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4. Being a university student means that I start a new level of my own life on the way to be an adult.

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(Hint: two grammar structures that do not match—Past Perfect and Simple Present)

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(Hint: two grammar structures that do not match—Past Perfect and Simple Present)

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3. I had been involved myself in an organization which is to deepen students’ understanding of finance.

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 (Hint: RO/ “to be” missing… Missing connector)

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 (Hint: RO/ “to be” missing… Missing connector)

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2. Transportation in Toronto is also very popular, everyone seems using bus, subway, streetcar to get to their work or school.

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. (Hint: Subject is Repeated Unnecessarily)

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. (Hint: Subject is Repeated Unnecessarily)

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1. Last but not least, it is the cost.

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Problem 1: Verb “To Be” is missing

Problem 2: The subject of a sentence or clause is missing

Problem 3: subject of the sentence has been unnecessarily repeated

Problem 4: Words in a sentence are missing

Problem 5: Two clauses or a clause and a phrase have been used that do not fit together grammatically.

Problem 6: A parallel structure has not been used when needed.

Problem 7: Sentence boundary problem has occurred: RO, CS, Frag... (To avoid these we remember four common sentence types: Simple, Compound, Complex, Compound-Complex)

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describe a fact, habits
ex: the train leaves at 9:00am

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Describe sth that happened and ended in the past
i got sick last week

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v-describe sth is happening at the time you are saying
my mother is cooking for lunch
-activity which is going to happen in the future (especially for planned activities)
i am going to Vietnam this summer

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Comic Strip Answer Key

(Used for review of present and past tense structures—identification and production)

1. I’m awake! (Present Tense)

2. What’s happening, Marcie? (Present Tense)

3. While you were asleep, sir, the world came to an end. (Past Tense)

4. You and I are the only two people left alive. (Present Tense)

5. Volcanoes were erupting; icebergs were melting. (Past Tense)

6. Everything is gone! (Present Tense)

7. Then why is the playground full of kids? (Present Tense)

8. Sorry, sir, when I saw you got an ‘A’ on that paper, I thought the world had come to an end. (Past Tense)

What else can we say about this comic, and the people in it? Or what questions do you have?

Examples:

1. “Sir” probably does not usually get good grades. (Present)

2. “Lucy”/The girl is not very polite about her thoughts. (Present)

3. No volcanoes erupted, she was joking. (Past; Past Progressive)

4. Was “Sir” sleeping during recess? (Past Progressive)

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Adverbial clause is a dependent clause which functions as an adverd. AC modifies verb, adj or adv.
Ac often starts with subordinating conj.
AC contain S and V. However, sometimes the verb is understood.
ex: After J. has finished my homeworks, he goes
to bed.
You are taller than your brother . ( the verb “is” is understood )

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5. (p. 141) Certain verbs (along with phrasal verbs and adjectives that take prepositions) must be followed by a noun phrase + that (the fact that, the idea that, the possibility that...) Such verbs include: accept, conceal discuss, disregard, dispute, overlook, hide, and support.

6. see list of verbs that frequently take noun clauses on page 142.

7. In noun clauses following verbs of indirect speech, the VERB TENSE in the noun clause changes to past time when the tense of the main verb changes to past. (KEEP IT PARALLEL)

9. The BASE FORM of the verb is used in a noun clause after verbs expressing an idea, such as  demand, recommendation, requirement, advice or explanation.

Improve your writing:
Emphasis: So... That, So Many...That, and So Much ... That
To emphasize an adjective or adverb, use so+adjective or adverb. Then add that.
Example:
I was so exhausted last night that I could not finish my homework.

NO OTHER WORD ORDER WORKS FOR THIS:
NOT: I was exhausted that
NOT: I was exhausted in that
NOT: I was exhausted so that

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An Adverbial Clause is connected to an independent clause with both a subordinating conjunction an a coordinating conjunction

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The future tense has been used in an adverbial clause of time
INCORRECT: After I will have realized my bad study habits, I will now make changes.
CORRECT: Now that I have realized my bad study habits, I will make changes.

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Problem 5 Adverbial clause is a fragment

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Problem 5 Adverbial clause is a fragment

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INCORRECT: While I knew I was wasting time. I still wanted to have fun. (An adverbial clause is DEPENDENT, it needs another clause to be correct.)
CORRECT: While I knew I was wasting time, I still wanted to have fun.

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A WHITE BUS:
Although, After, As

When, Whenever, Whatever, Whether, Whereas, Which
If, in order that, in case
Though, till, that

Because, Before
Until, unless
Since