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Pupil Voice - How Black History month is celebrated around the world

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October is Black History Month in the UK, an event that has been celebrated nationwide for more than 30 years.

It was originally founded to recognise the contributions that people of African and Caribbean backgrounds have made to the UK over many generations.

Now, Black History Month has expanded to include the history of not just African and Caribbean people but all black people.

"In years gone by, October has been the only time of year when the UK talks about the achievements of black people in Britain," says Catherine Ross, a guest editor of Black History Month.

"Hopefully, this will be a catalyst for black history to be shared much more widely - in museums, galleries, schools, universities, public spaces and communities."

How do you plan to mark Black History Month? You can let us know your ideas in the comments.

More on Black History Month

Who started Black History Month and why is it important?

Carter G. Woodson was a ground breaking historian in the US who recognised there was a lack of information about the achievements of black people in America.

In 1915 he set up a society to study exactly that, which is why he is known as "The father of Black history".

Black History Month wasn't adopted in the UK though until many years later in 1987 at the same time as the 150th anniversary of when slavery was abolished in the Caribbean.

Black History Month was launched in London by a man from Ghana called Akyaaba Addai-Sebo.

He came to the UK in 1984 as a refugee and, like Woodson, his aim was for the local community to challenge racism and educate themselves and others about the British history of black people that was not taught in schools.

Black people have been in Britain for a lot longer than previously thought - one of the oldest skeletons ever found was that of the Cheddar Man who had dark skin.

Archaeologists, people who study human history by digging up sites looking at bones and ancient objects, think the skeleton dates back to the Stone Age.

Throughout history, black people have always been present in the UK but there has been a lack of representation in history books.

In paintings of Henry VIII you can see black people in the background.

Queen Victoria even had a black goddaughter whose mother was a Nigerian Princess called Omoba. She was given to the Queen when her parents died after being captured by slave traders. Her name was changed to Sarah Forbes-Bonetta.

Many people think it's important to remember the forgotten people who have helped to shape the UK.

An historic year

In more recent times, there were protests in Britain and around the world in 2020 in response to the death of George Floyd, a black man who died after being stopped by police in America.

"2020 has held a mirror up to the world and forced many to see the reality of racism," says Catherine Ross.

In the UK, Black Lives Matter protests called for an end to systemic racism, where people are treated unfairly because they are black.

Premier League footballers have taken the knee in solidarity with the movement, while there have been calls to remove statues of white people who contributed to Britain's role in the transatlantic slave trade - a time when black people were traded for goods and sold into slavery to work. The practice lasted for more than 400 years.

"Black Lives Matter protests around the world sparked a commitment among many individuals and organisations to educate themselves about black history, heritage and culture - as part of understanding racism and standing in solidarity against it," Ross said.

The Black Lives Matter movement:

Is Black History Month celebrated around the world?

It is mainly marked in the US where it started and the UK as well as in Canada, Germany and Ireland.

In 1990 Germany was the second European country to officially recognise Black History Month, with Ireland joining in 2010.

In the Netherlands it is known as Black Achievement Month. Other countries hold events and celebrations but might not do this on an official basis.

How is Black History Month celebrated in the UK?

Many people take the time to do research into their backgrounds or find out more about black people who have made a difference to the UK.

Some schools teach about Britain's black history, including the slave trade, and important and influential black men and women from history.

The National Association of Head Teachers union has gone further and called for an anti-racist approach to education at the start of Black History Month 2023.

It said anti-racism was more than simply being aware of racism, it involved training people to spot it and call it out. The union said it wanted compulsory training in anti-racism for all educators to help bring about "true change".

But the UK government says laws already exist to prevent racism which it says "has absolutely no place in our schools and the Equality Act is clear that discrimination against pupils on the basis of their race is unlawful".

Children's author Malorie Blackman has called for schools to teach black history all year round - not only during Black History Month.

If you are interested in reading more books by black authors and about racial inequality, BBC Bitesize has this handy guide.

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How Black History month is celebrated around the world

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October is Black History Month and it has been celebrated across the UK for more than 30 years. It was originally established to recognise the contribution that people of African and Caribbean backgrounds have made to the nation over many generations.

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Black History Month | All You Need to Know | Newsround

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KARA: I'm Kara Joseph and I have been a primary teacher for over 13 years. I'm currently a deputy head teacher in London. In our school I'm responsible for curriculum design and I'm also the Black Caribbean Boys Champion. I'm excited to present to you a new series of films from BBC Teach for use in primary studies of black British history.

TINA: When I went to school, I was only one of two black children. I was very noticeable.

VERNON: My dad became the very first black bus driver in Bristol.

KARA: It's important to teach black history for many reasons. Britain is a diverse society and the history we teach needs to reflect the people who are currently living here. All people should be represented across our whole curriculum. Children should be given the opportunity to connect with positive black role models from the past and be inspired. This new series of films celebrate the incredible contribution of the black community in the UK. In the films, pupils are introduced to different positive role models. Each central character is interviewed by a child of a similar age to the audience. At the end of the film, the child reflects on what they have learnt.

DANTE: I find Alison's story so inspiring because she helped so many people through her life. If it weren't for people like Alison, the NHS might not be able to look after us all.

HARLOW: It feels so good to know that the lives of people from long ago can live on forever in the stories that we write. And no matter where I am in the world, Bermuda or the United Kingdom, I'm still connected to my community through a rich heritage of travel and storytelling.

KARA: Through these intergenerational conversations, pupils will learn how and why Britain has become so diverse, especially over the last century. And they will also face wider questions to consider, such as how to make their own positive contribution to society.

NAOMI: Dennis's story is important because it teaches us that sometimes you have to stand up for yourself, and even if others won't believe in you, it's enough to believe in yourself.

ABD-RAHAMAN: Magid's story is important because it teaches us that history is alive and everything that we do can add to it. He makes me proud of my Somali heritage, and the thing that will stay with me the most is that no matter where we come from, we can find community and home wherever we end up.

KARA: There is also the recurring theme of artifacts. Artifacts are used to investigate story and memory. For example, Eunice uses fashion magazines, Yesha uses poetry, Elsie uses architecture and Dennis uses photography.

DENNIS: There's a very famous picture which I took where Bob looked back at me and said, "you ready Dennis?" and I went "click, click, yes", and the adventure began.

KARA: More traditional research objects are also used, such as maps, certificates and newspaper clippings. Every artifact tells a different story, and pupils will be inspired to investigate the objects that surround them and in turn uncover their own personal history.

A sense of landscape is also important in the films. The contributors walk around local streets, look at buildings and imagine the world as it once was. They visit libraries, farms, museums and town centres. The films feature communities from across the UK and can be used as examples for classes to follow as they explore their own local history. Mixing storytelling, artifacts, investigation, landscape and intergenerational conversation is a clever way to challenge pupil's concept of history. They will realise that history is happening all the time, and that is not just about things that have happened hundreds of years ago. It is also about things that have affected the people around them. It is something they can easily learn about and learn from, if only they ask the right questions.

Many primary and secondary schools are moving away from teaching black history in just one month of the year. Teaching black history all year round promotes a sense of identity and belonging in young people living in the UK. In the Key Stage 2 primary national curriculum, this series of history films fits neatly into a study of an aspect or theme in British history that extends pupils' chronological knowledge beyond 1066. Each film comes with teacher notes that detail some other areas of the curriculum beyond history that can link with the topics covered. These notes link to Scottish, English, Welsh and Northern Irish curriculums. All films have a strong link to the PSHE curriculum, whether it is looking at identity and culture, community and responsibilities, diversity and challenging prejudice or career and aspirations.

EUNICE: I was scouted by a model agent. I was coming from a background where I had had really bad experiences because of the color of my skin. Actually, people thought that I looked great, where I looked amazing, which to me was so unusual and so strange and it built my confidence so much.

KARA: Each set of teacher notes ends with a number of different activities or lesson extensions that can be used with your class. These may link to English, where pupils will be asked to write non-chronological reports, diaries or poetry. They may link to a particular subject like history, geography or music, with a lesson idea to match. They may also involve a more practical challenge linked to perseverance or aspiration. Importantly, there is also a key vocabulary list to help direct some of the discussion in class.

These films offer a basic understanding of how diverse Britain has become over the past century. Community and culture are recurring themes that allow important questions to be raised, prompting children to explore where they fit in their own community and think about their aspirations for the future. The films also challenge discrimination and prejudice. Pupils will be taught not to stereotype and instead to celebrate similarities and differences and so learn from a variety of role models. Pupils will be challenged to reflect on their own thoughts and feelings about each issue that is explored and in turn gain a greater understanding of the world they live in.

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A collection of short films for primary schools, exploring the experiences and contributions of people from communities across the UK, and celebrating the rich contribution of the black community to the culture, society and economy of the UK.

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Discuss the video in your tutor groups and then research 5 key facts about Martin Luther King.

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I Have a Dream speech by Martin Luther King .Jr HD (subtitled)

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The Bristol Bus Boycott

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The Notting Hill Carnival - Black History Educational Animation for KS2/KS3

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At the Berlin 1936 Olympic Games, Jesse Owens, won gold in the 100m, 200m, 4x100m and Long Jump – all in front of the watching Adolf Hitler.

As an African-American athlete, Owens set three world records (200m, two in 4x100m), shattering Hitler’s theories of Aryan superiority.

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Jesse Owens' Historic Wins at the Berlin 1936 Olympics | Throwback Thursday

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1968 Olympics 100m & 200m (Black Power Salute)

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The two athletes performing the salute are Tommy Smith and John Carlos.

Peter Norman from Australia is the 3rd athlete on the podium.

They had planned to both wear black gloves but one of them forgot theirs. Peter Norman suggested that they wear one each.

This is why they raise opposite hands.

As well as black gloves, both Tommy and John took off their shoes showing black socks.

In solidarity, Peter Norman also wore no shoes and the same badge supporting the Olympic Athletes for Human Rights cause.

Due to this political protest, all 3 athletes were banned from ever competing in the Olympics again for their respective countries.

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PSHE KS2 / KS3: Ade Adepitan - Paralympic champion

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PSHE KS2 / KS3: Ade Adepitan - Paralympic champion

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This clip is from the series Spark. Ade shares his personal journey from the polio which took away the use of his legs, to world-class athlete. Suitable for teaching KS2 and KS3 in England, Wales and Northern Ireland and 2nd and 3rd Level in Scotland.BBC Class Clips Video

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Students should consider long-term and short-term goals. Introduce or re-cap the idea of goals being SMART, specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time-specific. Do their goals fit these criteria? If not, can they be adapted to fit? Consider the idea of role models and have students research a role model (sporting or otherwise) to find out how they have achieved a particular success. They should then consider aspects of this individual which they can apply to themselves and their sporting or physical activities.

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PSHE KS2 / KS3: Ade Adepitan - Paralympic champion

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This clip is from the series Spark. Ade shares his personal journey from the polio which took away the use of his legs, to world-class athlete. Suitable for teaching KS2 and KS3 in England, Wales and Northern Ireland and 2nd and 3rd Level in Scotland.

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Anti-racism: What does the phrase 'Black Lives Matter' mean?

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Anti-racism: What does the phrase ‘Black Lives Matter’ mean?

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You’ve probably heard lots of people using the phrase ‘Black Lives Matter’, but where did it come from, what does it mean and why is it important?

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Do you know these UK black heroes?
To enjoy the CBBC website at its best you will need to have JavaScript turned on. For more help please visit the CBBC FAQ We collect information on how quizzes are used so we can make them even better. Find out more BBC

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Blue Peter - Do you know these UK black heroes?

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Each October it's Black History Month and to celebrate we have put together a fun quiz highlighting the lives of nine inspiring Black Britons ❤️

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Students explore rhythms and music through dance.

Carnivals celebrate Caribbean culture and communities. They happen in the Caribbean and lots of different places around the world, at different times of the year.

The Caribbean is made up of thousands of islands – some big and some small – with sandy beaches and lots of sunshine. People might have heard of some of the famous islands, like Jamaica and Cuba.

At Carnival, everyone gets together for an energetic parade with colourful costumes, dancing and music. You might hear reggae music from Jamaica, and calypso music from Trinidad and Tobago, which might include steel drums.

People will enjoy lots of tasty food too. Caribbean food is full of strong flavours, and it uses different ideas from foods found all around the world to make delicious dishes.

Other types of carnivals happen around the world too, celebrating different things. They also usually involve parades, dancing and music.

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Watch a film with your class, see below film suggestions (www.scouts.org).  After the film divide your class into small groups and provide them with discussion prompts to help them explore their views and understanding of the film.

For example:

Who was your favourite character? Why were they your favourite?

What do you think the most important part of the film was?

How did the film make you feel?

Can you describe the film in three words?

Why do you think it’s important to have black main characters on screen?

If your film was about a particular aspect of black history, what was the most interesting thing you learned?

Did anything surprising happen in the film?

Would you recommend this film to a friend? Why or why not?

Film suggestions (U rated)

Princess and the Frog (2009). A waitress who dreams of being a restaurant owner tries to help a frog prince who wants to be a human again. Things don’t go to plan when she kisses him, so she has to race against time to fix things before it’s too late.

The Wiz (1978). An adaptation of The Wizard of Oz that tries to capture the essence of the African-American experience.

Home (2014). An alien on the run from his own people makes friends with a girl. He tries to help her on her quest, but sometimes he just gets in the way.

Film suggestions (PG rated)

Kevin Hart’s Guide to Black History (2019). Kevin Hart highlights the fascinating contributions of black history’s unsung heroes in this entertaining and educational comedy special.

Hidden Figures (2016). The story of a team of female African-American mathematicians who played a vital role in NASA during the early years of the US space program.

Hairspray (2007). Teenager Tracy Turnblad teaches 1962 Baltimore a thing or two about integration after landing a spot on a local TV dance show.

The Karate Kid (2010). A single mother moves to China with her young son, Dre, because of her work. Dre meets a maintenance man, a kung fu master who teaches him the secrets of self-defence.

Film suggestions (12 rated)

Black Panther (2018). T’Challa, heir to the hidden but advanced kingdom of Wakanda, must step forward to lead his people into a new future and confront a challenger from his country’s past.

Gone Too Far! (2013). British teenager Yemi, who lives in London, meets his brother Ikudayisi, who’s just arrived from Nigeria, for the first time. They struggle to accept each other for who they are.

Belle (2013). This film is inspired by a true story. Dido, the mixed-race daughter of a Royal Navy Captain Sir John Lindsay, is raised by her aristocratic great-uncle Lord William in eighteenth-century England.

Film suggestions (15 rated)

Malcolm X (1992). This biographical epic follows the controversial and influential black nationalist leader from his early life and career as a small-time gangster to his ministry.

12 Years a Slave (2013). Solomon Northup, a free black man from upstate New York, is abducted and sold into slavery.

Pressure (1976). A British-born son of an immigrant family from Trinidad finds himself adrift between two cultures.

Yardie (2018). A crime drama film directed by Idris Elba, following a young Jamaican man who’s never fully recover from the murder of his brother. Yardie is based on the novel of the same name by Jamaican-born writer Victor Headley.

Moonlight (2016). A young African-American man grapples with his identity and sexuality while experiencing the everyday struggles of childhood, adolescence, and early adult life.

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Work together to achieve a shared goal, and explore how it feels to be on the receiving end of differential treatment.

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Work together to achieve a shared goal, and explore how it feels to be on the receiving end of differential treatment.

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Create a timeline of Black British History

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Create a timeline of Black British History

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This timeline activity is great for teaching young people about key events in Black British history.

Divide pupils into group to learn and explore about key dates, events and role models who have shaped our black history in the UK

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Create a project and ask pupils to study a local role model (see Kent Black History Makers) or prominent figure in UK black history (see school resources).

Ask pupils to choose a notable figure that they probably haven’t heard of before but have fascinating backgrounds and history.

Some examples include Georgia-Mae Fenton, British Artistic Gymnast, Sarah (Sally) Bonnetta Forbes, raised as Queen Victoria goddaughter and more ....

Allow students to research their chosen figure and create an “exhibit” that can be showcased either in your classroom or virtually.

Encourage pupils to share the exhibits with their whole school community.

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Can you copy the person in the middle in this traditional Jamaican children’s game?

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Delilah was a deer and had a young fawn called Finley. Delilah and Finley went everywhere together: to the park, to the doctors, and to the shops. But today, they were going to the food market.

The market was full of sights, sounds, smells - and lots of people. Finley had never been to the market before and was very excited to explore.

Delilah and Finley moved to the first stall, belonging to Pei Pei the panda. There were lots of foods that Finley had never seen before - all different shapes and colours. Pei Pei offered Finley a crispy golden parcel.

'Would you like to try a spring roll? They are from my home in China.'

Finley took a long look at the spring roll. He slowly shook his head and said: 'I don't think I will like that. I don't have them at home.'

Finley turned away and moved to the next stall, which was covered in tiny biscuits. This stall was owned by Kai the kangaroo. Kai bounced over, and Finley asked what the biscuits were.

'These are Anzac wafers,' Kai explained. 'They are sweet crunchy biscuits that I learned to make from my mother in Australia. Would you like to try one?'

Finley carefully looked at the Anzac wafers and slowly shook his head again. 'I don't think I will like them as I don't have them at home,' he said.

Finley moved again to another stall, owned by a fluffy white poodle called Pascal. Before Finley could see what Pascal was selling, he had waggled over.

'Bonjour, my little friend!' Pascal barked. 'Are you hungry? Please try my ratatouille, made from fresh vegetables! I learned to make this at my home in France.'

Finley was a little surprised and quickly said, before hurrying back to Delilah: 'I don't think I will like that as I don't have it at home.'

Finley found Delilah with bags full of food. Finley was very sad. He had gone to the food market and eaten nothing. He wanted to go home.

In the evening, Delilah called Finley down for his dinner. When Finley came to the table he found all the people he had met at the market ready to eat dinner with him. Delilah had invited them so Finley could try all the new food at home.

Finley slowly took a bite out of Pei Pei's spring roll. Then he nibbled one of Kai's Anzac wafers. Then he slurped a spoonful of Pascal's ratatouille. Finley paused, before looking up and smiling.

'I really liked that,' he said. 'Is there any more?'
By Chris Allerton

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Can you copy the person in the middle in this traditional Jamaican children's game?

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Watch the video and see if you can answer the following questions:

Who was the first black policeman?

What was he known as?

Who was the first black woman MP?

Who was London’s first West Indian headteacher?

Who was the first black male journalist on TV?

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Black Britons who paved the way | Black History Month 2020 | Newsround

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Learn about these inspiring men and women.
National Geographic Kids

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Scientists, engineers, and inventors find the solutions to the world's problems. Learn about the work that these Black scientists and inventors have accomplished that make our lives better.

George Washington Carver was an agricultural chemist who gained acclaim for his discovery of alternative farming methods. Carver is best known for his discovery of uses for the peanut. Among the products Carver developed from peanuts were soap, face powder, mayonnaise, shampoo, metal polish, and adhesives-but he did not invent peanut butter.

Known as a "human computer," Dorothy Johnson Vaughan was part of a team that did mathematical calculations to help launch satellites-and later humans-into space. The group used math to help engineers figure out how wind and gravity affects aircrafts.

When she was first hired to work on the space program, Vaughan's department was segregated, or separated, by race. She and the other African-American women in her unit used separate dining areas and bathrooms. Six years after she was hired, Vaughan became the manager of her division and its first Black supervisor.

A decade later, the agency desegregated and she joined the Analysis and Computation division, where she learned computer programming and worked on the program that launched John Glenn and other astronauts into space for the first time. The accomplishments of Vaughan and other female African-American mathematicians was the focus of the book and movie Hidden Figures.

Mark E. Dean is one of the top engineering minds at the International Business Machines (IBM) Corporation. He made his first mark in the industry in the early 1980s, when he and a colleague developed a system that allowed computers to communicate with printers and other devices. Every time you print something, you can thank Dean.

In all, Dean holds 20 patents, and was honored as one of the "50 Most Important African Americans in Technology" by the California African-American Museum in 2000. Dean wants to help increase awareness of the contributions of Black engineers to both the engineering industry and the African-American community.

Before her 30th birthday, Mae C. Jemison had received two undergraduate degrees and a medical degree, served two years as a Peace Corps medical officer in West Africa, and was selected to join the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's astronaut training program. Her eight-day space flight aboard the space shuttle Endeavour in 1992 established Jemison as the United States' first female African-American space traveler.

Percy L. Julian is known as the "soybean chemist," for his extraordinary success in developing innovative drugs and industrial chemicals from natural soya products. The firefighting solution he devised, known as "bean soup," helped save the lives of thousands of sailors and naval airmen during World War II. His discoveries earned him more than 130 chemical patents and many professional awards.

His spirit lives on in dozens of lifesaving discoveries, as well as in the halls of Percy L. Julian Junior High School in Oak Park, Illinois. Julian was quoted as saying, "I have had one goal in my life, that of playing some role in making life a little easier for the persons who come after me."

Sarah Breedlove Walker was an inventor and businesswoman, and became one of the largest employers of African-American women of her time.

Often know as Madame C.J. Walker, she manufactured beauty products for other African-American women using formulas she developed after working for a pharmacist who taught her chemistry. Her popular hair-softening cream and shampoo helped heal dry skin and other itchy annoyances that were common in the early 1900s because indoor plumbing wasn't widely available.

Walker's company hired and trained thousands of Black women to sell her hair-care products in shops, by mail, and door-to-door. This helped many become more independent during a time when job opportunities for women were limited.

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Black Scientists and Inventors | Black History Month

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Learn about these inspiring men and women.

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DAWN BUTLER: A celebration of Black History Month is important because there was a time when black history was ignored. It's important that we spend the time looking at black history in all of its forms, so from inventors to creators to thespians to everything. I'd like to actually see a time when we no longer have to celebrate Black History Month that is celebrated constantly and continually. I'd like to see that time when it's continually celebrated. It's important, because I learn a lot during Black History Month. I meet different people. I talk to different people. I always learn something new about somebody I didn't know about. It's important. Black History Month is important. But I hope there will be a time when we'll no longer have to do it in just one month.

HERMAN OUSELEY: I think it's very important that Black History Month is commemorated, it's celebrated, because what it does is brings to a wider audience the knowledge about black people's contribution, not only to British society, but throughout the whole world. One of my earliest experiences when I was 12 years old walking in the streets of Peckham in South London where I live, was people saying to me, we didn't win the war for you people to come here and take our homes and our jobs. And I was only a 12-year-old. So I felt very astonished by it. And the fact of the matter was, I was totally ignorant about who contributed to the war. And indeed, black and ethnic minorities peoples contributions-- thousands, hundreds of thousands of black and Asian people died in the Great Wars. Black History Month offers us all the opportunities to learn.

KWASI KWARTENG: I think it's very important to understand black history, because that's an essential part of the British story. And if you look at the British empire, it's very much shaped the world we live in today. And one of the legacies of empire was multiculturalism. And a consequence of the end of the empire was that a lot of people from the outskirts of the empire, If you like, came to Britain for various reasons-- to find work, to make a living. And I think the modern Britain that we have today is very much a legacy of that. And I think Black History Month has a crucial role in explaining and making people understand.

DAVID LAMMY: It's really important to celebrate Black History Month. And not just for black people, but for all people, because through those stories-- Rosa Park insisting on sitting where she wanted to on a bus, Martin Luther King, Mandela, the black experience-- all the people who are successful in our own country-- through that, all of us, whatever the color of our skin, we take a universal story of triumph, of social justice, of perseverance, and of achievement and of fighting racism.

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Importance of Black History Month in the United Kingdom

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Learn about the importance of Black History Month in the United Kingdom.

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Every February, people in the United States celebrate the achievements and history of African Americans as part of Black History Month.

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'Been Here From the Start' song | Horrible Histories: Black British History | CBBC