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“Salt March: Definition, Date & Gandhi | HISTORY.” HISTORY, 10 June 2010, www.history.com/articles/salt-march.  Teekah, Ethan . “Indian Independence Movement | History, Summary, Timeline, Causes, & Facts | Britannica.” Encyclopædia Britannica, 8 Mar. 2025, www.britannica.com/topic/Indian-Independence-Movement.

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Mahatma Gandhi decided to break the silence and fight for the Indians' rights by leading the famous Salt March. It all started from March 2nd, 1930, informing Viceroy Lord Irwin that he and the others would begin breaking the Salt Laws in 10 days. In exactly 10 days, on March 12, 1930, Gandhi led several dozen followers on a walk of an estimated 240 miles down to the coastal town of Dandi on the Arabian Sea. During the march, Gandhi and his supporters broke British policy by making salt from seawater, defying against the law that indians are not allowed to make salt. Along the way, Gandhi addressed large crowds, and day by day, there were more people joining him for the march. This is an act of nonviolent resistance because there weren't any forces involved during the protest and Gandhi along with even thousands of others worked together by protesting and resisting, defying laws and led a peaceful march to fight for their rights. Mahatma Gandhi had partially suceeded, but actions also come with consequences.

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Pletcher, Kenneth. “Salt March.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 14 Dec. 2015, www.britannica.com/event/Salt-March.

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Significance of Salt In Salt March and British Colonization Era

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Significance of Salt In Salt March and British Colonization Era

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Salt was a daily necessity in India during the British Colonization Era. It was a vital daily necessity, making the injustice applied to everybody. Salt was significant at that time because it destroyed local economies and people who rely on collecting and selling salt as a business opportunity. Because salt was vital and there was extremely high taxes on salt, Indian's couldn't have daily access to salt, and salt is what helps bodily fluids flow properly and enhance health overall. All in all, the Salt Act from the british prevented Indians from daily access to salt, making it a challenging time to survive.

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Predictions for the future for the resource of salt-Bin

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Predictions for the future for the resource of salt-Bin

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I predict that salt continues to being one of the most important essential for industrial resources and more. With the widespread use for example like chemical manifucatiing, food preservation, nd water treatment, salt has a lot of use. Salt is really important to roles like producing products likes soda, clorine, and more, which are used in glass , textiles, and more. The global demand for salt remains really strong, for example like countries The U.S, China, India, here there are lagre manufacuring drives. Although the use of salt is really important it also have some enviormental issue. The large amount of salt used for road salt, especially like in the winter, had led to rising sodium level in soil, drinking water sources, harming the ecosystem and health. Researcher and local goverments have explore solutions and ways to use salt that is less harmful. As demand of salt is stilll strong, future strats is need to balance out ndustrial needs, and enviormental.

source: https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/07/climate/road-salt-water-supply.html

https://www.marketresearch.com/Ken-Research-v3771/Global-Industrial-Salt-Outlook-40697671/

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There is a big possibility because there are a lot of growing challenges related to salt like health crises, food insecurity, and also economic slowdowns that could happen because of the inavailability of salt. Because these problems are extremely common, conflicts are likely to break out. For example, countries with high population like India and China need salt to fulfill the basic needs of their citizens. Many African Nations liks Ethiopia, nigeria, and Sudan have high dependance on imported salt because they struggle with deficiency disorders due to lack of salt. Countries that produce more salt might face political pressure or attacks from others in desperate need of salt, therefore there will be a lot of ongoing conflicts about salt.

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Evauation of nonviolent resistance and Millatery Intervention on San Elizario Salt War-Bin

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Evauation of nonviolent resistance and Millatery Intervention on San Elizario Salt War-Bin

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The conflict strategy in the San Elizario Salt War was really ineffective and it escalated the sitation worst. evaluating the 2 strategy, millatery intervention and noonviolent resistance shows how both strategy had a short term impact but fail to have a stable solution. For millatery intervention, it was used by Howard and the Texas rangers to forcefully get Howard's back his claim to the salt flat. While millatery intervention can sometimes in cases get restore or protect legal rights, in Howard's case it's really bad. The Rangers were poorly trained so it really impacted them because, they were outnumberd, and going in a community where most of the population strongly hate them. Instead of making the situation less intense, when the rangers were there it made the situation worse by their resistance and it led to violent. The death of Howard, and others, and how the other rangers retreat shows how without a large group of people engaging, it can lead to the ranger's and Howard's plan being backfire. In the end I evaluate that millatery intervention in this case was really bad since, it really bad the tension between the Hispanics, and Howard and the rangers, worse. The secound strategy was nonviolent resistance. I think that i evaluate this strategy a bit more better, although it wasn't really the primary strategy. When locals took Howrd hostage, and demanded him to give up his claim, they suceed with a short term sucess. Howard was forced to pay the sum and giveup his rights to the salt falt. But this soon got escalated as Howard then return and killed one of the Hispanic leader. After Howard's murder, the nonviolent actions were then turned violent, and the hispanic both lost control over the salt flat and salt resource. Over I evaluate this strategy as it's better than millataery intervention but, it still made the sitation worse.

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Strats to usd to resolve conflict in the San Elizario War-Bin

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Strats to usd to resolve conflict in the San Elizario War-Bin

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Some of the conflict strategies used in the San Elizario War were military intervention and a kinda of nonviolent resistance. The reason why I think there was nonviolent resistance was because in the beginning, it started with the local Hispanic population resisting the rights of Salt flat to howard by capturing him. This early action, which was nonviolent resistance because Howard was held hostage, they didn't kill him but forced him to remove his rights to the salt flat, and pay a sum, and he was then soon released. Though taking hostage might seem violent, in my opinion, in this case, it was more calm and quiet (nonviolent) and was more focused on negotiation, through pressure. However, the problem soon got worse as Howard returned, killing one of the local Hispanic leaders, showing a violent response from the community, and showing military intervention. It got worse as Howard then came back with LT John Taze and a group of 20 Texas rangers to get control and protect his interest for the salt rights. This was a clear example of using armed force to take over control of the salt flat and showing military intervention. The rangers weren't neutral peacekeepers but like I said, there got was to get control over the salt flat and protect howard's interest in the salt. The Rangers showed millatery intervention attempt to resolve the convlict of the salt rights.

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“The Future of Nonviolent Resistance.” Harvard.edu, 2020, www.hks.harvard.edu/publications/future-nonviolent-resistance. Accessed 18 May 2025.   Chenoweth, Erica. “The Future of Nonviolent Resistance.” Journal of Democracy, July 2020, www.journalofdemocracy.org/articles/the-future-of-nonviolent-resistance-2/.

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Nonviolent Resistance is one of the most used conflict methods all over the world and it's global influence is expected to grow, as seen in recent mass protests all over the world like "Freedom for Palestine" or "Black Lives Matter". Nonviolent resistance in the future can be more effective as well because most countries are now independent, with more understanding and easygoing government systems, but there are still risks it will become less effective because states may develop more sophisticated ways to stop nonviolent resistance without military intervention. This will go on for many more generations as this nonviolent resistance has been found effective in different time periods like during Gandhi's salt March, Martin Luther King Jr. with the Civil Rights Movements, and recent ones like the 2019 sudanese uprising.

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San Elizario Salt War (1877–1878), a range war in the United States-Bin

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San Elizario Salt War (1877–1878), a range war in the United States-Bin

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After the civil war, the local Hispanics on both sides of the border held fast to their traditional community rights to the salt deposits, which were vital for preserving meat and more. But in 1866, the Texas constitution allowed people lto ay claim to mineral rights in the area, and many of those claimants were Anglos. The struggle was then on with a mix of racial, ethnic, and national tensions over. By 1877, a Virginia man named Charles Howard had a claim to the salt lake on behalf of his father-in-law. Howard had a local Texan to back him up and was planning to charge the Hispanic for the salt he claimed. But the thing is, the locals weren't having it. In October of the same year, a few hundred Hispanics took Howard hostage, holding him up for 3 days. He was then let go, after paying the sum of $12,000 and giving up his rights. Howard was then released but then came back to settle things, killing one of the Hispanic leaders. Once again, Howard was then captured, barely escaping a furious gang boss out for blood, yet on December 12th, 1877, he returned once more, but this time he wasn't alone. Howard brought Lt. John Taze with him and a 20-man squad of Texas Rangers. Their objective was to protect Howard and to claim the salt from Howard. But they didn't know what was about to come to them. Out of the 5,000 people who live at San Eliario, only about 100 of them were Anglos. The Hispanics held over the region, except for the local government offices, and had a much larger force, especially in the number of rangers. The rangers were hardly trained and lacked any real unity. When Howard and his lawman ride into San Elizario, they are met with overwhelming forces of armed Hispanics. Seeing that they were going to be defeated and outnumbered, the group held up in the town's church. After a 2-day standoff, Taze surrendered, marking the only time in ranger history, a unit gave in to an oppressive force. The gang boss then captured Howard again, Ranger Sergeant John McBride, and merchant John Atkinson; the 3 were then executed. Their bodies were then chopped to pieces and thrown into a well. After the 3 deaths, the remaining rangers fled the town. The Anglo leaders of San Elezerio then escaped and went to the border into Mexico to save their hides and never returned. Meanwhile, they left, gangs and mob bosses destroyed buildings, and ravaged the town. In the end, the Hispanics won the battle and lost the war. The Hispanics then lost power, and the population was smaller, losing their control over the salt flat. The overall reason why salt was so important in the war was that the ownership and control of salt mines and salt flats in the area led to a full-blown conflict, underscoring the economic importance of salt even in the new world.

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCOkOSyyGgE, https://www.miragenews.com/history-of-salt-and-unforeseen-uses-beyond-1010514/

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Scientia Educare. “The Salt March: A Turning Point in India’s Freedom Struggle.” Knowledge and Educational Portal, 11 Jan. 2025, scientiaeducare.com/study-notes-on-the-salt-march-gandhis-iconic-protest/#google_vignette. Accessed 18 May 2025.    Hayasi, Nadya. “A Pinch of Salt and the One of the Largest Nonviolence Movements in India: The Salt March of 1930.” The Nonviolence Project, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 19 Aug. 2021, thenonviolenceproject.wisc.edu/2021/08/19/salt-march/.

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Evaluation of Nonviolent Resistance During the Salt March - TL

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Evaluation of Nonviolent Resistance During the Salt March - TL

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Gandhi's salt march was one of the most famous nonviolent resistance acts of the 19th and 20th centuries. However, all resolutions all come with consequences, including positive and negative consequences.

First of all, Gandhis speech was undoubtedly remarkable, and brought attention to international countries. This peaceful nature attracted international attention, which increases the pressure on the British government. Furthermore, the march united people acrss different backgrounds, which strengthens the movement and shows that people can come together for independence. This march was one of the reasons why India gained its independence because Gandhi's act inspired more people to achieve their conjoined goal : independence. The positive impacts of the march don't just end at this time period, it also inspired future eloquent leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. to fight for their own rights using nonviolent resistance and peaceful protest.

Although the salt march has many positive consequences, it also has it risks and its fair share of negative consequences. First of all, all of the protestors faced arrests, beatings, and impisonment without the ability to fight back because the British were the powerful ones in this situation. Around 60,000 protestors were jailed and 2,500 were brutally attacked and beaten by the police. In the heat of the moment, people might only interpret this as damage to the physical health, considering the fact that people were jailed up to a year, it has significant impact on mental health too, as it can provide eternal trauma. Another thing to consider is that nonviolent resistance takes a lot of time to work and the salt march did not immediately change British policies, even though it did somewhat contribute to the independence of India.

In conclusion, although the salt march took a long time to get in effect and thousands of people had to sacrifice themselves, its impact is mainly positive. The sacrifice of thousands of people ultimately lead to a better future for the millions and eventually billions of citizens India right now.

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Salt has always been an important resouce. Since hundreds ( or eventually thousands of years ago) Salt has been an important resource to people as it is seen as a great sacrafise to give up. In fact, salt was a nessesary of life in the acient times used by many cultures, and seasoning, preservation, disinectant, for ceromonial offerings and unit of exchange. Salt has been used for thousands of year from food preservation to seasoning. Salt's ablity to preserv food was founding contributor to. the development of civilization. It helped elimintae dependence on seasonal avalability of food, and made it possible to transport food over large distances.

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Salt plays an important role in maintaining a person's health. It is the main source of sodium and chloride ions in a person's diet. Sodium is an essential nutrient for nerve and muscle function. It is also involved in the regulation of fluids in the body. Salt is one of the oldest and most common seasonings and is known to improve the taste perception. Not just that salt is important to humans, but salt is also important to the economy. Salt is like a food preservative. The reason why salt is so important to the economy and businesses is that up to 2% of salt is used to preserve cheese, butter, 6% to preserve meat, and up to 20% is used to preserve fish. This shows how salt is also really important to the economy for business and the economy because salt is a crucial need to a lot of food businesses to preserve their product, and is always in high demand.

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Salt plays a crucial role in maintaining proper health and maintaining normal body functions like : electrolyte balance, fluid regulation, regular muscle function, and nerve transmission. Today, it is used in multiple food products and it helps add seasoning to your food, increasing the taste and deliciousness.

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Salt

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“Salt March: Definition, Date & Gandhi | HISTORY.” HISTORY, 10 June 2010, www.history.com/articles/salt-march.

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The Salt March, Defying 1882 British Rule on India-TL

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The Salt March, Defying 1882 British Rule on India-TL

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In 1882, Britain's Salt Act prohibited Indians from collecting or selling salt, which was a staple in their diet. Instead of selling or collecting, they were forced to buy salt from the British rulers, who also charged an extremely heavy tax for salt. This affected every citizen since salt was a staple in their diets and especially the poor who suffered the most under the heavy tax set. Since India were under immense British rule, no one would be able to step up until during the 1930s.

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Throughout different areas, not similar today where we mainly use salt for seasoning, salt was used for many other purposes. First of all during the early days, salt was used for the preservation of food. The Ancient Egyptians often used salt to dry fish, and preserve fish, which was a staple food in Egyptians' diet. Other from preserving food, the ancient egyptians also used salt in mummification, which helped preserve the body. Next was payment. Since the word "salary" got its roots from the latin word "Salarium", the salary was used to buy salt.