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According to Jack Mezirow, learning can change people's perpective, that is, problematic frames of references can be changed to more inclusive and open perpective. So, it aims change the problematic ideas to the more inclusive, open and emotional thoughts.

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This is an approach of multicultural education. It aims thinking critically about injustice, inequality, oppression and influence of the power. It encourages students to ask critical questions. In order to do that students critical consciousness should be enhanced. So they can realize that when they struggle, they can change the society. They analyse the social situation, they become aware of ther power to change and they take actions.

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It is another form of transformative learning. It uses education to realize problematic situation and it is centered around the transformation process. The main purpose of critical pedagogy is to provide the opportunity to liberate all people. Namely, critical pedagogy is the pedagogy of hope.

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These three ideas are interrelated. For example, transformative learning advocates individual change and critical pedagogy advocates social change, but every self-related individual will also contibute to change of society. These three ideas that act together, taking into account the criticism of each other.

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There is variation in all three ideas. Changing the point of view on events, thus breaking the stereotypical thoughts is in the foreground. The common goal for all three ideas is to create a comfortable, designed, equal, open and fair educational and social environment. They argue that action should be taken to change society in this direction.

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Critical multicultural education is more general definition. But there is an obvious difference between critical pedagogy and transformative learning. We can define this difference as according to transformative learning if the children change, the society changes. But according to critical pedagogy, the important thing is to change the society directly.