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Urban Population: 37,194,104 people

Ranked as the number one mega city, Tokyo-Yokohama is the world’s largest urban agglomeration, incorporating surrounding cities like Yokohama, Kawasaki, and Chiba. Despite its vast population, Tokyo maintains a highly efficient public transport system, supporting nearly 80% of all journeys.

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Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications

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Statistics Bureau Home Page/Population Estimates/Current Population Estimates as of October 1, 2023

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The annual population estimates offer [population by age (single year) and sex for Japan] and [population by age (5-year group) a<br />nd sex for prefectures] as of October 1,2023.

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Urban Population: 32,941,308 people

Ranked as the second-largest mega city, Delhi, India’s capital, recently overtook Mumbai to become the country’s most populous city. It’s a place of striking contrasts, with historic Old Delhi featuring mosques, lively bazaars, and narrow lanes, while New Delhi, the capital district, showcases grand avenues, business centres, and modern shopping malls.

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Urban Population: 29,210,808 people

Ranked as the third largest mega city, Shanghai serves as China’s financial and commercial centre and is recognised as the world's largest city proper. It hosts one of the busiest ports globally and boasts an extensive transport network with over a thousand lines.

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Shanghai, China Metro Area Population 1950-2024

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Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Shanghai, China metro area from 1950 to 2024. United Nations population projections are also included through the year 2035.

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Urban Population: 23,209,616 people

Ranked as the fourth-largest mega city, Dhaka is a vibrant and diverse city located in central Bangladesh along the Buriganga River. As the capital and largest city in the country, Dhaka is also one of the most densely populated cities globally. In 2016, the Greater Dhaka Area had a population exceeding 18 million, while the city itself was home to approximately 8.5 million people.

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Urban Population: 22,619,736 people

Ranked as the fifth-largest mega city, São Paulo is Brazil’s largest city and the most populous city proper in both the Americas and the southern hemisphere. As a global city, it holds significant influence in arts, entertainment, finance, and commerce, and is renowned for hosting the world’s largest gay pride parade. Often referred to as Sampa or Cidade da Garoa (City of Drizzle), São Paulo had a municipal population of 11.31 million in 2011.

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Sao Paulo, Brazil Metro Area Population 1950-2024

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Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Sao Paulo, Brazil metro area from 1950 to 2024. United Nations population projections are also included through the year 2035.

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Urban Population: 22,281,442 people

Ranked as the sixth-largest mega city, Mexico City, or Ciudad de México, is the capital of Mexico and the most populous city in North America. As one of the world's major cultural and financial hubs, it is situated in the Valley of Mexico at a high plateau, 2,240 meters (7,350 feet) above sea level. The city comprises 16 administrative divisions, known as alcaldías, previously referred to as boroughs.

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Urban Population: 22,183,200 people

Ranked as the seventh-largest mega city, Cairo is Egypt’s capital and largest city, located near the Nile Delta. With origins dating back to 969 CE, Cairo uniquely merges ancient and modern Egyptian culture. Known locally as Masr, al-Qahirah ("the Vanquisher"), Kayro, or Umm al-Dunya ("the Mother of the World"), Cairo had an estimated population of around 12 million in 2016.

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Urban Population: 21,766,214 people

Ranked as the eighth-largest mega city, Beijing is a key economic hub in China. In 2011, the city’s nominal GDP reached $247.7 billion, giving it a per capita GDP of $12,447 behind only Tianjin and Shanghai among Chinese cities. With an annual growth rate of 8-10%, Beijing’s economic influence and figures are anticipated to continue rising.

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Beijing, China Metro Area Population 1950-2024

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Chart and table of population level and growth rate for the Beijing, China metro area from 1950 to 2024. United Nations population projections are also included through the year 2035.

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Urban Population: 21,296,516 people

Ranked as the ninth-largest mega city, Mumbai also known as Bombay, is the capital of Maharashtra and the most populous city in India. It stands as the fourth most populous city globally and one of the world’s most densely populated urban areas. According to India’s 2011 census, Mumbai’s Urban Agglomeration had a population of 20,748,395, while the city itself recorded 12,478,447 residents. The next national census is planned for 2021.

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Urban Population: 19,013,434 people

Ranked as the tenth-largest mega city, Osaka is located in Japan's Kansai region, often considered the cultural heart of the country. It serves as the capital of Osaka Prefecture and forms part of Japan’s second-largest metropolitan area, Keihanshin, with a population exceeding 19 million. In 2016, Osaka city alone had a population of over 2 million.