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Phase change is what it is called when a piece of matter changes forms.

Connection:
- Phase changes occur between solids, liquids and gases
- some phase changes are melting, freezing, condensation, evaporation, etc.

Examples:
- Melting
- Freezing

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The concentrated solution is the thicker solution made by adding more solute.

Connections:
- Only applies to the solute

Example:
- You have two cups of kool - aid. One has 10g of powder mix in it and the other has 5g. The 10g cup is the concentrated solution.

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The Diluted solution is the thinner solution that is made by adding less solute

Connections:
- Dilute is a certain kind of solution

Example:
- You have two cups of kool - aid. One has 10g of powder mix in it and the other has 5g. The 5g cup is the diluted solution.

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A solute is the substance that is dissolved in the solvent in order to make a solution.

Connections:
- One component of a solution
- can either be concentrated or dilute
Examples:
- Salt in salt water
- sugar in sugar water

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The Solvent is the substance that does the dissolving. Water is the universal solvent.

Connections:
- is one component in a solution
Example:
- Water in salt water
- Water in sugar water

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Evaporation is the phase change when a liquid turns into a gas.

Connections:
- A phase change from liquid to gas
Example:
- Lake water turning into gas in the air

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Condensation is the phase change when a gas turns into a liquid.

Connection:
- A phase change from gas to liquid

Example:
- When the gas in a water bottle turns into bubbles on the side.

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Boiling is when a liquid bubbles and turns to vapor both on the surface and inside.

Connections:
- This occurs only in liquids

Example:
- when you're making pasta, the pot of water on the stove starts bubbling. That means it is boiling.

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Melting is the phase change when a solid becoming a liquid.

Connections:
- a phase change from solid to liquid
Example:
- ice becoming water

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Freezing is the phase change when a liquid becomes a solid.

Connection:
- a phase change from liquid to solid

Examples:
- water turns into ice cubes

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Chemical Change happens when an object has new or changed substances and properties.

Connections:
- new substances are formed or substances were changes

Examples'
- Burning paper
- hard boiling an egg

In this video you will see paper burning. What used to be paper turns into ash, carbon dioxide, and other new substances.

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Physical Change occurs when the form of the object changes, however no new substances were created or changed.

Connections:
- some of the physical properties stay the same

Examples:
- cutting paper
- Ice scream melting
- breaking a pencil

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An amorphous solid is a or structure where the particles are not arranged or organized in a certain pattern or design.

Connection:
- A certain type of solid

Example:
- Cotton Candy

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Crystalline solids are solids or structures that are arranged in a regular and repeated manner.

Connection:
- It is a certain type of solids

Example:
- Legos stacked in an tower in the order of 1, 2, 1, 2

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The Law of conservation of mass is a principle stating that mass cannot be created or destroyed.

Connection:
- rule only applies to changes in mass

Example:
- If you put vinegar in a cup and stretch a balloon over it filled with baking soda, the balloon would fill with air but the mass would stay the same on a scale.

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A Solution is a homogeneous mixture made by a solute and a solvent.

Connections:
- solutions are always homogeneous  mixtures
- solvent and solute are two parts of solutions

Examples:
- Kool- aid
- steel
- Fruit smoothie.

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A Colloid is a homogeneous substance consisting of large molecules. It has some properties of two phases of matter.

Connection:
- is always a homogeneous mixture

Examples:
- Gel
- Clouds

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A Suspension is a heterogeneous mixture where the particles settle out into layers based on density.

Connections:
- an example of a heterogeneous mixture

Example:
- Oil and water in a cup. The oil will suspend different layer.

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Boiling Point is the temperature at which water boils.

Connections:
- an example of a physical property
Example:
- Water boils at 100 degrees celsius

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Freezing Point is the temperature at which a specific liquid will turn into a solid.

Connections:
- an example of a physical property

Example:
- The freezing point of water is 0 degrees celsius

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Melting Point is the temperature at which a specific solid will melt into a liquid.

Connections:
- an example of a physical property
Example:
- The melting point of solid water (Ice) is 0 degrees celsius

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Density is the amount of mass per a certain amount of volume. Find it by using the formula density=mass/volume

Connections:
- is a physical property

Examples:
- The density of oil is larger than the density of water.

Watch this video to learn more!

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Watch an overview of Lesson 3.1 featuring an activity in which cubes of the same volume but different mass are identified based on their density. Molecular model illustrations are used to show, on the molecular level, why metal, plastic, and wood have different densities. Connections to the NGSS are also highlighted.

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Volume is the amount of space matter takes up.

Connection:
- is an example of a physical property

Example:
- The volume of that cube was 8cm, because the length, width, and height were all 2cm
- The volume of the rubber stopper was 2mL, because when you put it in the graduated cylinder with water the water rised 2cm

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Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

Connections:
- is an example of a physical property
Example:
- The Kool - Aid had a mass of 8.7g

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A Heterogeneous Mixture is a mixture in which the materials that make up the mixture are noticeably different and can easily be separated.

Connections:
- is a certain kind of mixture
- a suspension is an example

Examples:
- Different colored m&m's
- Fruit salad
- Crayon box

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A Homogeneous Mixture is a mixture that is uniform throughout, and the parts cannot easily be separated.

Connections:
- is a mixture

Examples:
- Sugar water
- Kool - Aid
- Steel

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Solids are a form of matter with a definite shape and definite volume. The molecules in a sold or closely packed together.

Connections:
- 1/4 phases of matter
- can either be crystalline or amorphous
- can go through phase changes like freezing

Some examples are...
- Chairs and tables
- paper
- scissors

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Gas is a form of matter with an indefinite volume and indefinite shape. Molecules in a gas are very spread apart.

Connections:
- 1/4 states of matter
- Can be involved with a phase change like evaporation

Some examples are...
- Helium
- Oxygen
- Carbon Dioxide

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Liquids are forms of matter with an indefinite shape and a definite volume. Molecules in a liquid are spread slightly apart.

Connections:
- One of the four phases of matter
- can boil
- can be involved with a phase change like melting

Some examples are...
- Apple juice
- Water
- Dish soap

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A Pure substance is a substance made up of only one atom or molecule.

Connections:
- matter can be classified as either a pure substance or a mixture
- chemical changes involve new substances being formed

Examples:
- pure sugar
- pure iron

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A mixture is a substance made by mixing other substances together.

Connections:
- matter can be classified a a mixture or a pure substance

Examples:
- metal
- lemonade
- cookies

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Can be classified as:

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Can be classified by physical properties

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Can be found in four phases

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Can be classified by it's chemical properties

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Matter is anything that takes up space and has a mass