# data[].attributes.body
when the waves are normally on top they will be shown on the bottom

# data[].attributes.body
up and down on an EKG

# data[].attributes.body
chemical on the ends of a swab stick to cleanse area for venipuncture

# data[].attributes.body
improves quality of life

# data[].attributes.body
organization to provide safe and effective care
- example: sentinel event
- causes severe harm or death to patients

# data[].attributes.body
Lead I: right arm and left arm (looks at heart from the left)
LeadII: right arm and left leg (inferior left view)
Lead III: left arm and left leg (inferior right view)
- reads the heart at different levels

# data[].attributes.body
a walking EKG, external pace maker

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Electronic Health Record: digital form of patients records

# data[].attributes.body
selects the leads we need results from

# data[].attributes.body
adjusts the height of the waves

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controls the speed of the paper

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calibrator, the ink that creates the lines in the EKG

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Infants - lancet

Lightheaded - remove tourniquet, stop collection,
cold compress, protect from falling

Sterile bottles/blood culture first

Then coagulation, then chemistry

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light headed
- head between knees
nauseous
- get basin

# data[].attributes.body
slide 89

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dermal and venipuncture

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semen
sputum

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If you miss one collection, you have too start over

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Specimen contamination – failure to adhere
to aseptic technique

Hemoconcentration – leaving a tourniquet on
for too long

Storage – 39.2-77 degrees F

If draw too little, it could cause inaccurate
results

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Some necessary clotting

Clotting caused by past expiration date

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Caused by shaking or pronlonging
transferring specimen from syringe to a tube

Transport vertically to prevent hemolysis

Prevent hemolysis small-volume tube with
small diameter needle

Clotting caused by past expiration date

# data[].attributes.body
Detects use of cocaine, opiates,
amphetamines, methamphetamines, and
phencyclidine - prenatal drug exposure and
neonatal abstinence syndrome

Requires obtaining specimens for analysis
within 24 hours after childbirth to detect
recent drug use

# data[].attributes.body
Detects use of stimulants to enhance
athletic performance

Encourages regulation of nutritional
and dietary supplements

Analyzes blood and urine to detect
blood doping or use of erythropoietin

# data[].attributes.body
Can be mandated

Compliance with federal regulations, customer
contracts, and insurance carrier requirements

Company’s no drug use policy

Minimizes risk of hiring employee who uses
drugs

Disciplinary actions

Improves safety and health of employees

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Marijuana within past week

Cocaine, heroin, and others within past
2 days

Do not measure degree of impairment

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Some might require monitoring of urine collection and chain of custody

Make sure to follow all of the facility’s policies include location, time, date, and personnel where test was performed

Not flush, check temperature and volume within 4 min

Send to lab asap

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Forensic analysis

drug testing

Blood alcohol content

DNA analysis

Rape tests

BAC - legal 0.08%

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Label

Place in biohazard bag with a permanent
seal to verify it has not been tampered with

Considered legal evidence

# data[].attributes.body
Name and identifying information of where or
whom the specimen came from

Name of person who obtained and processed
specimen

Date, location, and signature of person attesting
to specimen is correct one and matches
documentation

Signature and date from every person who had
possession of specimen for any amount of time

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Maintains control and accountability for each specimen from time of collection to disposal

Documentation must occur each time a specimen changes to a new person

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- Allow alcohol to dry completely
-Use appropriate gauge of needle
- Stop collection if hematoma forms
- Avoid forceful squeezing or milking during
dermal puncture
- Avoid vigorous mixing
- Avoid pushing plunger and forcing blood out
during a syringe transfer
- Handle specimens gently during transport
- Avoid freezing or thawing specimen in
transit
- Make sure correct order of draw
- Mix each tube properly
- Transfer specimens promptly from syringes
-Do not use past expiration dates – causes
clotting
- Purge the air out of a winged infusion set
needle tubing by using discard tubes
- Remove tube when reached fill level
- Use correct technique to minimize clotting
- Use correct tubes
- Understand and interpret requisitions
- Protect light and temperature sensitive
specimens
- Avoid using alcohol when instructions say
not to do so
- Label all specimens accurately and
completely
- Label immediately following venipuncture

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- Basal state
- Fasting status
- Condition of venipuncture site
- Sclerotic veins
- Scars
- Find other site
- Stress - increase of WBC, decrease in iron, abnormal
hormone levels
- Menstrual cycle

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Occur any time before analyzing the specimen 

# data[].attributes.subject
Occur any time before analyzing the specimen 

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Easy to miss

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- uncommon
- inflammation of a vein after many uses of the sam vein for venipuncture
- if vein is tender, warm, or red choose another vein

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- rare
- risk with any invasive procedure

# data[].attributes.body
- common
- localized collection of blood under skin due to the wall of the blood vessels being pierced
- usually disappear within a few days

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- rare
- numbness or pins and needles
- the needle might have injured a nerve

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- beforehand- wait a few minute to see if resolved before proceeding
- have a basin or trashcan nearby
- do not leave a nauseous patient unattended
- apply a cool compress to their head or back of the neck
- inform the nurse if the patient vomits and ask how they want you to proceed

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- during blood collection- stop procedure immediately and seek emergency attention
- document time seizure onset
- do not restrain patient or place anything their mouth
- remove everything in the general area to avoid injury
- stay with patient until emergency personnel has arrived
- provide as much privacy as possible
- will need several minutes to recover

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- not dangerous- unpleasant and can be upsetting
- tiny hemorrhages that look like small red or purple spots on the skin

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- clot
- occurs when the PCT does not apply sufficient pressure to the venipuncture site

# data[].attributes.body
- minor physical reaction
- your priority is to keep the patient safe
- usually resolves on its own within a few minutes

# data[].attributes.body
- fainting
- uncommon
-can fall and injure themselves
- rare occasions- may develop an arrhythmia or a stroke during a syncopal episode

# data[].attributes.body
- severe sweating
- sign of nausea, syncope, or panic attack
- ask them how they are feeling and offer them a towel, but avoid bringing attention to the sweating
- do not leave the patient alone
- observe the patient for other signs of complications and notify the nurse

# data[].attributes.body
- cold clammy, and pale skin: rapid pulse: increased shallow breathing and a blank stare
- call for help
- make sure they have an open airway
- keep the patient warm and safe until help arrives
- try to lower head below their body