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level water rise
rise temperature
no food
more emission as more ppl will switch on air con which require more electricity
Govt are stricter with amount of emissions so less countries willing to invest in our country if restrictions are strict

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Kyoto Protocol
Pros: Kyoto Protocol reduced 16% emission during the fall of the Berlin Wall. It's a step towards conserving the environment by nations around the world. Smaller nations would take larger nations as a role model and subsequently make efforts in preserving the environment.
Cons: Although there is a targeted greenhouse gas emissions by the nations, some of the countries just knowingly exceed the limit as cutting down the emissions would end up hurting the economy even more. As such, some nations such as China exceed the limit and smaller countries take this as an excuse to exceed the limit as well. Thus, the Kyoto Protocol is not exactly as efficient as it was intended to be.

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- increase in prices of electricity to discourage excessive use
- promoting use of solar energy
- energy efficiency: producing goods in an energy efficient way. companies are encouraged to use more energy-efficient tech bc there are no energy subsidies provided
- planting more trees
- strong pollution control laws
- holds forums like Word City Summit to find solutions for a more livable and sustainable future

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- recycling

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Solar energy being promoted by  the Singapore Government , cutting down cost for research and improve efficiency of solar panels
Singapore  also has higher carbon emissions as it has become an industralised country
Plant A Tree Program - 70000 trees to be planted
Energy efficiency is one strategy adopted by Singapore as Singapore wants to produce goods in an energy and carbon efficient manner

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No.
- it was not actively enforced even after its implementation
- not all the countries in the world participated and some of the ones that did were countries that rely heavily on production in their economy like china which were unable to cut down on carbon dioxide production
- it will also not work as a model for future treaties since it did not produce the results that it aimed for

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1) After learning about our planet’s climate situation, how do you think climate change will impact Singapore’s economy and its progress in the future?

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1) After learning about our planet’s climate situation, how do you think climate change will impact Singapore’s economy and its progress in the future?

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Singapore has released a national climate change strategy document which outlines the country's plans to address climate change through a whole-of-nation approach.

The key elements of Singapore's climate strategy include reducing emissions across sectors, building capabilities to adapt to the impact of climate change, harnessing opportunities for green growth and forging partnerships on climate change action.

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Every year the Singaporean government will plant a certain number of trees and other flora in order to greenify the environment and reduce carbon dioxide emission into our atmosphere. The con of this is that the effects will take too long to surface, and it is very unnoticeable in the short run.

Singapore holds forums such as World Cities Summit to find solutions for a more livable, sustainable future. The 6th World City Summit will be held from 6 – 12 July 2018.

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No:
It is not binding to the countries as there is no 'global police' to enforce the treaty
It is very disadvantageous to some countries as not all countries have to agree
It is dependent on big countries, if none of the big countries follow it, smaller countries will also not follow it
Some countries such as China are not as willin g to cut down emission as it will mean that they have to cut down on prodjction activities

yes
even if it is not binding some countries are still contributing and playing a part in cutting down greenhouse gases emission.

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Singapore is not insulated from the impact of climate change. From 1972 to 2014, the annual mean temperature has increased from 26.6°C to 27.7°C. The mean sea level in the Straits of Singapore has also increased at the rate of 1.2mm to 1.7mm per year in the period 1975 to 2009.

Rainfall has become more intense in recent years. According to Singapore's Second National Climate Change Study, there has been a general uptrend in annual average rainfall from 2192mm in 1980 to 2727mm in 2014.

In 2001, the first recorded cyclone near the equator, Typhoon Vamei, swept north of Singapore and caused major flooding in the region. It is uncertain whether such tropical cyclones near the equator will occur more frequently in the future.

Sea level rise
As a low-lying island, the rise in sea level poses the most immediate threat to Singapore. Much of our nation lies only 15 m above the mean sea level, with about 30% of our island being less than 5 m above the mean sea level.

Water resources
An increase in the intensity of weather variability could present significant challenges to the management of our water resources. Periods of drought can affect the reliability of Singapore's water supply, while sudden episodes of intense rainfall could overwhelm our drainage system and lead to flash floods.

Biodiversity and greenery

A mean temperature increase of 1.5°C to 2.5°C could affect the natural diversity of Singapore's plants and animals at risk, as this alters our ecosystem’s natural processes such as soil formation, nutrient storage and pollution absorption.

Effect on public health
Singapore is situated in a region where vector-borne diseases are endemic. Most cases of vector-borne diseases like dengue are observed during warmer periods of the year. In addition, frequent and severe instances of warm weather may lead to more occurrences of heat stress and discomfort among the elderly and sick.

Urban heat island effect
Urban areas tend to be warmer due to the replacement of natural land cover with buildings and other infrastructure that retain or produce heat. Higher annual temperatures can also lead to heat stress as well as greater use of air-conditioning, increasing Singapore’s energy demands. This in turn results in higher domestic carbon emissions.

Food security
The effects of climate change, such as intense storms, flooding and prolonged droughts, are one of the trends threatening global food security. In Singapore, we are particularly vulnerable to fluctuations in global food supply and prices, as we import more than 90% of our food.

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2) Based on Singapore’s national circumstances, how do you think Singapore addresses climate change? 

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2) Based on Singapore’s national circumstances, how do you think Singapore addresses climate change? 

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3) Is the Kyoto Protocol a good treaty to combat global warming as well as a model for future treaties?

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3) Is the Kyoto Protocol a good treaty to combat global warming as well as a model for future treaties?

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1) May reduce amount of oil being refined in sg = lesser income for us
2) Rising sea levels may eventually drown any further infrastructures we try to build, since singapore is a low-level island
3) Recent weather has become colder than usual, there was rain every single day, causing more accidents to happen on roads
4) Wet weather and rising temperatures allow for more mosquito breeding, allowing more diseases to plague us, affecting our work force and economic development
5) Singapore may try to protect the climate by taxing big companies in order to reduce their environment damaging actions. This may deter foreign investors from investing in Singapore and decrease economic development for us.