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Explanation of Genes, DNA, and Chromosomes

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Explanation of Genes, DNA, and Chromosomes

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A gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA which codes for a molecule that has a function.

The DNA is the bare strand. The DNA refers to the double helix with the phosphate and sugar backbone, and encompasses each individual unit of a gene.

A chromosome is a lot of DNA coiled together into different dense shapes. The gene is a subunit of a chromosome, as the chromosome consists of many hereditary parts. One chromosome might contain DNA for hair color and eye color.

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Full Name: deoxyribonucleic acid
Shape: double helix
Other Information:
1. The four bases are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine
2. The sugar is called deoxyribose
3. Adenine only pairs with thymine and cytosine only pairs with guanine.

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Full Name: ribonucleic acid
Shape: single helix
Other Information:
1. The four bases are adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine
2. The parts of the RNA are the bases, the phosphate group, and the ribose sugar
3. Adenine pairs with uracil, cytosine pairs with guanine.