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two layers of fur

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12 inch paddle-like paws to provide traction on ice and to aid in swimming.

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white fur for crypsis

black skin, which traps solar heat

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small ears and short tail to reduce their surface area to volume ratio, meaning less of their surface area is exposed to the environment, minimising heat loss

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Sleeping to conserve energy

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Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are adapted to survive temperatures of -40° or -46 C

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Thorough grooming to maintain heat retention

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Hunting by waiting near seal holes to conserve energy

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ambush predators, waits hours at seal breathing holes in the ice, this conserves energy

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Hollow hair assists faster drying and prevents fur from freezing

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Walking hibernation / reduced activity over the winter months, rather than traditional hibernation, females often give birth during this time

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walk at a slow pace and only run short distances as they can easily overheat

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they also take naps for energy conservation

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can sleep through blizzards, using the snow as an insulating blanket, and may stay there for several days until the storm passes.

they curl up on the sea ice in summer and sometimes use a block of ice or a paw as a pillow

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During breeding season, males will display aggressive behaviors to compete for females such as roaring and swiping

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due to climate change, polar bears are spending more time on land and utilised this change for opportunistic mating with grizzly bears.

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Intelligent animals capable of problem solving, they have excellent memory and visit the same hunting grounds

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their genes that regulate their cardiovascular system have allowed them to maintain a high-fat diet without developing the heart disease or high cholesterol that would usually be fatal to humans

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Polar bears rely more on their fat than their fur to keep out the cold; wet fur is a poor insulator. That’s why mother bears don’t like to swim with young cubs in the spring as cubs dont have enough fat to keep insulated

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in deep sleep, they develop arrhythmia(uneven heart beats), which helps to conserve energy amongst hibernating animals