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Themes:
Red = Foreign events (Related to the outside of the Americas)

Orange = Social (Civil) Movements and legislation

Green = Domestic policies or events (Related to the inside of the Americas)

Every card has a picture and a description. Sometimes you're required to scroll down to see the full description.

There is a total of 86 Cards.

Havva Nice day.

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An act that allows the government to control most aspects of Indians' lives such as status, land, resources, wills, education, band administration.

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State and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States. It was a racial cast system that existed in the south and sometimes the north states.

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Meetings in Niagara Falls, New York, led by Web DuBios, grew to movement.

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Begin with the invasion of Poland by Hitler and invasion of China by Japan. France and Great Britain declared war on Germany. It took place in different parts of the world. The deadliest conflict history. Most of the worlds countries were divided to two sides: Allies and Axis powers. Between 50 to 85 million people died. It included massacres, genocide, strategic bombing, starvation, disease and creation of nuclear weapons.

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US policy developed to prevent the further spread of Soviet expansionism and communism.

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1944 Juan Jose Arevalo Bermejo as President

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1944 Juan Jose Arevalo Bermejo as President

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First elected president of Guatemala in 1944;began series of socialist reforms including landreform; nationalist program directed againstforeign-owned co

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WW2 in Europe ends when Germany surrenders. There continued to be a war in Asia however.

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Roosevelt dies so Truman becomes president. He focuses on the conflict in Japan and ends it. He enforces containment of communism in foreign countries. He tries reconversion of the economy but faces many challenges.

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The United States dropped the first atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. A second atomic bomb was dropped on the city of Nagasaki three days later. It is estimated that more than 200,000 Japanese, primarily civilians, were killed in the two bombings.

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Truman signs the Employment Act of 1946, placing increased responsibility for economic stability on the federal government.

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February 1946 Kennan’s “Long Telegram” on Soviets

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February 1946 Kennan’s “Long Telegram” on Soviets

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State Department official George Kennan, serving in the Soviet Union, sends his “Long Telegram,” in which he analyzes the sources of Soviet conduct and Moscow's geopolitical intentions, and suggests American responses.

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March 1946 Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech

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March 1946 Churchill’s “Iron Curtain” speech

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Winston Churchill delivers his “Iron Curtain” speech at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri, condemning the Soviet Union’s policies of expansion and calling for strengthening the U.S-Britain alliance.

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A tense relationship between the United states and the Soviet Union. The US and its allies were in the NATO. There wasn't any real battle (besides the Korean War). They fought each other strategically. The USSR was trying to expand to weak countries. The US, wanting to protect capitalism, responded by containment of communism.

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A data-gathering organization to assist policymakers in their decisions, it became involved in subversive tactic and paramilitary actions and information acquisition

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Truman delivers his “Truman Doctrine” speech to Congress, asking for a $400 million appropriation to fight the spread of Communism in Greece and Turkey.

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March 1947 Federal Employee Loyalty Program

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March 1947 Federal Employee Loyalty Program

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Truman creates the Federal Employee Loyalty Program, known as the “Loyalty Order,” via Executive Order 9835. This order’s purpose was to ensure loyalty against communism in the federal government. This sparks the Red Scare.

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Truman vetoes the Taft-Hartley Act fearing it would hurt the labor union. Congress overrides Taft-Hartley veto officially showing they dislike Truman.

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The National Security Act passes Congress, creating the National Security Council, the Central Intelligence Agency, the Department of Defense, and the National Security Resources Board.

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The House of Representatives issues citations for Contempt of Congress to the Hollywood Ten: John Howard Lawson, Alvah Bessie, Herbert Biberman, Lester Cole, Edward Dmytryk, Ring Lardner Jr., Albert Maltz, Samuel Ornitz, Adrian Scott, and Dalton Trumbo. The Motion Picture Association confirms the blacklisting of the Hollywood Ten from employment in the film industry.

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October 1947 House Un-American Activities Committee

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October 1947 House Un-American Activities Committee

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The House Un-American Activities Committee opens hearings investigating communist activity in Hollywood.

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1947 United Nations Temporary Mission of Korea

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1947 United Nations Temporary Mission of Korea

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Withdraw occupation of Korea Supervised elections to unify Korea
North Korea denied it.

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1948 Louis St. Laurent as Prime Minister 

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1948 Louis St. Laurent as Prime Minister 

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The 12th Prime Minister of Canada (1948-1957). Liberal with a strong base in the Catholic francophone community. His foreign policy initiatives transformed Canada from isolationism with little role in world affairs, to an active "middle power." An enthusiastic proponent of Canada's joining NATO in 1949 to fight Communist totalitarianism.

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The Soviets blockade West Berlin, leaving the city—which is surrounded on all sides by communist East Germany—without access to food and supplies. The Truman administration organizes a military airlift to supply the besieged city. The Berlin Airlift will last for nearly a year, delivering 1.5 million tons of supplies via 200,000 separate flights before the blockade is lifted in May 1949.

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A program providing aid to Western Europe following the devastation of World War II. It was enacted in 1948 and provided more than $15 billion to help finance rebuilding efforts on the continent.

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July 1948 Truman Desegregates the Military

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July 1948 Truman Desegregates the Military

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President Truman signs Executive Order 9981, ending racial segregation of the armed forces.

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Former communist Whittaker Chambers testifies before the House Un-American Activities Committee, naming Alger Hiss—an important figure in Franklin Roosevelt's State Department—as a communist agent.

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Noncommunist dictatorial leader of South Korea who was backed by the United States

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1948 Organization of American States(OAS)

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1948 Organization of American States(OAS)

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Formed to promote democracy,economic cooperation, & human rights;Members pledged not to interfere with one another; The US often dominated this organization

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An ambitious set of proposals put forward by U.S. President Harry S. Truman to Congress in his January 1949 State of the Union address. More generally the term characterizes the entire domestic agenda of the Truman administration.

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Leader of the Communist Party in China that overthrew Jiang Jieshi and the Nationalists. Established China as the People's Republic of China and ruled from 1949 until 1976.

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NATO is a security alliance of 30 countries from North America and Europe. NATO's fundamental goal is to safeguard the Allies' freedom and security by political and military means.

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Truman signs the Housing Act, establishing a national housing agency and providing federal aid to slum clearance programs and low-cost housing projects.

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Truman announces that the Soviet Union has detonated an atomic bomb.

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General appointed by Truman in July 1950.
Leader of U.S forces in the Korean War. He wanted to extend the war in China with nuclear weapons. Truman wanted the war to
be limited to Korea. Gets fired by Truman.

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A campaign against alleged communists in the US government and other institutions carried out under McCarthy in the period 1950-1954. Many of the accused were blacklisted or lost their jobs, though most did not in fact belong to the Communist Party.

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Refused to hold elections. Communist leader ofNorth Korea; his attack on South Korea in 1950 started the Korean War. He remained in poweruntil 1994

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The United Fruit Company had operated under the pretence of helping to develop areas in Central and South America. These nations later became known as the Banana Republics and included Costa Rica and Guatemala.

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February 1950 Joseph McCarthy Claims Targets

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February 1950 Joseph McCarthy Claims Targets

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Wisconsin Senator Joseph McCarthy gives a speech in Wheeling, Virginia, dramatically claiming, "I have in my hand a list of 205 cases of individuals who appear to be either card-carrying members or certainly loyal to the Communist Party" within the United States State Department.

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UN troops, dominated by US forces, countered the invasion of South Korea by North Korea forces by invasion of South Korea by North Korean forces by North Korea, while China intervened on the side of the North. Peace negotiation begun in 1951, and the war ended two years later with the restoration of previous boundaries, currently at 38th parallel.

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Provided $38 million of military assistance for Latin America which is not what they wanted.

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Sold $450 million worth of Canadian grain to
communist China in 1951 to 1962. Resulted in trebling Canadian farm income

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The redistribution of lands, regardless of crops or fruits produced to farmers and regular farmers who are landless, irrespective of tenurial arrangement, to include the totality of factors and support services designed to lift the economic status.

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Allowed the Guatemalan government to expropriate uncultivated lands from large plantations. 1.5 million acres were distributed to 100,000 families.

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Working with Secretary of State John Foster Dulles and CIA Director Allen Welsh Dulles, Eisenhower intensified CIA activities under the pretense of blocking the spread of communism in poorer countries, particularly in Africa. He also significantly increased U.S. involvement in the Middle East and Southeast Asia. The Space Race began under Eisenhower’s administration when he established NASA in response to the Soviets launching Sputnik; the Race lasted well into the 1980s.

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Liberal republican, chief Justice of the
supreme court. Used a loose interpretation to expand. Rights for both African-Americans and those. Accused of crimes. He was the first justice to help the civil rights movement, judicial activism.

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1953 Department of Health, Education, and Welfare

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1953 Department of Health, Education, and Welfare

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This administration was created in 1953 was the first administration of the US government dedicated to the well being of the citizens.

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Soviet communist leader Joseph Stalin dies of a stroke.

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A National Security Document issued in October 1953 which addressed the Soviet nuclear threat and US determination to maintain nuclear superiority.

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An armed revolt conducted by Che Guevara and Fidel Castro's revolutionary 26th of July Movement and its allies against the military dictatorship of Cuban President Fulgencio Batista.

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The Army-McCarthy hearings begin, broadcast live in their entirety by ABC television.

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The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional.

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Guatemalan who trained 150 noncommunist Guatemalans to attack President Arbenz's government and succeeded. He established a military government, redistributed lands to the
United Fruit Company, and tortured and murdered anyone who opposed.

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The United States Senate censures Senator Joseph McCarthy for "conduct contrary to senatorial tradition."

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A political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama.

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The law authorized the construction of a 41,000-mile network of interstate highways that would span the nation.

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Part of the Agricultural Act passed by the US Congress. Created a program which removed farmland from production in an effort to reduce large crop surpluses after World War 2.

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Established the Civil Rights Section of the Justice Department and empowered federal prosecutors to obtain court injunctions against interference with the right to vote.

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Nine African American students attended their first day at Little Rock Central High School, whose entire student population had until that point been white.

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Airline industry, became a normal means of transport, connected different
parts of the government.

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1958 North American Aerospace Defense Command

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1958 North American Aerospace Defense Command

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A binational defense organizing that provides advance warning of missile and air attacks on the USA and Canada and protects the sovereignty of airspace in North America.

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Democratically elected President of Argentina. Nixon visits to congratulate and discovers that many people oppose the US there. Mostly students and intellectuals who disagree with him.

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1958 Advanced Research Projects Agency(ARPA)

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1958 Advanced Research Projects Agency(ARPA)

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After Soviets launch of Sputnik in 1957.
Eisenhower made this to try to prevent
further technological surprises and develop
revolutionary technologies.

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Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a
Marxist socialist state in Cuba (born in 1927)

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(Ft. Canada) Helped facilitate trade from the Great Lakes region improving economies of cities like Detroit, Clever, Chicago. Gross Shipamounted to 25.1 million dollars.

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Established federal inspection of local voter registration polls and introduced penalties for anyone who obstructed someone's attempt to register to vote.

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A group of freshmen college students sit in a place at a famous restaurant of "whites only" as a nonviolent protest.

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By 1960 Americans owned nearly half of the cars and telephones in the world and 90% of families had a television.

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Kennedy said that the American people must be prepared to sacrifice in order to cross “a frontier of unknown opportunities and perils.” The goal of Kennedy's New Frontier was to provide domestic reform, focused on society and the economy.

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Passed by the federal government in 1960. Guaranteed civil rights for all Canadians
regardless of ancestry, religion or beliefs
Granted voting for First Nations. Could be superseded by any other act of
parliament. Only Applied to areas of federal
responsibilities

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His administration resulted in the peaceful resolution of the Cuban Missile Crisis and refrained from further escalation of the Berlin Crisis of 1961.

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John F. Kennedy establishes the Peace Corps by executive order. The Peace Corps is an independent agency and volunteer program run by the United States Government providing international social and economic development assistance.

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Civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated Southern United States and subsequent years to challenge the non-enforcement of the United States Supreme Court decisions Morgan v. Virginia and Boynton v.

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Less than three months into JFK's presidency, a group of CIA-trained Cuban exiles attempts to invade Cuba at the Bay of Pigs. The Cuban army quickly thwarts their efforts, and the Kennedy-approved fiasco becomes a major embarrassment for the new president.

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Kennedy announces his goal of putting a man on the moon before the Soviets.

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JFK is shown photos of Soviet nuclear missile sites being installed in Cuba. To minimize Soviet power in the West, the president initiates a blockade of Cuba the following week. For nearly two weeks, the Cuban Missile Crisis will bring the world closer to nuclear war than ever before or after.

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An African American pastor, activist, humanitarian, and leader in the African American Civil Rights Movement. He used non-violent civil disobedient protesting. He worked hard to get people to understand that all races should be treated equally. He gave speeches to encourage African Americans to protest non-violently.

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King and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) joined Birmingham's local campaign. It was launched with mass meetings, lunch counter sit-ins, a march on city hall, and a boycott of downtown merchants.

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Prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin.

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A landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting.

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1965 Canada-US Automotive Parts Agreement(Auto Pact)

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1965 Canada-US Automotive Parts Agreement(Auto Pact)

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Created free trade in automobiles and parts
between Canada and US. Did little for
consumers, allowed automotive manufacturers
to rationalize production. They agreed to
maintain Canadian production relative to sales.