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-Portugal was the first European country to arrive in Africa. they were the first because they were the closest and they also had enough resources to do so.

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-First to sail around africa and make it to india.

-Da Gama marked his discovery with stone pillars, or padrões, in Mozambique, Calicut, and near Mossel Bay, South Africa.

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-Shang Dynasty - The earliest ruling dynasty of China to be established in recorded history

- the Shang was headed by a tribal chief named Tan.

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this policy was taken into place by japan and this meant that no one could come in or out of their territory. they made this because they didn't want any of their people top get other ideas from somewhere else.

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-manchus will take over and conquer china.

-they are a ethnic group from Manchuria, after they took over though they ended up falling and it took awhile to recover.

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-Absolute monarchies- the closest thing to a dictator, they have absolute power.

-believe in the “divine right to rule”- the granted right to rule coming from god.

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-Movement that moved throughout all of Europe involved major shifts in thinking about government, authority, and human rights.

-Otherwise known as the “age of reason”

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-New ideas challenge old ideas

-people are born with natural rights that no monarch or government can take away

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World War 1 took place during this time and was a significant event. This can also be called the great war. leading to a global conflict between the Central Powers, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire. Also the Allied Powers, Great Britain, France, Russia, and later the United States.

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during this time the world war two was taking place. this was a time where the allies and the axis went against each other.