in the late 1960s when it entered the electronics market, starting with black-and-white TVs.

By the 1980s, Samsung was investing heavily in semiconductors, becoming a key player in memory chips. In the 1990s, it shifted its focus to high-tech industries, producing mobile phones and flat-screen TVs. The company gained global recognition with the rise of smartphones, particularly after launching the Galaxy series in 2010, which made it a top competitor to Apple.

Today, Samsung is a leader in technology, producing everything from smartphones and home appliances to advanced semiconductor chips. It remains one of the most influential companies in the world, driving innovation in artificial intelligence, 5G, and display technologies.

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رنيم الحسيني 

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رنيم الحسيني 

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The History of Albaik: From Beginning to Success

Albaik was founded in 1974 in Jeddah by Shakkour Abu Ghazalah, aiming to offer high-quality fried chicken. Initially, the restaurant faced challenges due to a lack of awareness about fast food, but it focused on quality, cleanliness, and affordability, gradually gaining popularity.

In the 1980s, Albaik expanded within Jeddah, opening multiple branches and introducing its signature sauces, which became a key part of its identity. During the 1990s, the brand extended beyond Jeddah to Makkah and Madinah, becoming a favorite among pilgrims and visitors.

In the 2000s, Albaik continued to grow across Saudi Arabia, and in 2020, it went international by opening its first branch outside the kingdom in Bahrain. Today, Albaik is one of the most popular fast-food chains in the Middle East, maintaining its success through quality and continuous innovation.

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Almarai is a name that comes up regularly while discussing the top dairy & animal products brand in the Middle East. Almarai started its operations in 1977 by Prince Sultan bin Mohammed bin Saud Al Kabeer. In 2005, Almarai entered a new phase, transformed from a company with limited liability to a joint-stock company. Between 2006 and 2016, the company grew rapidly. It was announced that their total staffing numbers had reached 38,000, which means the company created over thirty thousand jobs in a decade. Almarai Company is one of the first companies in the world to obtain the ISO 9002 quality certificate, and it is a set of international standards provided by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). In 2018, it was announced that Almarai was the most popular brand in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for the third year in a row. We, as Saudi customers, must support national products.

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روز المطرفي 

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روز المطرفي 

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BMW

BMW is a German multinational company that produces cars and motorcycles. It is a leading company in manufacturing luxury cars. It produces cars in Germany, Brazil, China, India, South Africa, and the United States. BMW's headquarters is in Munich. The company's logo consists of a black ring containing the letters BMW. First, the company was founded in 1916 as a manufacturer of aircraft engines, but the true origins of the company's name go back to 1880. Next, during the 1950s and 1960s, BMW developed sports cars, such as the BMW 1500 series and the BMW 2002. Then, in 1932, the first car bearing the BMW imprint was manufactured. After that, in the 1980s, BMW launched a series of luxury cars, and the company became known for its elegant designs. Finally, in 2015, BMW was ranked 12th among the world's largest automobile companies. To conclude, B MW is the largest successful company in producing cars.

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In 1957, Al Rajhi Bank was established by the four sons of Sheikh Abdulaziz Al Rajhi. Over the decades, it has grown into one of the most prominent financial institutions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. With branches spread across various regions of the country, the bank network has expanded significantly, now operating 570 branches, including 142 exclusively dedicated to serving women. In 1979, the bank took a pioneering step by opening its first women's branch, catering specifically to female customers and their banking needs. Nearly 50 years after its founding, Al Rajhi Bank expanded beyond Saudi Arabia's borders, entering the Malaysian market in 2006, marking its first international presence. Over the years, the bank has diversified its portfolio, strengthening its position as one of the leading conglomerates in Saudi Arabia. Today, it stands as one of the largest and most influential Islamic banks in the world, serving millions of customers.

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Sephora was founded in 1969 by Dominique Mandonnaud in France, introducing a new way to shop for beauty by allowing customers to test products freely. This idea changed the beauty industry and made Sephora stand out. In 1997, luxury giant LVMH acquired Sephora, helping it expand globally, with its first U.S. store opening in 1998. Over the years, Sephora became known for its huge variety of beauty brands, loyalty program (Beauty Insider), virtual try-on technology, and Clean at Sephora initiative for safer beauty products.

Sephora’s success comes from its ability to blend in-store experiences with digital innovation. It introduced interactive stores, personalized beauty services, and an engaging online shopping experience. The brand also focuses on diversity and inclusivity, offering products for all skin tones and types. Today, Sephora operates in over 35 countries, with thousands of stores and a strong online presence, making it one of the most influential beauty retailers in the world.

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NIKE | في السحيمي

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NIKE | في السحيمي

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Nike was founded in 1964 under the name Blue Ribbon Sports by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight, initially serving as a distributor for the Japanese brand Onitsuka Tiger. In 1971, the partnership with the Japanese company ended, and the brand was renamed Nike Inc., inspired by the Greek goddess of victory. During the same year, the iconic “Swoosh” logo was designed. Nike experienced significant growth in the 1980s and 1990s, especially after signing a contract with Michael Jordan and launching the Air Jordan series, which became one of the most famous sports shoes. The company expanded globally and acquired brands like Converse and Hurley, strengthening its position in the sports apparel and equipment market. In the new millennium, Nike continued to innovate by developing technologies such as Flyknit, React, and Air Zoom, with a focus on sustainability. It also enhanced its digital presence through training apps like Nike Training Club. Today, Nike is one of the largest sportswear companies in the world, sponsoring top athletes and teams, including Cristiano Ronaldo, LeBron James, and Kylian Mbappé.

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Company is one of the most prominent Saudi companies in the food and beverage production and distribution sector. The company was founded in 1977 by Prince Sultan bin Mohammed bin Saud Al Kabeer, in collaboration with Irish agricultural pioneers Alastair and Paddy McGuckian.

Almarai started its operations with the production of fresh dairy from 300 cows and has since evolved to become the worldâ€™s largest vertically integrated dairy company, producing 1.5 billion liters of milk annually from more than 195,000 cows.

The companyâ€™s headquarters are in Riyadh, and its operations span Saudi Arabia, the Gulf countries, and some Arab nations. Almaraiâ€™s products include dairy, yogurt, juices, baked goods, poultry, and infant formula.

In 2005, Almarai became a publicly traded company, with its shares listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange (Tadawul) on August 17, 2005.

Almarai continued expanding, forming a partnership with PepsiCo in 2009 and acquiring several food production projects in the region. The company also entered the poultry sector by acquiring Hail Agricultural Development Company.

Today, Almarai is one of the strongest brands in Saudi Arabia, with a broad consumer base of 42 million customers. It is also one of the most recognized brands in the Middle East.

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Dunkin’ Donuts was founded in 1950 in Quincy, Massachusetts, by William Rosenberg. He initially started his business in 1948 under the name “The Open Kettle”, later changing it to Dunkin’ Donuts to emphasize its focus on coffee and donuts.

By 1954, the company expanded with five new locations, and in 1955, it began franchising, leading to rapid growth. In the 1980s, Dunkin’ acquired Baskin-Robbins, forming Dunkin’ Brands and strengthening its global presence.

In 1986, Dunkin’ Donuts entered Saudi Arabia through Shahia Food Limited Company, which holds the exclusive franchise rights. Over time, it became one of the leading coffee and baked goods brands in the region.

Today, Dunkin’ operates in over 30 countries, with thousands of locations worldwide, offering a wide range of coffee, donuts, and baked goods while continuing to expand and innovate.

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Google was founded By Larry Page and Sergey Brin on September 4, 1998, in Menlo Park, California, United States. The key to its success is its ability to provide users with the information they need when searching online, giving them great satisfaction when they find what they are looking for. Google’s search engine is known for its simplicity and ease of use for any user. However, the company has faced challenges, including criticism over its handling of user data, lawsuits, and fines due to allegations of tracking users’ online activities without their consent. Additionally, Google has been criticized for its treatment of employees and workplace policies.

Google is considered one of the world’s leading companies due to its innovative technology, positive work environment, and commitment to community support. However, some criticize it for privacy concerns and market dominance. Nevertheless, it remains one of the most influential companies in the digital world.

Rimas Al-Oufi

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احلام هولدار 

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احلام هولدار 

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History of McDonald’s

McDonald’s started as a small drive-in restaurant in 1940 in San Bernardino, California, founded by Richard and Maurice McDonald. Initially, it was a typical drive-in with carhops serving customers. However, in 1948, the brothers revolutionized the fast-food industry by introducing the “Speedee Service System,” which streamlined food preparation and focused on efficiency, low prices, and quick service.

Expansion and Ray Kroc’s Role

In 1954, Ray Kroc, a milkshake machine salesman, saw the potential of the McDonald brothers’ system and convinced them to let him franchise their concept. In 1955, he opened the first McDonald’s franchise in Des Plaines, Illinois, and established McDonald’s Corporation. Over the next decade, Kroc aggressively expanded the brand, buying out the McDonald brothers in 1961 for $2.7 million.

Growth into a Global Giant

By the 1960s and 1970s, McDonald’s had become a dominant fast-food chain in the U.S. and started expanding internationally. Key milestones include:

• 1967 – First international locations in Canada and Puerto Rico.

• 1971 – Expansion to Japan, Germany, and Australia.

• 1979 – Introduction of the Happy Meal.

• 1984 – McDonald’s opened its 10,000th restaurant.

During the 1980s and 1990s, McDonald’s continued to grow worldwide, adapting its menu to different cultures, such as the McArabia in the Middle East and the McVeggie in India.

Modern Era and Challenges

By the 2000s, McDonald’s faced challenges due to concerns over health and obesity, leading to changes such as healthier menu options (e.g., salads, fruit, and oatmeal) and a greater emphasis on sustainability and digital innovation. The company also expanded its McCafé brand and modernized many restaurants with self-service kiosks and mobile ordering.

Present and Future

Today, McDonald’s operates over 40,000 restaurants in more than 100 countries, serving millions daily. It continues to evolve with trends in technology, delivery services, and plant-based menu items like the McPlant.

Would you like a specific aspect of McDonald’s history explored in more detail?

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خلود المخلفي دانا الرحيلي

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خلود المخلفي دانا الرحيلي

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Fenty Beauty was launched on September 8, 2017, by singer and actress Rihanna in partnership with LVMH. The brand gained attention for its inclusive approach, debuting with 40 foundation shades to suit all skin tones. Its Pro Filt’r Soft Matte Foundation became a best-seller, followed by a wide range of makeup and skincare products. In 2020, Rihanna expanded the brand with Fenty Skin. Today, Fenty Beauty is an award-winning global brand known for promoting diversity and sustainability in the beauty industry.

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Jarir Bookstore is one of the leading retail companies in Saudi Arabia and a distinguished brand in selling office supplies and books. It was founded in 1974 in Riyadh as a small bookstore specializing in selling books and office supplies.

In 1980, the company began to expand and opened its first large branch, which contributed to strengthening its presence in the local market. By the 1990s, Jarir Bookstore had become one of the prominent companies in its sector and started offering modern electronics such as computers and smartphones.

In 2003, Jarir Bookstore was listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange, enhancing its position as a major commercial company and enabling it to further expand its activities. The company continued to grow, opening several branches in Gulf countries, including Kuwait, Qatar, and the UAE.

Today, Jarir Bookstore is a comprehensive hub offering a wide range of products, from books and office supplies to electronics and games, making it an essential destination for many customers in the region.

اروى البلوي

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Chanel

Chanel is one of the most iconic luxury fashion houses, known for its timeless elegance and innovative designs. Founded in 1910 by Gabrielle “Coco” Chanel, the brand has significantly influenced women’s fashion by introducing comfortable yet sophisticated styles. This assignment explores the history of Chanel, highlighting its key innovations, challenges, and legacy.

In 1921, Chanel launched Chanel No. 5, the first designer perfume, followed by the little black dress (1926) and the Chanel suit (1954)—both redefining modern femininity. Despite closing during WWII, Chanel’s 1954 comeback cemented its legacy.

After Chanel’s death in 1971, Karl Lagerfeld modernized the brand, maintaining its timeless appeal. Today, Chanel remains a global icon of luxury and innovation.

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Lamborghini, the renowned Italian luxury sports car manufacturer, was founded in 1963 by Ferruccio Lamborghini. Initially, Ferruccio was a successful tractor manufacturer. However, after a disagreement with Enzo Ferrari about Ferrari’s car quality, he decided to create his own high-performance vehicles.

Early Years (1963 - 1970s)

Lamborghini introduced its first car, the 350 GT, in 1964. The Miura (1966), one of the world’s first supercars, set new standards for speed and design. The Countach (1974), with its futuristic look and signature scissor doors, solidified Lamborghini’s reputation for innovation.

Challenges & Ownership Changes (1980s - 1990s)

The 1970s oil crisis caused financial struggles, leading to multiple ownership changes. In 1987, Chrysler acquired Lamborghini and launched the Diablo (1990), a powerful and stylish supercar. However, in 1994, financial difficulties led to another sale to an Indonesian investment group.

The Audi Era & Global Success (1998 - Present) 🏆

In 1998, Audi (Volkswagen Group) bought Lamborghini, providing financial stability and advanced technology. This era introduced iconic models like:

Murciélago (2001)

Gallardo (2003) – Lamborghini’s best-selling model at the time

Aventador (2011) and Huracán (2014), continuing Lamborghini’s tradition of power and elegance

In 2018, Lamborghini expanded into the luxury SUV market with the Urus, making the brand more accessible.

Lamborghini Today & Future

Today, Lamborghini symbolizes performance, luxury, and innovation. The brand is now exploring hybrid and electric technology, as seen in the Revuelto (2023), its first plug-in hybrid supercar.

With its unique combination of speed, Italian craftsmanship, and cutting-edge design, Lamborghini continues to redefine automotive excellence.

جنى منير

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Porsche is one of the world’s most famous luxury sports car manufacturers, with a history spanning over 90 years. Founded in 1931 by Ferdinand Porsche in Stuttgart, Germany, the company initially provided engineering consultancy rather than producing cars. It played a key role in designing the Volkswagen Beetle.

In 1948, Porsche launched its first car, the Porsche 356, followed by the legendary Porsche 911 in 1964. The 911 became an icon with its powerful rear engine and sleek design. Porsche expanded into motorsports, winning multiple Le Mans 24 Hours races.

The 1980s and 1990s saw new models like the Porsche 928 and Boxster, reviving the brand after financial struggles. In the 2000s, Porsche introduced the Cayenne SUV, Panamera sedan, and hybrid models. The all-electric Taycan debuted in 2019.

Today, as part of Volkswagen Group, Porsche remains a leader in luxury sports cars, known for speed, performance, and innovation.

شهد احمد

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Hardee’s was founded in 1960 in Greenville, North Carolina, by Wilber Hardee. The first restaurant quickly gained popularity for its fast service and quality food. Within a decade, Hardee’s expanded to over 200 locations, making it one of the fastest-growing fast-food chains in the U.S. In 1981, it was acquired by Imasco Limited, which fueled its expansion. Hardee’s became known for its charbroiled burgers, such as the Thickburger, Big Deluxe, and the Star Burger, along with a signature breakfast menu featuring biscuits and sandwiches. In 1997, it merged with Carl’s Jr., forming a powerful brand under CKE Restaurants. Today, Hardee’s operates thousands of locations across the U.S., the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. The brand is recognized for its high-quality burgers, crispy fried chicken, and bold flavors, maintaining a strong presence in the global fast-food industry.

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إيلاف الحربي

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إيلاف الحربي

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Almarai, one of the largest and most successful dairy companies in the Middle East, was founded in 1977 in Saudi Arabia. The company began with a vision from Prince Sultan bin Mohammed bin Saud Al Kabeer and Irish entrepreneur Alastair McGuckian to modernize the country’s dairy industry. In the early years, Almarai focused on producing high-quality milk, introducing advanced farming techniques, and building a reliable distribution network. This allowed them to quickly establish a strong presence in the market. In the 1990s, the company expanded its product range to include cheese, yogurt, and juices, which helped it become a household name across the region. In 2000, Almarai made a major acquisition by purchasing Western Bakeries, which allowed it to enter the bakery sector. Further growth occurred with the launch of the Alyoum poultry brand, which expanded its product offerings. Today, Almarai is a multinational company, known for its commitment to quality and innovation. It has operations in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries, Egypt, and Jordan. The company’s history of success is marked by its consistent growth, diversification, and its focus on providing high-quality products to millions of consumers across the Middle East.

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Jana Yousef Allogmani

ZARA was founded in 1974 in La Coruña, Spain, by businessman Amancio Ortega, who started with a small store selling affordable clothing inspired by high-end fashion. Initially, the company was named Zorba, but due to the existence of a bar with the same name, it was changed to ZARA.

After the success of its first store, ZARA quickly expanded across Spain during the late 1970s and early 1980s. In 1988, ZARA began its international expansion by opening its first store outside Spain in Portugal. In 1989, it entered the U.S. market, followed by France in 1990. During the 1990s, ZARA continued expanding into major markets, including Mexico, the United Kingdom, Argentina, and Japan.

ZARA adopted the fast fashion model, where new clothing designs are created and produced in less than three weeks. Its supply chain was optimized so that stores could receive new collections every two weeks, encouraging customers to buy quickly.

By 2010, ZARA had more than 5,000 stores in over 70 countries worldwide. With digital and environmental shifts from 2020 to the present, ZARA has focused on e-commerce and sustainability to maintain its market position.

Today, ZARA is one of the largest fashion brands in the world, operating in more than 90 countries with thousands of stores globally.

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Dior: A Journey of Elegance and Luxury Through the Decades

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Dior: A Journey of Elegance and Luxury Through the Decades

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Founded in 1946 by Christian Dior, the fashion house revolutionized the industry in 1947 with the “New Look”—a collection featuring cinched waists, narrow shoulders, and voluminous skirts, redefining femininity and luxury. That same year, Dior launched “Miss Dior”, marking the brand’s entry into the world of fragrances.

Following Dior’s sudden passing in 1957, Yves Saint Laurent took over but left in 1960 due to military service. Marc Bohan maintained Dior’s classic elegance for over 25 years, followed by Gianfranco Ferré in the late 1980s, who introduced an Italian touch.

In 1996, Bernard Arnault appointed John Galliano, who brought theatricality and bold innovation to Dior. After his departure in 2011, Raf Simons took over, embracing minimalism before leaving in 2015. In 2016, Maria Grazia Chiuri became Dior’s first female creative director, promoting women’s empowerment through fashion.

Today, Dior is a global symbol of elegance, offering haute couture, ready-to-wear collections, fragrances, cosmetics, and jewelry. Under LVMH, it continues to innovate while preserving its legacy as one of the world’s most influential fashion houses.

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Toyota is one of the largest car companies in the world, founded in Japan in 1937 by Kiichiro Toyoda. The company is known for the quality and technological innovations of its cars, making it very popular worldwide. Toyota started its operations in Saudi Arabia in 1955 and established a large network of dealers and distributors.

Toyota is a leader in developing electric and hybrid cars, such as the Toyota Prius, which was one of the first hybrid cars to achieve global success. In Saudi Arabia, Toyota offers a wide range of cars, from small vehicles to SUVs and trucks. Toyota cars have a strong reputation in the kingdom due to their excellent performance, reliable service teams, and reasonable prices.

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ريناد الردادي

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ريناد الردادي

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Tesla

Tesla is an American multinational company specializing in electric vehicles and clean energy, with a long history in the industry. The main products of Tesla include electric cars, energy storage systems, and solar panels. The company’s headquarters is located in Palo Alto, California, USA.

Tesla was founded in 2003 by a group of engineers, with Elon Musk being one of the key investors and influential figures in its growth. Initially, Tesla focused on producing electric sports cars, launching the Tesla Roadster in 2008, which was the first electric vehicle capable of long-distance travel on a single charge.

In 2012, the company introduced the Tesla Model S, which gained significant success and established Tesla as a leader in the electric vehicle market. Later, the company expanded its lineup to include the Model X, Model 3, and Model Y, further increasing its global popularity.

By 2020, Tesla had become one of the most valuable car manufacturers in the world, surpassing industry giants like Toyota and Ford. Despite challenges such as supply shortages and rising production costs, Tesla continued to innovate, developing self-driving technology and expanding into the renewable energy sector.

By 2022, Tesla had over 100,000 employees worldwide and remained committed to developing new technologies, including more affordable electric vehicles and smart robotics, making it a leader in future technology.

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Bentley Motors was founded in 1919 by British engineer Walter Owen Bentley in Cricklewood, London, with the goal of manufacturing high-performance luxury cars. The company gained a strong reputation after winning the 24 Hours of Le Mans race five times between 1924 and 1930, solidifying its status as a premium sports brand.

In 1931, Rolls-Royce acquired Bentley following financial difficulties, relocating production to Crewe, England. Bentley remained under Rolls-Royce’s management until 1998, when it was purchased by Volkswagen, marking a new era for the brand.

Today, Bentley is known for producing luxury vehicles such as the Continental GT and Bentayga, combining high performance with exquisite craftsmanship and cutting-edge technology.

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History of Milaf Company

Milaf is one of the leading Saudi companies specializing in the manufacturing and marketing of dates and their derivatives. The company was launched under Turath Al-Madina, a subsidiary of the Public Investment Fund (PIF), with the aim of promoting the status of Saudi dates both locally and globally. One of its most recent achievements is the development and launch of “Milaf Cola”, the world’s first carbonated drink made from dates.

Milaf was established as part of Saudi Arabia’s vision to enhance the date sector and transform it into a value-added industry. The company aims to offer innovative products based on dates while adhering to the highest quality standards at every stage of production, from cultivation to manufacturing and distribution.

In 2024, Milaf announced the launch of its groundbreaking product, “Milaf Cola”, during the World of Dates Exhibition 2024 in Riyadh. The event was attended by the Minister of Environment, Water, and Agriculture, Eng. Abdulrahman Al-Fadley, along with key figures in the food and agriculture sector. This drink is considered the first of its kind globally, as it uses dates as the main ingredient, making it a healthier and more natural alternative to traditional carbonated beverages

Following the official announcement, Milaf Cola was introduced to the Saudi market, where it received significant interest from consumers. The company aims to expand globally, focusing on the Middle East, Europe, and East Asia, to promote Saudi dates and their derivative products in innovative and attractive ways.

Milaf is working to strengthen its presence in the food industry by offering a wide range of date-based products, including beverages, confectionery, and nutritional supplements. The company is also committed to maintaining the highest quality standards at every stage of production, from date cultivation and harvesting to manufacturing and packaging.

Milaf is a successful example of how a traditional agricultural product like dates can be transformed into a key element in the global food industry. Through “Milaf Cola” and its future products, the company aims to achieve its vision of integrating Saudi dates into the global diet while enhancing their economic value as a natural and nutrient-rich food source.

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Nice One was founded in 2017 by brothers Omar and Abdulrahman Al-Olayan. It started as an online beauty and personal care platform in Saudi Arabia and quickly became one of the leading e-commerce companies in the region.

In 2018, Nice One expanded its storage facilities and introduced its first exclusive brand. By 2019, the company had over 2 million app downloads and 300,000 customers. The following year, orders increased by 86%, and the customer base grew to over 500,000.

By 2021, Nice One offered more than 500 brands and introduced same-day delivery in Riyadh. In 2023, it expanded its exclusive brands to 12 and exceeded 1.4 million customers. In 2024, the company launched a loyalty program and new product categories.

In December 2024, Nice One announced plans for an IPO, aiming to list 30% of its shares on the Saudi stock exchange. Today, it remains a top beauty retailer in the region.

حوراء النخلي

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has a rich history, first introduced in 1966 as a two-door muscle car. The first-generation Charger featured a fastback design and powerful V8 engines, making it a strong competitor in the muscle car era.

In 1968, the second-generation Charger debuted with a more aggressive look, becoming an icon, especially after appearing in movies like Bullitt (1968). The Charger R/T with the 426 HEMI became a legend.

The 1970s and 1980s saw major changes, with the Charger shifting towards luxury and performance variations. However, in 1987, Dodge discontinued the model.

In 2006, the Charger returned as a four-door sedan, blending muscle car power with modern comfort. Later models introduced high-performance versions like the SRT Hellcat (2015) and the Charger Redeye (2021), producing over 700 horsepower.

Today, the Charger remains a symbol of American performance, combining power, technology, and muscle car heritage.

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YouTube was founded in February 2005 by Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim as a platform for easy video sharing. The first video, "Me at the zoo," was uploaded on April 23, 2005. By the end of the year, YouTube had gained massive popularity, attracting millions of visitors daily.

In November 2006, Google acquired YouTube for $1.65 billion, marking a major turning point. Over the following years, YouTube introduced key features like HD video (2008), live streaming (2011), and the Partner Program (2007), which allowed creators to earn money. The platform also expanded globally, launching localized versions in different countries.

In the 2010s, YouTube evolved further with YouTube Gaming (2015), YouTube Red (later YouTube Premium) in 2015, and YouTube Shorts in 2020 to compete with short-form content. Today, YouTube is the world's largest video-sharing platform, with billions of users and a major influence on entertainment, education, and digital culture.

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Kinder’s story began in Alba, Italy, in 1968 when Michele Ferrero, son of Ferrero’s founder, launched the first Kinder product, Kinder Chocolate. The aim was to create a chocolate bar that offered both taste and nutrition for children year-round, inspired by the Italian tradition of giving chocolate at Easter. The chocolate was an instant success, prompting the company to expand the Kinder line.

In 1974, Kinder Surprise, the chocolate egg containing a small toy, was launched and became an immediate global phenomenon. This was followed by other successful products like Kinder Bueno, Kinder Maxi, Kinder Joy, and Kinder Delice, each targeting different age groups and preferences.

Kinder has continued to innovate and expand over the years, focusing on quality and carefully selected ingredients. Today, Kinder products are sold in over 170 countries worldwide and are among the most popular and beloved chocolate and confectionery treats for both children and adults.

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Saudi Aramco is the largest oil company in the world. It started in 1933 when Saudi Arabia made a deal with an American oil company to look for oil. In 1938, oil was found in Dhahran, and this changed the future of the country. By 1950, Aramco built a pipeline to carry oil to the Mediterranean Sea, making it easier to sell oil to other countries. In 1980, Saudi Arabia took full control of the company. This made it a national company and a big part of the economy. In 2019, Aramco became the largest public company in history when it sold shares on the stock market. Today, Aramco works on oil and gas, but it also invests in renewable energy like solar and wind power. The company helps the Saudi economy grow and supports many community projects like schools and health centers. Aramco is very important for Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, which aims to create new industries and jobs. It is a leader in energy and a symbol of success for the country.

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Jarir Bookstore was founded in 1974 in Riyadh by Muhammad Al-Agil as a small bookstore selling books and stationery. It expanded in the 1980s and 1990s, adding electronics and computers to its offerings. In 2003, it was listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange (Tadawul), accelerating its growth.

Today, Jarir operates in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, and the UAE, offering books, electronics, office supplies, and e-learning tools. It has also strengthened its digital presence through e-commerce, making it one of the leading retail brands in the region.

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آيات فيصل المالكي 

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آيات فيصل المالكي 

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Snapchat is a technology company that created a popular social media app called Snapchat. It was founded in 2011 by Evan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy, and Reggie Brown while they were students at Stanford University. The idea behind Snapchat was to allow users to send photos and videos that disappear after a short time. This made the app different from other social media platforms. Over the years, Snapchat introduced new features such as Stories, filters, and Bitmoji. These features made the app more fun and interactive for users. In 2017, the company started selling Spectacles, smart glasses that record videos. It also launched Snap Map, which lets users see their friends' locations. Snapchat is very popular among young people and is used in more than 150 countries. Millions of people use it daily to send Snaps, chat, and watch content from celebrities and brands. The company continues to improve the app and create new features to make it more fun and easy to use.

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History of Dior

Christian Dior, one of the most influential fashion designers of the 20th century, founded his iconic fashion house in 1946. Born in 1905 in Granville, France, Dior initially pursued a career in art before entering the fashion industry. His breakthrough came in 1947 with the launch of the “New Look,” a revolutionary collection that redefined women’s fashion after World War II. The designs featured cinched waists, full skirts, and elegant silhouettes, bringing back femininity and luxury to the fashion world.

Dior’s success quickly expanded beyond couture. By the 1950s, the brand introduced accessories, fragrances, and ready-to-wear lines. Notably, the Miss Dior perfume, launched in 1947, became an instant classic. After Christian Dior’s sudden death in 1957, the young Yves Saint Laurent took over as the creative director, ensuring the brand’s continued success.

Over the decades, Dior evolved under the leadership of several designers, including Gianfranco Ferré, John Galliano, Raf Simons, and Maria Grazia Chiuri. Today, the brand remains a global symbol of elegance, innovation, and luxury, influencing both haute couture and modern fashion trends.

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Cartier is a French luxury goods company that designs, manufactures, distributes, and sells jewelry and watches. It was founded by Louis-François Cartier in 1847 in Paris, France. The company remained under the management of the Cartier family until 1964. Cartier maintains its headquarters in Paris, although it is now a wholly owned subsidiary of the Swiss Richemont Group. The brand operates more than 200 stores in 125 countries. After Pierre Cartier’s death in 1964, Jean-Jacques Cartier, Claude Cartier, and Marion Claudel, who respectively headed the Cartier branches in London, New York, and Paris, sold their stakes in the company. In 1972, Robert Hocq, with the help of a group of investors led by Joseph Kanoui, acquired Cartier Paris. In 1994, the Fondation Cartier pour l’Art Contemporain moved to the Rive Gauche and opened its headquarters in a building designed by Jean Nouvel. Since 1993, Cartier has been fully owned by the Richemont Group.

ريماس الصاعدي

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Huda Beauty was founded in 2013 by Huda Kattan, an Iraqi-American makeup artist and entrepreneur. Born in Oklahoma to Iraqi parents, Huda initially studied finance but later pursued her passion for beauty, training as a makeup artist in Los Angeles. She launched a beauty blog in 2010, gaining a massive following for her makeup tutorials and product reviews.

In 2013, with the support of her sisters Mona and Alya Kattan, she introduced Huda Beauty, starting with false eyelashes, which became a bestseller at Sephora. The brand expanded to include liquid lipsticks, foundations, eyeshadow palettes, and skincare under Wishful Beauty.

Huda Beauty became a billion-dollar company, known for its high-quality formulas and inclusive shade ranges. Huda, recognized as one of the most influential figures in beauty, continues to innovate. Today, Huda Beauty remains a global powerhouse, empowering beauty lovers through social media, product development, and industry trends, shaping the future of cosmetics.

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The Tim Hortons coffee chain was founded in 1964 in Hamilton, Ontario, by the famous hockey player Tim Horton. The company started by offering coffee and donuts and quickly expanded to include soups and sandwiches. In 1995, Tim Hortons merged with Wendy’s, but regained its independence in 2006. In 2014, it was acquired by Restaurant Brands International, which aimed to expand the brand globally. Over time, Tim Hortons expanded to include numerous locations in the United States, the Middle East, and Europe, making it one of Canada’s most iconic coffee brands. While maintaining its distinct Canadian identity, Tim Hortons has become an integral part of coffee culture in Canada and has significantly expanded into international markets.

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Half Million Coffee is a popular Saudi Arabian coffee brand that started as a simple idea between two friends who shared a passion for coffee. One of the founders, Abdullah bin Mohammed Al-Rajhi, helped bring this vision to life with an initial investment of 500,000 SAR, which is where the name â€œHalf Millionâ€ comes from. The brand quickly grew in popularity, expanding to cities like Riyadh, Jeddah, Dammam, and Madinah. What makes Half Million stand out is its focus on sales volume rather than high profit margins, which is why their prices are reasonable while still maintaining great quality. Their menu includes a variety of hot and cold drinks, along with sandwiches and desserts, available for dine-in or delivery through their official app and food delivery platforms. With its modern atmosphere and commitment to quality, Half Million has become a favorite spot for many coffee lovers across Saudi Arabia.

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Saudi Telecom Company (STC) was founded in 1998 as the first telecommunications provider in Saudi Arabia. Initially, it was a government-owned entity, but in 2003, part of the company was privatized. STC played a major role in expanding telecommunication services across the Kingdom, introducing mobile, internet, and fiber-optic solutions. Over the years, the company expanded its operations internationally, investing in markets across the Middle East, Asia, and North Africa. Today, STC is one of the leading digital and telecommunications companies in the region, continuously innovating in areas such as 5G, cloud computing, and digital payments.

وجدان الرشيدي

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Amazon was founded by Jeff Bezos in 1994 as an online bookstore, with a vision to create the world's largest online retailer. It quickly expanded to sell various products and introduced services like Amazon Marketplace (2000) and Amazon Web Services (AWS) (2002), which helped it survive the dot-com crash. The launch of Amazon Prime (2005), Kindle (2007), and Alexa-powered Echo devices (2014) solidified its dominance in e-commerce and technology. In 2017, Amazon acquired Whole Foods, expanding into the grocery market, and by 2018, it became a trillion-dollar company. Jeff Bezos stepped down as CEO in 2021, with Andy Jassy taking over. Today, Amazon is a global leader in e-commerce, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and digital entertainment, continuing to innovate in logistics, automation, and AI-driven commerce.

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### History of Apple Inc.

Apple was founded in 1976, by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne. The company started by producing personal computers, with the Apple I as its first product. The Apple II, launched in 1977, became a major success and was one of the first mass-produced microcomputers.

In the 1980s, Apple introduced the Macintosh, featuring a graphical user interface that made computers more accessible.

However, the company faced challenges in the late 1980s and early 1990s, leading to financial struggles.

In 1997, Steve Jobs returned to Apple and implemented strategic changes. Under his leadership, Apple launched innovative products like the iMac and iPod. The introduction of the iPhone in 2007 revolutionized the smartphone industry.

Today, Apple is renowned for its design, quality, and user experience, making it one of the world's most valuable companies, with a diverse range of products including computers, smartphones, tablets, and services. concluding S

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هديل المحمادي 

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هديل المحمادي 

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Levrine Perfume Company was founded in 2010 by a group of passionate fragrance experts with a vision to blend traditional Middle Eastern perfume-making techniques with modern innovation. The company quickly gained recognition for its commitment to quality and creativity, producing luxurious scents that cater to sophisticated tastes.

From the start, Levrine focused on using rare, natural ingredients to craft unique, long-lasting fragrances. Its dedication to perfection and attention to detail helped the brand stand out in a competitive market. The company’s offerings are known for their exquisite packaging, reflecting the elegance and timelessness of the perfumes themselves.

As the brand expanded, Levrine became a household name in the Middle East and other parts of the world, known for creating exceptional fragrances that evoke deep emotions and memorable experiences. Today, Levrine continues to innovate while staying true to its roots, blending heritage and modernity in every bottle it produces.

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سدين المطرفي 

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Porsche was founded on April 25, 1931 by engineer Ferdinand Porsche in Stuttgart, Germany. Known for designing high-performance luxury sports cars with advanced technology, Porsche has become a symbol of quality and speed in the automotive world.

Porsche started out as an engineering firm and helped design the Volkswagen Beetle, but launched its first car, the Porsche 356, in 1948. The company saw great success with the 911 in 1963, then expanded with the launch of the Cayenne in 2002 and the electric Taycan in 2019.

Porsche is a prominent brand in motor racing, achieving important victories such as the Le Mans 24 Hours. Its cars combine high performance with luxury, making them a favorite choice for speed enthusiasts around the world

Since its foundation until today, Porsche has continued to innovate in the field of sports and luxury cars, making it one of the world’s leading companies. Thanks to its rich history and advanced vehicles, Porsche remains a brand synonymous with powerful performance, elegance and advanced technology.

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شهد عبد الرحمن 

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شهد عبد الرحمن 

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Johnson & Johnson: A Global Leader in Healthcare

Founded in 1886 in New Brunswick, New Jersey, Johnson & Johnson (J&J) has grown to become one of the largest healthcare companies in the world. With a wide range of products, J&J is involved in three main sectors: consumer health, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices. The consumer health division includes popular brands like Baby Johnson's, Neutrogena, and Band-Aid. These products are trusted by millions of consumers worldwide for their reliability and quality. In the pharmaceutical sector, J&J is a leader in treating various health conditions, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases, with groundbreaking medicines. The medical devices division is equally influential, offering advanced surgical tools, orthopedics, and diagnostic equipment. The company operates in more than 60 countries, and its products are sold in over 175 countries, reaching millions of people daily. Johnson & Johnson is also known for its commitment to innovation and sustainability, constantly working to improve health outcomes and reduce its environmental impact. Despite facing some controversies over the years, J&J continues to hold a significant position in the healthcare industry due to its dedication to improving lives globally through its high-quality products and research-driven approach.

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Sephora

Sephora is a multinational retailer specializing in beauty and skincare products. It was founded in 1969 in France by Dominique Mandonnaud. Sephora is well known for offering a wide range of makeup, skincare, haircare, and fragrance products from top global brands, as well as its own private label, Sephora Collection.

The company’s headquarters is in Paris, France, and it operates in numerous countries worldwide. In 1997, Sephora became a subsidiary of LVMH, a leading luxury goods company. Sephora is known for its unique shopping experience, allowing customers to try products before purchasing and offering expert beauty advice in-store and online.

Over the years, Sephora has expanded its influence in the beauty industry, launching innovative digital services, loyalty programs, and exclusive brand collaborations. Today, it remains one of the most successful beauty retailers globally, competing with brands like Ulta and MAC Cosmetics.

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Sephora is one of the world’s leading beauty retailers, offering a diverse range of cosmetics, skincare, and fragrances from global brands. Known for its unique shopping experience that blends quality, variety, and innovation, it was founded in France in 1969 by Dominique Mandonnaud, who revolutionized the industry by allowing customers to try products before buying. This pioneering concept led to rapid expansion, with thousands of stores now across Europe, North America, Asia, and the Middle East, complemented by an enhanced online shopping experience through its website and mobile app. Today, Sephora remains the top destination for beauty enthusiasts worldwide.

jana yahya

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Amazon is an American multinational company. It specializes in the field of cloud computing and e-commerce. The headquarters is in Redmond, Washington, USA. Amazon has a long history. First of all, Amazon was established in 1994 by Jeff Bezos, and it started by selling books online. Then, in 1998, Amazon expanded its service, it started offering services, such as Free Super Savers Shipping. After that, in 2005, Amazon moved into cloud computing by launching Amazon Mechanical. As a result, it controlled the physical infrastructure of the internet. By 2010, a lot of people from all over the world liked books from Amazon more than physical books . Amazon has several branches in all countries. The number of employees was 1,608,000 employees in 2022. Amazon is a successful company because it focuses on innovation and customers’ satisfaction. To conclude, Amazon is a great company, and it does its best in order to achieve success and progress in the field of technology.