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Gandhi was a Indian Lawyer. Gandhi was a civil rights activist who believed in world peace and sought independence from Brittan

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She was a civil rights activist along with Martin Luther King. She sat down on a bus and didnt move when a White person told her to move.

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Dr. King was a African American who stood up for his rights and protested to make a change. He would break the laws at the time which would segregate people.

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People think that because the laws are unfair that they have the right to break them

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Civil Disobedience

"Unjust laws exist; shall we be content to obey them, or shall we endeavor to amend them, and obey them until we have succeeded, or shall we transgress them at once? Men generally, under such a government as this, think that they ought to wait until they have persuaded the majority to alter them. They think that, if they should resist, the remedy would be worse than the evil. But it is the fault of the government itself that the remedy is worse than the evil. It makes it worse. Why is it not more apt to anticipate and provide for reform? Why does it not cherish its wise minority? Why does it cry and resist before it is hurt? Why does it not encourage its citizens to be on the alert to point out its faults, and do better than it would have them?" - Henry David Thoreau, Civil Disobedience

Civil Disobedience resources:
Bill of Rights Institute Resources
Documents of Freedom - Civil Discourse and Petitioning

Documents of Freedom - The Civil Rights Movement

American Portraits - Henry David Thoreau
External Resources
Civil Disobedience by Henry David Thoreau (full version)

Letter from a Birmingham Jail by Martin Luther King, Jr. (full text and audio)

Gandhi and Civil Disobedience - Constitutional Rights Foundation

Civil Disobedience and Non-Violent Action - The University of Texas Politics Project

Quotes

"If the injustice is part of the necessary friction of the machine of government, let it go, let it go: perchance it will wear smooth-certainly the machine will wear out... but if it is of such a nature that it requires you to be the agent of injustice to another, then I say, break the law. Let your life be a counter-friction to stop the machine. What I have to do is to see, at any rate, that I do not lend myself to the wrong which I condemn." - Henry David Thoreau, Civil Disobedience

"An individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust, and who willingly accepts the penalty of imprisonment in order to arouse the conscience of the community over its injustice, is in reality expressing the highest respect for the law" - Martin Luther King, Jr.

"An unjust law is itself a species of violence. Arrest for its breach is more so. Now the law of nonviolence says that violence should be resisted not by counter-violence but by nonviolence. This I do by breaking the law and by peacefully submitting to arrest and imprisonment." - Mahatma Gandhi

"One has not only a legal, but a moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws." - Martin Luther King, Jr.

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Civil Disobedience - Bill of Rights Institute

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Civil Disobedience "Unjust laws exist; shall we be content to obey them, or shall we endeavor to amend them, and obey them until we have succeeded, or shall we transgress them at once? Men generally, under such a government as this, think that they ought to wait until they have persuaded the majority to alter [...]

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Where people dont go to work and protest outside of their work for whatever they want

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PICKET LINES are popping up with greater frequency across the U.S.--and strikers are displaying a new, fighting mood that exists among growing numbers of working people fed up with being forced to pay for an economic crisis caused by Wall Street and Corporate America.

These struggles represent a challenge and an opportunity for working-class activists and socialists to put forward a strategy for taking on Corporate America and the business-backed attack on public-sector workers.

The struggles are varied. They include teachers who defied a judge's order to win a strike in Tacoma, Wash.; hospital workers who struck the Kaiser health care system in California for two days, with nurses honoring the walkout; professors on the picket line at Long Island University in New York; Hyatt hotel workers carrying out a weeklong strike at six hotels in four cities; members of the International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) blocking trains filled with scab cargo at the port of Longview, Wash.; a strike at the Central Park Boathouse restaurant in New York City against a notorious union-buster; and the beginnings of a campaign by postal workers' unions against the assault on their members at the U.S. Postal Service.

All this follows the two-week strike at Verizon in August, where roving pickets and demonstrations at the company's wireless stores caught management by surprise--and, earlier this year, the uprising in Wisconsin against Republican Gov. Scott Walker's union-busting attack on public-sector workers.

Workers haven't yet prevailed in all of these struggles, nor will all of them win in the future. But what unites these fights is the activism and solidarity on display, despite a hostile corporate media and aggressive employers.

Labor's new sparks of resistance are proof positive that the defiant spirit of the battle in Wisconsin last winter wasn't a flash in the pan, but a sign that growing numbers of working people are rediscovering their capacity to struggle. After decades of a one-sided class war, the fightback has begun.

TO BE sure, the battles ahead will be tough. More than 90 percent of workers in the private sector lack any union at all. And when nonunion workers try to organize, they must contend with labor laws stacked in favor of management.

For their part, public-sector workers, until now a relative stronghold of organized labor, face a blitzkrieg attack by both Republican and Democratic politicians who demand sweeping cuts in pay and benefits in order to reduce budget deficits generated by Wall Street's financial catastrophe, tax giveaways to the wealthy and the endless wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.

And, of course, Corporate America, while enjoying record profits, is using persistent mass unemployment to extract yet more concessions from unions.

In the face of these attacks, the bulk of the union leadership has been unable or unwilling to offer a strategy for resistance.

Labor's two federations, the AFL-CIO and the breakaway Change to Win group, poured money and resources into the 2008 elections to support Barack Obama. They expected payback in the form of the Employee Free Choice Act (EFCA), proposed legislation that would make it easier to organize unions. Instead, Obama turned his back on the unions and bailed out the bankers, while EFCA went nowhere in a Democratic-controlled Congress.

While Obama is now talking up his jobs proposal and suggesting that taxes on the rich should go up, he's also imposed a pay freeze on federal employees, stood by while the U.S. Postal Service threatens massive layoffs and encouraged states to pass teacher-bashing legislation. Yet he can still count on the support of almost all top labor leaders.

Even worse, union officials have been willing to sell concession-filled contracts to union members, arguing that the financial realities and risks of striking are simply too great for workers to do anything else. Instead, they cling to their strategy of "partnership" with employers--on terms increasingly unfavorable to workers--and reliance on the Democratic Party.

Thus, in Wisconsin, where a Republican governor pushed through a law gutting collective bargaining rights for public-sector workers, union officials squandered the greatest labor mobilization in generations in favor of a strategy--ultimately unsuccessful--to end the Republican majority in the state Senate through recall elections.

In the Verizon strike in August, leaders of the Communications Workers of America and International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers announced that workers would return to their jobs without a contract, cutting short an active struggle that rekindled the spirit of Wisconsin by winning widespread support among union and nonunion workers alike.

And in the auto industry, the leaders of the United Auto Workers have announced a tentative contract with General Motors that consolidates previous union concessions--most importantly, the hiring of newer workers at a permanently lower tier wage. Workers at GM and Chrysler don't have the right to strike, thanks to the government-imposed bankruptcy and bailouts of those two companies.

Given the intensity of the anti-union offensive and the weak--or worse--response by union officials, the surge in labor struggles, whether in smaller localized forms or more broadly, are all the more significant.

The hope that the White House would usher in pro-labor policies is long gone--and the workers who are taking a stand today know that they have to rely only their own determination and wider workers' solidarity.

That's why Association of Flight Attendants member Lois Breece turned out on September 14 for the UNITE HERE union picket line at a Chicago Hyatt hotel. "Everybody's got to do their part to fight big corporations and to get something for working families these days," said Breece, who has taken a 38 percent pay cut since her employer, United Airlines, went bankrupt in 2002. "They promised shared sacrifice and shared reward. We haven't seen it."

THE CHALLENGE for labor activists--as well as working people who want to organize a union where there isn't one--is to tap into the rising anger and turn it into a fightback.

In unionized workplaces, the focus for organizing among rank-and-file members may be large, like a contract campaign that effects an entire union workplace--or more modest, like issues over scheduling and workloads. In nonunion workplaces, it could be management favoritism over pay and promotions or a vindictative supervisor that sparks an organizing campaign.

However the fights break out, their chances of winning are greater if they can draw on wider solidarity seen in Wisconsin. For example, while just 80 workers are involved in the strike at the Central Park Boathouse restaurant, their fight has become a focal point for labor and community activists around New York City, putting additional pressure on management.

In short: The greater the amount of activism and solidarity, the more leverage that workers can have.

That lesson is especially important in a fight like Verizon. Though the unions ended their two-week strike in August without a contract, the battle showed that workers have other options besides standing on the picket line and trying to last "one day longer" than multi-billion dollar corporations. During the strike, roving pickets of scabs and protests at Verizon Wireless stores damaged the company's brand and showed how unions in struggle can rally not only wider support within the labor movement, but also win the backing of nonunion workers.

While such activism is crucial to successful labor struggles, too often it's not enough, as employers mount scabbing operations intended to starve workers back to their jobs. That's why members of the ILWU took a bolder action, repeatedly blocking trains full of grain headed for a new terminal in Longview, Wash., where management is using scab labor. The longshore union defied police and the law--the kind of confrontation that's been all too rare in recent decades.

Meanwhile, teachers about 100 miles north, in Tacoma, Wash., also defied the law--by going on strike and then ignoring a judge's order to return to work. The Tacoma Education Association won that fight, forcing the district to retreat on pay cuts and drop a plan for arbitrary transfers--the first big win for labor in the new onslaught against public-sector unions.

More showdowns are coming. Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel--President Barack Obama's former right-hand man--is plotting an all-out drive to break the Chicago Teachers Union, and a strike is possible in the months ahead. Republican governors are trying to outdo one another as they slash away at public-sector workers' pay and benefits and gut their collective bargaining rights. The Democrats tolerate collective bargaining--but they want deep cuts, too. And of course, business is out to deliver a deathblow to unions, demanding cuts in pay, pensions and health care even when they're sitting on big profits.

That's why growing numbers of workers have drawn the conclusion that the attacks won't end until our side is strong enough to stop them. It's time to take the initiative and step up the fight.

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PICKET LINES are popping up with greater frequency across the U.S.--and strikers are displaying a new, fighting mood that exists among growing numbers of working people fed up with being forced to pay for an economic crisis caused by Wall Street and Corporate America.

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Boycotting is where people don't buy from a certain business.

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Boycott

The conscious refusal to buy products from a certain company or country. Boycotts are often organized on a large scale in an attempt to influence the behavior of companies or countries. Very often, boycotts are ethical or political.

Farlex Financial Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc. All Rights Reserved

boycott

1. the withholding of supplies of products to a trader by a producer because the trader is, for example, in breach of CONTRACT or the trader is selling the products as LOSS LEADERS. See REFUSAL TO SUPPLY.

2. the cessation of INTERNATIONAL TRADE, wholly or in part, with a particular country by other countries.

Collins Dictionary of Business, 3rd ed. © 2002, 2005 C Pass, B Lowes, A Pendleton, L Chadwick, D O'Reilly and M Afferson

boycott

1. 1the withholding of supplies of GOODS from a distributor by a producer or producers in order to force that distributor to resell those goods only on terms specified by the producer. In the past, boycotts were often used as a means of enforcing RESALE PRICE MAINTENANCE.

2. the prohibition of certain imports or exports, or a complete ban on INTERNATIONAL TRADE with a particular country by other countries.

Collins Dictionary of Economics, 4th ed. © C. Pass, B. Lowes, L. Davies 2005

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The conscious refusal to buy products from a certain company or country. Boycotts are often organized on a large scale in an attempt to influence the behavior of companies or countries. Very often, boycotts are ethical or political. Farlex Financial Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc.

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Refusing to follow the laws

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A government ruled completely by the people