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As both scientific legends and rivals, Robert Hooke and Isaac Newton had something of a falling out. Derek Hirst describes this clash of some the times greatest minds and egos in his New York Times book review.

Learn more about how cell theory was established and how the scientific method works: http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/scientific-experiments/scientific-method4.htm
A fun way to learn more about cell theory -- The Cell Theory Song: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KuJqqiATlqw

More science education resources from this lesson's educator, Lauren Royal-Woods: http://www.bal.henderson.k12.nc.us/teachers/lroyal-web/

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The wacky history of cell theory - Lauren Royal-Woods

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Scientific discovery isn't as simple as one good experiment. The weird and wonderful history of cell theory illuminates the twists and turns that came together to build the foundations of biology.

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Ciència, científics i altres criatures estranyes

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Ciència, científics i altres criatures estranyes

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Endosymbiosis--the symbiotic relationship where one symbiotic organism living inside another! Where did this theory come from? Biologist Lynn Margulis proposed the idea of endosymbiosis about 50 years ago. She proposed it as the explanation for how complex cells evolved. Read why she was called a "biology rebel" in this Scientific American Blog post. Her idea was not readily accepted, but in 1966 she finally convinced the recently founded Journal of Theoretical Biology to publish one of her papers. In 1970, she published a book called Origin of Eukaryotic Cells. The discovery of better technology in the 1980s, greatly improved our ability to study DNA. As a result, more genetic evidence became readily available. Margulis' theory gained support and is now the dominant explanation for the origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria inside eukaryotic cells. Detailed information can be found here.

A vast variety of assimilation events are thought to have occurred throughout the evolution of different branches of the tree of life. Especially in the groups of microorganisms known as protozoans, evidence exists for tertiary and quaternary endosymbiosis, i.e. an organism that had already absorbed one cell being absorbed itself by another cell. Microbiologists are constantly updating their understanding of the origin and diversification of eukaryotic organisms as new evidence becomes available. Annual reviews like this one communicate the current understanding to the biology community.

When assimilation events occur, there is often an exchange of genetic material between the host cells and the cells entering the host. As a result, the genome present in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell does contain genes that encode proteins targeted back to the endosymbionts, which are now the mitochondria or chloroplasts. This animation illustrates both the assimilation and the gene transfer.

While there are nuclear genes that encode chloroplast and mitochondria proteins, the cell still depends on the binary fission of these structures for the synthesis of new ones. Chloroplasts have been removed in experiments by exposure to chemicals or deprivation from light. After removing those chemicals or re-exposing to light, no new ones form. For mitochondria, a similar thing happens when sperm and egg unite. Both have mitochondria that become present in the fertilized egg, or zygote. However, the paternal mitochondria are chemically tagged and destroyed by the cell. The maternal ones are not. As the embryo grows, only maternal mitochondria are present. Even though paternal DNA is present in the nucleus, no paternal mitochondria are ever produced. This is summarized in the idea of a human " Mitochondrial Eve " who lived in East Africa between 100,000 and 200,000 years ago. Can you explain the evidence that supports the Endosymbiotic Theory?

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How we think complex cells evolved - Adam Jacobson

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Imagine you swallowed a small bird and suddenly gained the ability to fly ... or you ate a cobra and were able to spit poisonous venom! Well, throughout the history of life (and specifically during the evolution of complex eukaryotic cells) things like this happened all the time.

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Is personalized medicine for individual bodies in our future? Possibly -- with the use of stem cells, undifferentiated cells with the power to become any tissue in our bodies. Craig A. Kohn describes the role of these incredible, transforming cells and how scientists are harnessing their medical pot…

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INTRODUCCIÓ

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BIOLULIA. 3ESO. Tema 1. L'organització del cos humà (I). INTRODUCCIÓ

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NIVELLS D'ORGANITZACIÓ

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BIOLULIA. 3ESO. Tema 1. L'organització del cos humà (II). Nivells d'organització

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Los sistemas del cuerpo humano para niños - Recopilación

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sinAzucar.org es un proyecto artístico que pretende mostrar mediante la fotografía la cantidad de azúcar libre que tienen en su composición muchos de los alimentos que consumimos habitualmente. Conoce más acerca del proyecto o visita en calculadora.org la calculadora del azúcar.

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sinAzucar.org - Revelando el azúcar oculto de los productos industriales

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sinAzucar.org es un proyecto artístico que pretende mostrar mediante la fotografía la cantidad de azúcar libre que tienen en su composición muchos de los alimentos que consumimos habitualmente. Conoce más acerca del proyecto o visita en calculadora.org la calculadora del azúcar.

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Quines dificultats tens alhora de fer el treball?

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Quines dificultats tens alhora de fer el treball?

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Indica els problemes que et vagin sorgint i entre tots els resoldrem!