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Colombia declared independence from Spain. It marks the birth of the country.

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Simón Bolívar’s troops defeated the Spanish. It secured Colombia’s independence.

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Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Panama united. Key moment in Latin American unity.

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The union broke apart. Colombia became a separate republic.

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Civil war between liberals and conservatives. It devastated the country.

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Panama separated with U.S. support. Colombia lost key territory.

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Riots after Jorge Eliécer Gaitán’s assassination. It started decades of violence.

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Bloody civil conflict between political parties. Over 200,000 people died.

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A new democratic constitution was enacted. Strengthened human rights and democracy.

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Government signed peace with guerrilla group. It ended decades of armed conflict.