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This chapter is focusing on communication. Can people be successful at work if they are only proficient and skillful in their technical areas of expertise?

Question:
1. What is small talk?
2. What are safe topics for small talk at the workplace? Provide examples.

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Celeste Headlee: 10 ways to have a better conversation | TED

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What You Didn’t Know About Fresh Graduate Unemployment in Malaysia 

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What You Didn’t Know About Fresh Graduate Unemployment in Malaysia 

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Find out the truth behind why fresh graduates are unemployed in Malaysia and learn what you can do to increase your employability!

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There are a few barriers when it comes to communication:
a) Semantic barrier
b) Cultural barrier
c) Physical barrier
d) Psychological barrier
e) Physiological barrier
f) Perception barrier

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Effective communication in the workplace is not always straightforward and barriers can easily get in the way. They cause messages to become distorted, subsequently leading to confusion, misunderstanding and even offense in some cases.

In this article we discuss barriers to workplace communication and how to overcome them.

Summary of barriers to communication

Physical barriers to non-verbal communication. Not being able to see the non-verbal cues, gestures, posture and general body language can make communication less effective.

Psychological barriers, for example someone with social anxiety and/or low self-esteem may be too distracted about how they are perceived when talking with a superior.

Emotional barriers. Some people may find it difficult to express their opinions on such as politics, religion, disabilities (mental and physical), sexuality and racism.

Jargon and acronyms. Companies often have their own jargon and acronyms which new employees may struggle with.

Lack of attention, interest and distractions to the person listening.

Differences in perception and viewpoint.

Physical disabilities such as hearing problems or speech difficulties.

Differences in language and unfamiliar accents.

Expectations and prejudices which may lead to stereotyping.

Cultural differences. The norms of social interaction vary greatly in different cultures, as do the way in which emotions are expressed.

Physical barriers

Physical barriers may prevent an individual from being able to interpret non-verbal cues. This is more common in communication methods relying on technology rather than face-to-face. Other physical barriers include:

Old or broken equipment or office phone systems used for communication

Uncomfortable temperatures

Background noise

Poor lighting

Communicating close to the time of your break/ lunch/ end of work hours

Large work areas or working in an area that is physically separated from colleagues

Closed doors

Large geographic distances between the sender and the receiver - communication is usually easier over shorter differences

Open office spaces are becoming popular as they provide employees with their own workspaces while also removing visible barriers between colleagues that can interfere with communication.

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Psychological barriers

The psychological state of the speaker and listener can affect communication, for example:

Someone who suffers from social anxiety and/or low self-esteem may be too distracted about how they are perceived when talking with a superior. They may be worried about whether their manager will notice that they're nervous, they may find it difficult to share their real thoughts etc. Afterwards this person may realise they can't remember what the manager said because they were too distracted with their thoughts.

Anger can lead to saying things you regret and misinterpreting what others say.

Organisational structure barriers

Companies with unclear structures can make communication difficult. For example, they may have an inefficient information sharing and communication system, employees may not know what their role is in the communication system etc.

If a company has a complex structure with lots of management levels, information will be lost or distorted as it travels through each layer of the hierarchy.

Perceptual barriers

Differing opinions and views can reduce objectivity. You may enter a conversation assuming that the listener will not understand you or be uninterested in what you're speaking about - this may consequently lead you to unintentionally harming your message, such as, using dismissive language or trying to be more humorous.

Or you may be the listener that doesn't agree with the speaker's beliefs so you choose not to listen properly or you look for faults in what they're saying rather than trying to understand.

Attentional barriers

The listener may not pay enough attention to what is being said, perhaps they're distracted, or uninterested or they think the speaker's topic is irrelevant. This is very common in written communication, such as not reading the minutes from a team meeting. Communication is two-way; without paying attention and actively listening you will not understand the message.

Too much information

Providing someone with an overwhelming amount of details can confuse them and distract from your message. This is especially the case if the message has a lot of information that is new to the receiver.

Make sure you avoid information overload in meetings, where people can easily switch off.

Emotional barriers

Emotional reactions from either or both the speaker and listener can prevent effective communication. It's difficult to put aside and not act on our emotions but it's necessary. Try to work out what words, topics etc. can trigger your strong emotional reactions so you can create a plan for managing them.

A common emotion, in regard to communication, is fear. People often have the tendency to think that their opinions don't matter in the workplace or that people will negatively judge them if they speak up. But this isn't the case and it's likely that others around you will also feel too afraid to say anything so they'll respect you when you do speak up. What is valuable to you will be valuable to another person.

Cultural barriers

Cultural barriers can interfere with communication in a variety of ways:

The norms of communication vary between cultures, such as, personal space. It's important to find common ground in these situations.

People may form assumptions based on stereotypes of the other person's culture (cultural noise).

Work cultures differ between companies which means you have to adapt to your company's culture to communicate effectively.

Assumptions, jumping to conclusions and premature evaluations

Forming a judgement before listening to everything the speaker has to say distorts your understanding. People often hear what they're expecting which can lead to false conclusions.

Semantic and language barriers

There may be:

Language differences between the speaker and the listeners

Difficulties in understanding unfamiliar accents

Uses of: jargon, unfamiliar/regional expressions, specialist abbreviations, slang, technical terminology

All of the above can exclude others and lead to misinterpretations or even offense so you need to speak in a direct and clear way to be understood.

Interpersonal barriers

Low self-esteem and prejudices can prevent you from forming relationships and connections with others due to your false perceptions. To overcome this you need to communicate more with others to increase your confidence and learn about your strengths and weaknesses.

Physiological barriers

Impaired eyesight, hearing problems, illness and pain can interfere with effective communication in the workplace.

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Lack of similarities

To clarify your points it's common to use examples and stories. However, their impact is reduced if: the other person does not find these relatable, they don't have the same knowledge or the same experiences as you.

Also, information is filtered on a personal level using our experiences and beliefs. The more similar somebody is to you the more likely they will view things in the same way. So speakers with different socioeconomic backgrounds to their listeners must be careful to tailor their speech to their audience.

Ambiguity

Being vague in your explanations and using too many generalisations or proverbs can lead to unclear communication and misinterpretation.

Status

Communication may suffer from selective communication. The top of a company's hierarchy may not share certain information to subordinates for fear of being judged as incompetent and they want to reinforce status differences.

Subordinates tend to share only information that would please their superiors and avoid sharing their mistakes and asking for further clarification on work.

Shortage of time

There may simply be a lack of time to convey information effectively.

Resistance to change

People may want to maintain the status quo so when, for example, a speaker tries to provide ideas involving a change, people may ignore or oppose it.

Credibility barriers

People are more likely to listen to a message if the sender has a credible and trustworthy reputation. Without this credibility, receivers may be suspicious, resistant or even hostile towards communication.

In summary

To communicate effectively in the workplace you need to be aware of these barriers and try to overcome them. Developing empathy can be particularly helpful for this, as it's easy to get frustrated at the other person involved in the conversation, thus reducing the quality of the communication.

Empathy increases your patience which allows you to be thoughtful and come up with solutions in an effective and calm manner.

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Barriers to Effective Communication in the Workplace

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Effective communication is not always straightforward and barriers can easily get in the way. They cause messages to become distorted, subsequently leading to confusion and misunderstanding. In this article, we describe these barriers to communication.

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Table 1:
1. Meals
2. Family Matters
3. Movies
4. Experience
5. Profession
6. Sports
7. Travelling
8. Event
9. Parking
10. Smoking Area

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1. Working experience - asking their experience so far in the company and about the workload that is handle by the department which is something that quite common done with senior manager or co-worker.

2. Health and safety - Because employees should be aware of how the day's work will be completed, who is responsible for what, and the overall safety procedures.

3. Food - It is one of the best small talk topics, since almost everyone loves to eat. Ask which restaurants they’d recommend and the dishes you should order.

4. Weather or the traffic - As a conversation starter with a little creativity can spark engaging discussion.

5. Talk about the weekends - We can ask what they do in the weekend, where did they go in the weekend and what are usually routines that they do in the weekend.

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1. How's your weekend?
2. What do you want to eat for lunch?
3. How's the traffic?
4. How are you today?
5. How are you liking the weather today?
6. Any plans after work?
7. What are your hobbies?
8. Where do you usually buy your office supplies from?
9. Any recommendations on what I should get for my friend's birthday?

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1.What did you do in your last job?
2. About current situation for example about the weather this morning. Maybe number of cases of covid-19.
3. vacation or weekend trips
4. what's the funniest thing that's ever happened to you here?
5. how do you get free shipping shopping in lazada
6. Latest show in netflix or tv
7. What you have for you dinners yesterday?
8. have you take your vaccination
9 do you think we got to celebrate raya this year
10. quarantine experiences of close contacts of Covid-19

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SAFE TOPICS
1) Traffic jam
2) Today’s weather
3) Daily covid-19 cases
4) Breakfast and Lunch (what are you having)
5) Previous workplace

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1. Staycation
2. Food
3. Entertainment (depends)
4. Wedding
5. Party
6. Sight seeing
7. Games
8. Situation at Offices

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1) Food is one of the best small talk topics, since almost everyone loves to eat. Nearly everyone consumes fast food. Fast food is popular because the food is inexpensive, convenient, also tastes good. For example, Mc Donald and KFC

2) Up-to-date on news or topics that relevant on to the department or industry. For example salaries and annual leaves.

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Group Members: (Room 3)
1. Faris Azlin
2. Ikhmal Fikry
3. Ainaa Farzana
4. Aishah Farhah
5. Syafiq Adha
6. Suffiah Shapiro
7. Shangkari Shankar

Group Answers:

1) Emotion
- Personally, when it comes to communicating with other, if one tends to use their emotions, they are actually being genuine to their feelings committing to the conversation. Thus, it would definitely create a much more meaningful talks amongst each other.

2) Experience
- In a group of people who are conversing, sharing each and every one of their experiences in life is definitely a good way to keep the conversation going. It also let everyone voice out their opinions and start exchanging ideas.

3) Education Background
- When it comes to communicating with others, it would be best if we knew an indicator on the other person’s educational background. This is to avoid any kind of misunderstandings during the conversation itself.

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Age - level maturity where we can have a respectful and polite conversation with older people compare with people in our  own age group

Education background -  Can have better conversation when talk about things that within their studies

Experience - boost confidence level when initiating a conversation

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Nadzrin
Irsyad
Thanuja
Aisyah
Amirul
Luqman
Faris

1. Age - As we grow older we learn how to communicate in a more respectful way. Moreover,  A person's age can be predicted with fair accuracy by speech characteristics including voice tremor, pitch, speaking rate, loudness, and fluency. When we were younger sometimes we simply talk without thinking that it would affect someone's feelings. As we grow older we become more mature.

2. Family background - Basically, children learn from what they see, hear and feel. For an example, by influencing a child, you build their self-concept, self esteem, and verbal skills that are necessary to be able to communicate effectively.

3. Experience - A person's past experience plays a big role in shaping their perception of communication.  Past experiences can include anything from someone's childhood to something they did last week. Throughout life people encounter experiences that leave them with either negative or positive impressions, which form their attitudes and opinions of what they see in the world. One's past experience may be the reason why the act the way they act, do the things they did.

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3 Factors from personal Characteristics 

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3 Factors from personal Characteristics 

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1. KANAGESH
2. SANTHIYA
3. TASEETHA
4. EFY
5. VITHYAA
6. DHARSHINI
7. RAVIEN

1.Age : makes a difference because certain people developed mentally at different rates. It takes a certain amount of maturity in the brain for two people to communicate on the same 'wavelength'. Also some younger service users may find it harder to communicate with a older service user as they could feel intimidated or worried that the older service user may judge, this is also the same for an older service user talking to a younger service user.

2. Gender affects communication because men and women think differently although there are times when they can be perfectly in tune with one another. Also women and/or men may find it hard to communicate with the opposite gender, or they may even find it hard to communicate with the same sex. This could be to do with issues or experience which they have had in the past.

3.Education Background: Good education provides a student with ample exposure to use of good language. Definitely this reflects in that person’s communication style as most of our linguistic habits are internalized almost unconsciously. As a person gets to listen to use of good language, is encouraged to read good books and participate in different discussions and other such activities, his communication skills develop automatically.

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SUFINA,IRDINA , KARMILA ,JOHANNA ,HAZIQAH , ANISAH ,IRFAN , SYAZMEIN , DANIAL

Experience
-adventurous person usually does extreme activities because they crave the adrenaline rush. They test the boundaries in their workplace , relationship , travelling or even gambling out of luck. For example , a wanderlust person likes skiing in Switzerland when other people normally would stroll in the city.
- Some people have different point of view about gambling. There are risk-averse and risk tolerant people. At a point , an expert gambler may take a calculated risk and still loses his/her bet but a random person who try it for fun hit the jackpot. The ecstasy is immeasurable so people must be open-minded when it comes to game of luck cuz anything is possible and plausible.
- Experience can also change a person's perception of certain topics therefore it affects and influences conversation.

AGE has an effect in conjunction with other factors that overlap and interact.
-A younger person may be less inclined to be assertive when speaking with an older person, but that might also be due to their culture.
-An older person may struggle to understand serious or sarcastic intention in how a younger person communicates,

Emotions
- influences the tone and flow of the conversation
- being too emotional can stir the main purpose of conversation especially in a professional setting
- in a light-hearted conversation, emotions can make you seem to be bias on a different concern that it turns the main objective away from the topic being conversed
- people tend to make mistakes in conversation when the emotions take over as words can be hurtful.
-people could give out sympathy and empathy when they let out their emotions as to seek help

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PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AT THE WORKPLACE

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PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AT THE WORKPLACE

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VERBAL COMMUNICATION - 'I' STATEMENT ACTIVITY

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VERBAL COMMUNICATION - 'I' STATEMENT ACTIVITY

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Please watch the video on Workplace Communication.            1.  What is workplace communication?
2. What can be considered as effective workplace communication?
3. Identify the advantages & disadvantages of workplace communication.

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Question 2 Answer
Provide clear information - should provide clear and accurate information it can avoid confusion within the work place

Refrain from gossip -  listen and smile, and get back to work. Gossiping gives people a negative impression of you and can cause problems down the line. Gossip also gets in the way of effective workplace communication because it has a negative impact on relationships with co-workers.

Talk face-to-face - Perhaps the most tried and true way to avoid miscommunication is to talk face-to-face. If your team is virtual speaking via video conferencing also works. Face-to-face communication is particularly important if you know a conversation is going to be hard. Tone can be difficult to communicate through writing so ideally, you want your team member to be able to see your facial expressions and body language.

Question 3 Answer
Advantages
1. workplace communication improves worker productivity
2. workplace communication can increase employee job satisfaction
3. workplace communication can also have a positive effect on absenteeism and turnover rates

Disadvantages
1. workplace communication can lead to the 'snowball effect' in worker actions
2.  workplace communication can lead to worker burn-out or information overload

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Kanagesh
Vithyaa
Taseetha
Santhiya
Dharshini

1. What is workplace communication?
- transmitting of information between one person or group or one group organization.

2. What can be considered as effective workplace communication?
- Utilising communication to increase worker productivity and job satisfaction and lower absenteeism and job turnover.

3. Identify the advantages & disadvantages of workplace communication.

Advantages

- Workplace communication improves worker productivity.
- Workplace communication can increase employee job satisfaction.

Disadvantages

- Workplace communication can lead to the snowball effect in workers action.
- Workplace communication can lead to worker burn out or information overload.

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Efy
Anisah
Arinah
Shangkari
Nasrin

2. What can be considered as effective workplace communication?
Clarity is one of quality to effective workplace communication. This occurs when the message gets across to the other person. Completeness is also one of the qualities. Communication in workplace can be considered as complete when the right person received the messages that the person intended to share with.

3. Identify the advantages & disadvantages of workplace communication.

Advantages

1.Improve worker productivity

2. Increase employee job satisfaction

3. Positive effect on absenteeism and turnover rates

Disadvantages

1.lead to snowball effect in worker affect

2.lead to worker burnout or information overload

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Irsyad
Ravien
Thanuja
Nursyafiqah
Nabilah

Question 1
Workplace communication is the transmitting of information between one person/group and another person/group in an organization. For an example emails, text messages, voicemails, notes.

Question 2
1.Have an open communication policy in on organization.

2.Downward communication should be used to inform and educate employees on corporate news and events and to combat rumors and problems

3.Upward communication should be allowed by management so employees can ask questions, submit suggestions and offer different points of view.

Question 3
Advantages

1.Workplace communication improves worker productivity

2.Workplace communication can increase employee job satisfaction

3.Workplace communication can also have a positive effect on absenteeism and turnover rates

Disadvantages
1.Workplace communication can lead to the 'snowball effect' in worker actions

2.Workplace communication can lead to worker burn-out or information overload

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Group Members:
1) Faris bin Azlin
2) Ikhmal Fikry bin Mohamad Rafee
3) Faris Irfan bin Badrul Syahfendy
4) Muhammad Harith bin Zaini
5) Aishah Farhah binti Ahmad Mazli
6) Ainaa Farzana binti Mohd Nahar

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GROUP 4

MUHAMMAD DANIAL HAIQAL BIN RAJMAN

HAZIQAH UMAIRAH BINTI ZOLKARNAIN

ADIB IMRAN BIN SHAFII

JOHANNA JASMIN BINTI ABDUL MANAF

NADIRATUL SYAKILA BINTI WAHID

HASIF ISKANDAR BIN ABDUL AZIZ

1. What is workplace

communication?

Transmitting of information between one person or group and another person or group in an organization such as emails, text messages, voicemails, notes, etc.

2. What can be considered as

effective workplace

communication?

It can be considered as effective workplace communication when it can motivate employees, increase productivity of employees and decrease absenteeism and turnover.

3. Identify the advantages &

disadvantages of workplace

communication.

ADVANTAGES:

a) Workplace communication improves worker productivity

b) Workplace communication can increase employee job satisfaction

c) Workplace communication can also have a positive effect on absenteeism and turnover rates

DISADVANTAGES:

a) Workplace communication can lead to the 'snowball effect' in worker actions

b) Workplace communication can lead to worker burn-out or information overload

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Group members:
1. Iyzairil Nasyriq Bin Ibrahim Samsi
2. Irdina Hanni binti Khairil Azhan
3. Karmila binti Zulkarnain
4. Irfan Aqil b Nasri
5. Sufina Salleh
6. Faris Amin

1.  What is workplace communication? :
Workplace communication is the transmition of information between a person , group and an organisation. The medium used for this communication are emails , text messages, notes and memos.

2. What can be considered as effective workplace communication? :
- Smooth upward and downward information makes employees feel secure and make the company be able to survive with time.
- if the direction or effect of communication brings positive impact like motivating stuffs to do the same work together or to have strong camaraderie , then it is effective. It can be seen from the actions and products produced by the employees.
- Strategize a solution to a problem and appoint a person based on their skills for a task. Then communicate your specifications according to the sequence.
-Employees have feeling secure that they're receiving truthful and updated information from their superiors superiors.
-Should the mission is carried out secretively, ask coveted questions to your opponent .The other teammates should understand where the conversation is going and what their teammates are trying to lure (important information) .Deductive question shall ensue and the group must pretend like they do it out of curiosity rather than spying.

3. Identify the advantages & disadvantages of workplace communication.
Advantages
- improves worker productivity
- increase employee job satisfaction.
- a positive effect on absenteeism and turnover rates.

Disadvantages
- can lead to the 'snowball effect' in worker's actions. when an employee quits, the workers who share the same sentiment, might quit as well.
- information overload, can overwhelm, cause burn out and slow the employee's productivity

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FARHANIM NABILA BINTI GHAZALI
TENGKU SYARIFAH NAJIHA BINTI MOHD HAFLAN
NURBALQIS BINTI NORSAIDY
MOHAMAD AFIQ IKHWAN BIN AHMAD
ANGESHWARAN A/L PARUMAH

1.  What is workplace communication?
Transmitting of information between one person or group and another person or group on an organization.
It is vital to an organization's ability to be productive and operate smoothly.

2. What can be considered as effective workplace communication?

Communication help us on reduced misunderstanding since we need to communicate with colleagues at workplace. Thus, it can increase productivity at the workplace and reduced absenteeism and turnover.

3. Identify the advantages & disadvantages of workplace communication
Advantages;
1. workplace communication improves worker productivity
2. workplace communication can increase employee job satisfaction
3. workplace communication can also have a positive effect on absenteeism and turnover rates

Disadvantages;
1. workplace communication can lead to the 'snowball effect' in worker actions
2.  workplace communication can lead to worker burn-out or information overload

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Umesh A/L Sivalingam

Siti Nur Aishah Binti Mohd Azam Shah

Amirul Ariffin Bin Ahmad Aminuddin

Ahmad Nadzrin Bin Roslan

Muhammad Luqman Bin Md Sarip

Sarvambigai A/P Paramesivan

1.  What is workplace communication?

Workplace communication is a transmitting of information between one person/group and another person/group in an organization which can include emails, text messages, voicemails, notes and more. It is vital to an organization's ability to be productive and operate smoothly.

2. What can be considered as effective workplace communication?

To consider a place that has effective workplace communication is to be in a place where information is exchange clearly whether it is non verbal or verbal. In today’s society, with the pandemic becoming an endemic. An effective workplace is via Zoom, Meet, Teams or Discord. Having these modes of communication will have the same impact as being in the same room with other colleagues.

Also, by having an open communications policy. For example, downward communication should be used to inform and educate employees on news or events and to combat rumors or problems. Meanwhile, upward communication should be allowed by management so employees can ask questions, submit suggestions and offer different point of view.

3. Identify the advantages & disadvantages of workplace communication.
ADVANTAGES:

Workplace communication improves worker productivity.

Workplace communication can increase employee job satisfaction (upward & downward communication)

Workplace communication can also have a positive effect on absenteeism & turnover rates.

DISADVANTAGES:

Workplace communication can lead to the 'snowball effect' in worker actions.

Workplace communication can lead to worker burn-out or information overload.

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Interpersonal skills are those we use every day to communicate and interact with others, including listening, speaking and questioning skills. They are the foundation for success in life.

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- Strong interpersonal skills will enable you to talk to and work with all types of people, including managers, coworkers, and customers.
-It helps you to develop relationships with people. Strong relationships with the people you work with will help you succeed in the workplace.

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Sample Situations for Assertiveness Exercises and Training

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Perhaps office etiquette is something that differs from office to office and place to place. Even if this is true, comprehending basic etiquette in the workplace helps things run a bit smoother. Even if we know what social etiquette is, in an office setting, it is a little different when it comes to expectations.

What is office etiquette and why is it important? Office etiquette is simply defined as basic manners in the world of business. It is important because it cuts down on stress and conflict between coworkers, which ultimately affects the company's success.

Even though office etiquette is considered basic manners, some people need to be informed on what he is she should or should not do in the workplace. The benefits of learning etiquette in the office are many. It is likely that encouraging better workplace manners will create a better culture.

Basic Etiquette and Importance

Many workplace etiquette rules align with basic human decency, i.e., be kind, don't steal, and avoid raising your voice. While these are some of the glaringly obvious etiquette standards, there are a variety of other tips that will make the office environment better for everyone.

Meetings are common events in any industry. If attending a meeting be sure to pay complete attention to whoever is speaking. This means that you should not be speaking to your neighbor, texting, emailing, or playing a game on your phone. Also, be sure that your phone or tablet has been muted to minimize distractions. Avoid doodling and spacing out. Ensuring that the meeting moves along smoothly will boost productivity.

Proper office etiquette online comes into play when trading work emails. By responding to emails as quickly as possible, an employee can not only ensure that the necessary information is provided to complete projects on time, but also proves that the project is important. It's also courteous to reply as soon as possible. Leaving the sender hanging does nothing but raise more questions and waste time.

Be sure that common areas or conference rooms are not being utilized to take personal calls or turn into your office space. Allow common areas to remain in common areas. Keep conversations at an appropriate volume and recognize if you might do something to distract another employee from his or her work.

Consider the idea that others in the office may be sensitive to smells. This means avoid spraying (or wearing) perfumes or colognes, think about the smell your lunch might bring, and be sure to practice good hygiene. When people are working long days in one space, lingering smells are not generally pleasant.

Clean up after yourself. While it should not be your mother's job to pick up after you, it is most definitely not the purpose of your coworkers. Not only should you clean up any messes made in the common areas like the kitchen or lunchroom, but your office space should be tidy as well. If coworkers have to spend any amount of time in your space, or if they simply have to look at it, it should be well-kept.

Although working while sick can display your dedication to the job, it can also get others sick. It is not a form of good office etiquette to come to work coughing or sneezing. The transfer of illness between coworkers is a way to diminish staff for the life of the illness. If you absolutely must work while sick, ensure that hand sanitizer and disinfectant is used regularly, tissues are thrown in the trash, and your mouth is well-covered when sneezing or coughing. The spreading of germs is not good for any office, so measures of prevention should be taken seriously.

Respecting the privacy of others is also an important aspect of basic office etiquette rules. This often starts with the company defining appropriate boundaries when it comes to conversation and touching. Considering the feelings of coworkers is a big part of respecting the privacy of others. Think about how he or she might feel about the questions you ask before asking, or how they might respond to stepping into his or her personal space.

Just because you would be comfortable with a coworker sitting on your desk does not mean that someone else might. Be tolerant of others' views and ideas on what he or she is comfortable with. Consideration of other cultures and personalities is key to having an effective and cohesive team. Work as a team by treating coworkers like teammates.

With the inclusion of work etiquette, companies can see a variety of benefits. One of the most obvious of these benefits is the improvement in coworker relationships. With fewer complications between differing personalities, a business will find that the team works together more flawlessly and efficiently. That efficiency translates into productivity.

Utilizing proper business etiquette often allows for more growth within the company. Skills will not be overshadowed by a lack of manners. Communication will be enhanced by common etiquette practices, which in turn displays the ability to handle a number of professional and social situations. Employees that are better at communication are often those that are good at their jobs.

Having a sense of proper etiquette also inspires open minds that are inclusive to diversity. Because of the better relationships established from simple manners, workers are more likely to have great relations with people that are different from themselves. Etiquette provides an avenue for people of different races, religions, genders, sexual orientations, and more to listen to different ideas and thoughts - that benefit alone branches out into a number of other benefits from a diverse team.

Perhaps one of the biggest advantages of office etiquette is how are moves beyond the workplace. Sometimes you might find yourself shocked at the lack of manners that others display in public. However, if companies were to make etiquette a priority, it can be difficult to turn off at the end of the day. Well-mannered employees would just become well-mannered people. That benefits everyone, not just the company.

The understanding that office etiquette is simply common manners and should be made a priority in a work setting is key to developing a strong team and brand image. While these kinds of manners may seem common sense to most, there has been a disconnect in some situations that call for the expectations of employee manners to be specifically defined. The next question that arises is, how do companies define the expectations of employee manners? Learning how to approach this is often vital to the success of a business.

Incorporating Office Etiquette

Despite the previous assumption that etiquette is common sense, developing specific rules and expectations surrounding the topic is the best way in which a company can ensure that employees understand how they are to act in an office setting. By having written expectations, confusion can be avoided between cultures. It is also ideal to incorporate some office etiquette training so that employees are more prepared for proper work behavior.

By defining the most common etiquette rules in the employee handbook, workers will understand the basics of what is expected of them. While it is most likely impossible to include every single rule regarding behavior in the workplace, it is a starting point. Company leaders can do a variety of things to encourage better manners at work.

Management should start by leading by example. If the higher-ups have the ability to get through a meeting without checking his or her phone, it should be possible for those further down the corporate ladder. On the flip side, a manager that is constantly looking at his or her phone or taking personal phone calls is one that encourages employees under him or her to do the same.

Even if a working group is incredibly close, be sure to use professional language - cursing in the work environment can slip into swearing in inappropriate work situations. By communicating efficiently and without added, unnecessary slang or lingo, a manager and his or her employees can be ready for business conversation when the need arises.

In addition to proper language and actions, training should be offered to all members of the organization. Unfortunately, most companies only put their senior most employees through business etiquette training. However, the benefits that a company would discover when all employees are trained can inspire the inclusion of all employees.

Training in etiquette can be as simple as going over specifics in a company-wide meeting or as expensive as hiring an outside company to do the process for you. Typically, outside companies are qualified in engaging personnel in ways like role play, group discussion, and written learning or tests. Deciding how to go about training is typically dependent upon the time you have to out into the training and the funds you might have available.

Office etiquette, while something many people simply expect others to have, is often a quality that should be taught. With the differences in culture, generations, and people in general, having employees that understand how they should act can save employees from a number of headaches.

Effects of NO Etiquette

Bad manners in the work environment can lead to a variety of struggles and problems. Although these issues might be small or pass in time, it is important to identify the effects of a coworker lacking etiquette. When we can identify the problem, we are better able to determine a solution.

One of the most obvious issues with a lack of manners in the workplace is anger or irritation. When a coworker is rude or ignores general rules of social etiquette, we might find ourselves with a sour attitude. If the behavior is affecting more than just your work, but also other coworkers, it may be apparent that the behavior needs to be addressed. While ignoring the problem and moving on with your day might be appropriate for issues that bother no one else, upsetting the entirety of the office is not a good work environment.

Taking action against coworkers that lack office manners is the only way to get the behavior to stop. The action taken should not be condescending or rude, as that will make the situation more uncomfortable. Rather, be kind and understanding toward the person committing the offense. Adults should have the capacity to discuss their differences in a professional manner.

Another side effect of bad manners in the workplace is stress. Stress causes a number of health concerns and can alter the course of a work day or performance. By combating stress in other ways, like letting in natural light, drinking enough water, and getting plenty of sleep, it may be easier to deal with the issue at hand. If these natural remedies make no improvements on your overall stress level, organize a short training session or meeting on office etiquette and its effect on stress.

Detrimental effects on the company as a whole can stem from just one employee with no etiquette. Strained relationships in an office setting can diminish productivity and develop a negative image. This is why addressing the matter at hand is imperative. When a talk with the person in question makes no change, nor does a company-wide informational meeting, it may be time to remind the person time and time again - while being realistic about the change. Remember, this person has likely made the issue a habit. Breaking that habit may take some time.

If an employee is unable (or unwilling) to make a change, it may be necessary to take disciplinary action. While the severity of the punishment depends on the specific behavior, it is important to make a change before the bad habit causes irreparable damage. It may seem extreme that a lack of polite behavior can cause such damages, but a toxic environment can cause hard feelings over time.

As previously discussed, office etiquette is, in its most basic terms, the basic understanding of workplace manners. It is an important part of the business office because of its impact on relationships within the company. Defining behavioral expectations is imperative in preventing issues before they start. If problems do arise and become bothersome to coworkers, discussing change is key to improving. Without behavioral change, a business can suffer in the long run.

How should an employee handle a confrontation with a coworker? First and foremost, always go into a confrontation assuming that your coworker had good intentions. Secondly, speak face to face rather than via email, even when uncomfortable. Lastly, think about if the confrontation is really necessary or if you can simply move on.

How can you move past anger or irritation at work? Physically move away from the issue. If something is starting to grind your gears, take a break. Go for a walk outside or put the stairwell to use. Do not approach the issue again until the emotional response has subsided.

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What is Office Etiquette and Why is it Important? | Open Sourced Workplace

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What is office etiquette and why is it important? Office etiquette is simply defined as basic manners in the world of business. It is important because it cuts down on stress and conflict between coworkers, which ultimately affects the company's success.

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Covid 19 has changed the way we work. WFH has become the norm. However, as workers begin to return to the office, there are changes in the way we conduct ourselves professionally.

Discuss with your group members on what can be considered as workplace etiquette for organisations in accordance with the new norm.
You may post your findings here.

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Introduction:
- Interpersonal skills are the behaviors and tactics a person uses to interact with others effectively. In the business world, the term refers to an employee's ability to work well with others. Interpersonal skills range from communication and listening to attitude and deportment.
- Communication skills are the abilities you use when giving and receiving different kinds of information. Some examples include communicating new ideas, feelings or even an update on your project. Communication skills involve listening, speaking, observing and empathising.

About Mr Rizal:
- Rizal is someone who excels at his job as a manager but lack of interpersonal skills
- only been a couple of months in the company, and yet had shown excellent outputs for the company
- does not have any friends from his working circle
- had been alienated by his colleagues
- Has issues with his communication skills
- Quite dictating when it comes to work, and employees must comply with his orders only

Issues Identification:
- Rizal has problems when working and communicating with others
- He can't seem to blend in with his peer colleagues
- He tends to spend his time alone instead of discussing matters with his fellow colleagues
- He expects everyone to obey his orders and also exceed his expectations
- Has issues when it comes to presenting ideas to the team

Suggested Solutions:
1) Giving him advices on how important communication skills are
- communicating with others carry along a lot of advantages
ex: produces better results as a group, create a bond of friendship amongst team members, and reduces stress once you talk to someone about something
- there's a saying where "two heads are better than one"

2) Organize a small activity once a week for the team
- this particular activity can involve mostly games with communication skills
- Rizal might be awkward at first, however consistency is key to creating excellent results
- can build relationship amongst team
- there's a saying of "Practice makes Perfect"

3) Explain the consequences of him not bringing a change to himself
- Colleagues will gradually be annoyed of him, which results in a bad output of tasks
- the presence of awkward atmosphere in the office
- working environment will be demotivating
- through giving examples and experiences, Rizal can then realize and bring himself to a change
- this will allow him to further develop his communication skills

Conclusion:
Individuals can develop interpersonal skills by engaging in a variety of activities. To achieve organizational success, it is critical for any workplace to sustain optimism, productivity, and team chemistry. The development of needed interpersonal skills benefits every member of an organization. If you're a leader or an employer who notices that your employees lack this talent, there are techniques to develop your interpersonal abilities, which we just discussed.

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a) Ask for more training on farming practices, cash handling, and how to provide customer service at the market.
- Firstly, more training on farming practices, cash handling, and how to provide customer service at the market should be asked. The supervisors should give the initiative in helping the interns in order for them to train themselves and be better at their services. Courses, conferences and seminars could be made available so that they can help sharpen their skills. Most supervisors want you to succeed and continue to improve. This training will have a demonstrable, positive effect on the intern's employer, as well as on your personal development and job performance.

b) Commit to doing better at the next market in a conversation with your supervisor. After the meeting, create a plan for how to do better in this job. Start enacting it.
- Also, they can commit to doing better in the next market in a conversation with your supervisor. Asking the senior staff's help by listing down all the important ways in communicating better with customers. One way is to study the produce that was being sold and the farming practices and learn what customers want like, other products that can be purchased for meals.

c) Ask the supervisor for some time to think and follow up on this conversation in the near future. After thinking, come prepared with concrete questions to ask about how to improve your work and observations to share. Ask to collaborate on an action plan and set goals for your performance.
- The first thing the intern needs to determine is to set a goal for their work. Based on its type, they should build their work more competently. Goals that are set to improve work performance will increase the chances of customer satisfaction.

d) Talk to others, such as friends, family, and colleagues about the internship to get advice on what you could do to improve your performance. Apply their advice when and where possible.
- Advice given by experienced people can really improve performance.

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Interpersonal skills involve:
⁃ teamwork & leadership
⁃ Conflict resolution
⁃ Problem solving & decision making

Issues:
⁃ Workload, need more worker
⁃ Limited budget
⁃ All of his departments were not working together well

Solution:
⁃ Have a teamwork; and hire leader for one department. All department have a ability to work with others departments. For example; other department need to clean the mess that their department do.
⁃ Conflict resolution by working with others departments to resolve the conflict and disagreements in a positive way.
⁃ Problem solving & decision making; all departments need to work with others departments to identify, define and solve problems of workload so that Joe no need to hire more worker since they have a limited budget.

Conclusion:
All departments must have one leader to represent as their departments and all department must have a good teamwork skills with other departments.

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Name:
Angeshwaran
Nurbalqis
Farhanim Nabila
Tengku Syarifah Najiha
Mohamad Afiq Ikhwan

how Aden turn this situation into an advantage?
- when Aden join training program to become a leader, he can use it to develop his interpersonal skill such as problem solving, decision making, teamwork, effective communication and conflict resolution from the experienced worker.

how can he become a good supervisor of his older and more experienced workers?
- as he is the younger supervisor in the local manufacturer, he can be a good supervisor by hearing the opinion from senior staff instead of self decision making. sometime, by listening to their opinion it can develop strong relationship with all worker.

how can he better assure that he does not alienate his team members?
- Never Talk Down To Your People.
When the manager starts acting as if they're above the workforce, they're in trouble. A manager must focus on lifting people up and holding them accountable for their actions. The manager must not be above the rules either. They must set the pace and be the leader, even if that means taking responsibility for the actions of others on their team.

Action:
-observe the surrounding workplace of the team member and tried to understand the flow of work. then he need to communicate with team member by doing meeting to get feedback from his colleague.

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·         Introduction

Rizal is someone that technically smart in doing his work but lack of interpersonal skills which is vital in this current era. He is not fitting in so well as he is a poor communicator.

·         Issue

1.    Lack of communication

2.    No confidence

3.    Not assertiveness

·         Solution

1.    Seminar/Training: Have a communication and teamwork activities training which will help Rizal in communicating.

2.    Counseling: Have a face-to-face talk with Rizal on issue of poor communication skills.

3.    Attend each event: Rizal has to attend all event in order to build Rizal’s confident in communication.

·         Conclusion

Poor interpersonal skills will affect our work performance despite of good technical acknowledge which is proven in Rizal’s case as he is a good worker but have poor communication skills. We should encourage people to join in activities that is more towards interpersonal skills as this will help people be able to be well-orientated employee.

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PROBLEM:
1.Both supervisor and intern are unprepared to encounter questions when this is the chance to promote their products.
2.The supervisor expects the intern to know and understand everything without pre-amp so it can downgrade competent intern's esteem.
3.Intern is not proactive to initiate asking questions to manager regarding measurement and pricing.

Supervisors must list the information regarding the product type , ingredient and method of preparation / farming practices during basic training . It is essential to treat the vegans or kosher eaters as fair as we do meat eaters. They should put it in the brochure for the intern  references so they can recall the information .

Customers would ask repetitive questions.To reduce the queue line , the intern must reiterate the information to multiple customers simultaneously . Raise your voice and stare at least at five person to capture their attentions.

It is mandatory for the manufacturer to provide price quotation for the products. The supervisor should request the document as soon as possible to charge the reasonable price instantly at the point of sales.

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Aidan is a supervisor for a local manufacturer but he is younger and less experienced compared to his staff. It takes a lot of effort to rise to the position of manager. If Aden has a misunderstanding about his function, his transition from trainee engineer to lead engineer will be more difficult. The first assignment to manage others is the most important test of a leader's abilities.

How can Aden turn this situation into an advantage?

-        Aidan join the training program to become a leader. It is because he wanted to show and use the skills that he has in himself.

Interpersonal Skills

-        Leadership Skills

-        Effective Communication

-        Teamwork Skills

-        Problem Solving

How can he become a good supervisor of his older and more experienced workers?

-        Encourage teamwork and be observant – observe and show interest to his worker. Spend personal time with the workers. Build relationship based on openness and trust. Encourage team building and focus less on showing authority.

How can he better assure that he does not alienate his team members?

-        Encourage sharing of ideas such as accept feedbacks from workers. This will help to improve performance. The workers will feel empowered and committed knowing their issues are heard. They will be more empowered and less alienated because they will feel like they are part of the team.

Conclusion

-        Show strong leadership, ensure that he listen and take in his worker issue. Discuss and work with his staffs toward a solution. Show to his worker that he cared about department and the wellbeing of his staffs. Focus on problem solving like by identify issues such as imbalance workload, miscommunication at workplace etc. Then proceed to solve it in positive ways.

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GROUP 10 :
1) Ahmad Nadzrin Bin Roslan
2) Amirul Ariffin Bin Ahmad Aminuddin
3) Muhammad Luqman Bin Md Sarip
4) Sarvambigai A/P Paramesivan
5) Siti Nur Aishah Binti Mohd Azam Shah
6) Umesh A/L Sivalingam

ISSUES :
How can Aden turn this situation into an advantage? How can he become a good supervisor of his older and more experienced workers? How can he better assure that he does not alienate his team members?

ANSWERS / SUGGESTIONS :
In order to be a good supervisor, Aden should acknowledge his workmates' experience and expertise publicly. To also give credits to them for their input so it doesn't seem like Aden is bossy. Aden may be more educated than the others but the elder workmates might have more work experiences than him.

Moreover, Aden can also identify which solution or opinion is a much efficient way and effective towards any problem that comes during his time as a supervisor. Always give out pros and cons depending on the situation. However, this would need some sort of non biased system that can lead to a better decision making for Aden.

Besides, for Aden to not alienate his team members, he needs to make the effort to listen to their opinions and thoughts regarding their projects. He will have to negotiate with other workmates if their opinions did not meet his expectations.

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A meeting is when two or more people come together to discuss one or more topics, often in a formal or business setting, but meetings also occur in a variety of other environments.

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1. Provide examples when meetings are considered as ineffective?
2. How has COVID19 change the way we conduct meetings?
3. How do meetings work to shape the organizational culture?
4. What is the connection between quality meetings and quality work?

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The Four Main Meeting Roles And Why They're Important

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Assign these four meeting roles for a quick, effective meeting: Leader, Recorder, Timekeeper, and Participant. Learn who does what, and why.

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The language and sample sentences discussed here can be helpful when you are either running or participating in a meeting in English.

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Business Meetings in English: Role Play and Quiz for ESL Students

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Are you an ESL business student? Check out this example business meeting dialog illustrating how to efficiently move through a meeting in English.

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SAMPLE MEETING - MINUTES OF MEETING (EXERCISE 1)

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SAMPLE MEETING - MINUTES OF MEETING (EXERCISE 1)

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1. Happening and recent news on profitability
-how much
-director's decision on dividend yield or wage increment

2.Project progress
-construction progress
- addition/cutting off unnecessary activities to remedy the problem
-cost-effectiveness of the solution
-employees' opinion

3. Future project
-discuss the profitability and other financial ratio
-plan document and tendership to book the  project ASAP
-update in calendar

4. Inside information
-discuss with employees regarding the BOD's next movement
-plan as a team to get the best project or task that suits the teams' schedule

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https://docs.google.com/document/d/14322vcIeDFlhTLlYX7eYauBjCKqg6Jfx/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=105111278393592265545&rtpof=true&sd=true

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Minutes of Meeting Template Group 5.docx