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Mrs. Clark B.C. 2540 B.C. Great Pyramid built in Giza

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Mrs. Clark B.C. 2540 B.C. Great Pyramid built in Giza

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Built for King Khufu; 10 miles away from modern city of Cairo. Height of 48-story building, nearly 500 feet above the desert. Over nine football fields wide! More than 2 million stone blocks were used to build the pyramids; each block weighed ~2.5 tons!

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First City States are made

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First Chinese dynasty 1750 B.C.- Emily fay

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First Chinese dynasty 1750 B.C.- Emily fay

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Chinas first dynasty was the Shang. The Shang ruled from 1750 B.C. to 1045 B.C. They controlled a small area in china and then concurred other neighboring areas.

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3000 B.C. City-states arise in Sumer - Emily Fay 

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3000 B.C. City-states arise in Sumer - Emily Fay 

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Sumerian cities became independent. The people of each city raised their own crops and made their own goods. As the cities grew, they gained political and economic control over the lands around them. By doing this, they formed city-states. Each city-state had its own government and was not part of any larger governing state. The population of the city-states ranged from about 5,000 to 20,000 people.

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The Egyptian pyramids are one of the most impressive monuments of the ancient world. In the mid-2000s B.C., the Egyptians built the biggest and grandest of the pyramids, the Great Pyramid.

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The Shang dynasty is the first Chinese dynasty to leave historical records. Archaeologists have unearthed long-buried walls and buildings, and these ruins show that the Shang built the first cities in China. The dynasty is thought to have ruled from about 1600 to 1046 B.C. Kings of the Shang dynasty, serving as political, religious, and military leaders, controlled only a small area of northern China.

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Gracie At around 8000 B.C the neolithic age begins

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Gracie At around 8000 B.C the neolithic age begins

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Neolithic people built large dwelling places that housed a small clan, or family group, along with their cattle and grain stores. Eventually, these were replaced by one- or two-room houses, which were usually clustered in groups

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Archaeologists have unearthed long-buried walls and buildings, and these ruins show that the Shang built the first cities in China. The dynasty is thought to have ruled from about 1600 to 1046 B.C. Kings of the Shang dynasty, serving as political, religious, and military leaders, controlled only a small area of northern China. In time, the Shang conquered neighboring areas, mostly over the people of the Huang He valley. As the Shang kingdom grew, kings needed to defend the kingdom’s borders. They appointed warlords, or military leaders who governed local territories.

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Buddhism spreads from India to China c. 202 B.C. - Emily Fay 

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Buddhism spreads from India to China c. 202 B.C. - Emily Fay 

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Buddhism( started from the buddha) started to spread to other places like China.

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Gracie At 4000 B.C Farming was established in Europe 

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Gracie At 4000 B.C Farming was established in Europe 

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By 8000 B.C., people in Southwest Asia began growing wheat and barley. They also domesticated pigs, cows, goats, and sheep

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Gracie at 776 B.C Athletes compete in their first Olympic games 

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Gracie at 776 B.C Athletes compete in their first Olympic games 

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Every four years, Greek athletes took part in athletic competitions to honor the Greek gods and goddesses. These included competitions in the discus and javelin throws, the long jump, boxing, wrestling, the pentathlon, and chariot races

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c. 551 B.C. Confucius is born-Jacob Lochner

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c. 551 B.C. Confucius is born-Jacob Lochner

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Confucius lived when rival kings were engaged in competitive power struggles. He criticized the misrule of these kings and urged people to follow the beliefs of their ancestors. His teachings encouraged people to value morality,

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Emily H - c. A.D. 100 Buddhism spreads from India to China

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Emily H - c. A.D. 100 Buddhism spreads from India to China

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Buddhism spread from India to China in part because of the Silk Road. Today, few Buddhists live in India where the Buddha first preached.

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The Qin dynasty or Ch'in dynasty was the first dynasty of Imperial China, lasting from 221 to 206 BC. Named for its heartland in Qin state, the dynasty was founded by Qin Shi Huang, the First Emperor of Qin.

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The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China, established by the rebel leader Liu Bang and ruled by the House of Liu.

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The last ice age was more than 100,000 years ago. Ice ages were long eras which the earth was in an extreme cold.

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The Shang dynasty started in 1750 B.C.

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Gracie At 2340 B.C. saragon conquors Sumer.

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Gracie At 2340 B.C. saragon conquors Sumer.

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The kingdom of Akkad developed in northern Mesopotamia. Sargon was an ambitious leader who ruled the people of Akkad, known as Akkadians. About 2340 B.C., Sargon moved his well-trained armies south

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c. 221 B.C. Qin dynasty established-Jacob Lochner

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c. 221 B.C. Qin dynasty established-Jacob Lochner

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During the Period of the Warring States, the strong rulers of local states fought one another and ignored the weak Zhou Chinese dynasty kings. One of these warring states was called Qin. In 221 B.C., the ruler of Qin sent a large cavalry force to defeat the other states and ended the Zhou dynasty.

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Hazel- 100 Buddhism spreads from India to China.

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Hazel- 100 Buddhism spreads from India to China.

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Buddhism spread from India to China in part because of the Silk Road. The Silk Road was an ancient trade route that linked China with the West, transporting goods and ideas between Rome and China. The fall of the Han dynasty and the long period of unrest that followed also spurred the spread of Buddhism. Today, few Buddhists live in India where the Buddha first preached.

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Gracie At 3000 B.C. India's early Civilazation begins 

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Gracie At 3000 B.C. India's early Civilazation begins 

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Jaz

Liu Bang founded the Han dynasty in 202 B.C. His family began the powerful Han dynasty that would rule China for more than 400 years. Eleven members of the Liu family followed Liu Bang as effective emperors until A.D. 6. Han Wudi was the first strong emperor of the Han dynasty, ruling from 141 B.C. to 87 B.C. Han Wudi took important steps to improve China’s government. Earlier emperors chose family members and loyal aristocrats to help them run the government. In order to end this practice, Han Wudi recruited dedicated and talented people for civil service positions. These government workers were chosen on the basis of competitive tests.

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Since 600 b.c., the Chinese have recorded more than 1,500 floods of the Huang He. These floods have taken millions of lives. The Chinese call the Huang He "China's Sorrow" in honor of the people killed by the floods.

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The last ice age lasted around 90,000 years around this time civilizations started to grow from small towns/places.

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At 1700 B.C. Building of stone circle begins at Stonehenge

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At .A.D 100 Buddism spreads from India to China

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Hazel- 1290 B.C. Moses leads Israelites from Egypt.

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Hazel- 1290 B.C. Moses leads Israelites from Egypt.

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According to the Hebrew bible, the Israelites were enslaved by the Egyptian pharaoh. They prayed to God to set them free, and an Israelite prophet named Moses turned out to be their deliverer. In the wilderness outside Egypt, God called to Moses and commanded him to tell the pharaoh to let the Israelites go. Moses went before the pharaoh to demand the release of the Israelites. When the pharaoh refused, the Hebrew Bible says that God sent 10 plagues upon Egypt. The plagues convinced the pharaoh to free the Israelites. However, after the Israelites left Egypt for Canaan, the pharaoh sent his army to pursue them. When the Israelites reached the Red Sea, there was no way to cross the waters.

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2500 B.C. Harappa flourishesThe Indus culture flourished between 2600 B.C. and 1900 B.C. The major cities associated with the civilization, notably Mohenjo-Daro, Harappa, and Kalibangan, were laid out on a grid pattern and had an advanced drainage system. It was around 2500 B.C. that Harappa reached its height of economic expansion and urban growth and thrived as an economic center. Harappa, along with the other Indus Valley cities, had a level of architectural planning that was advanced in the ancient world. During this time, a great increase in craft technology, trade, and urban expansion was experienced. City residents were merchants, shopkeepers, and artisans. They made and sold copper and bronze tools, clay pottery, and cotton cloth. Artisans also made jewelry from shells, ivory, and gold. Archaeologists have even found toys among the ruins.

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2500 B.C. Harappa flourishesThe Indus culture flourished between 2600 B.C. and 1900 B.C. The major cities associated with the civilization, notably Mohenjo-Daro, Harappa, and Kalibangan, were laid out on a grid pattern and had an advanced drainage system. It was around 2500 B.C. that Harappa reached its height of economic expansion and urban growth and thrived as an economic center. Harappa, along with the other Indus Valley cities, had a level of architectural planning that was advanced in the ancient world. During this time, a great increase in craft technology, trade, and urban expansion was experienced. City residents were merchants, shopkeepers, and artisans. They made and sold copper and bronze tools, clay pottery, and cotton cloth. Artisans also made jewelry from shells, ivory, and gold. Archaeologists have even found toys among the ruins.

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jaz-Harappa flourishshes  2500 B.C.

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The Zhou ruled China for more than 800 years—longer than any other dynasty in Chinese history. n 1045 B.C., rebels led by an aristocrat named Wu Wang overthrew the Shang government in China.

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At 100 B.C. Silk Road established as trade route

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Brooke-3200 B.C. Sumerians invent cuneiform writing system

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Brooke-3200 B.C. Sumerians invent cuneiform writing system

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The Sumerians made a language that they would record their lives and achievements with. It was wrote with a clay tablet and wedge shaped stamps.

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At 563 B.C. The buddha is born

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Siddhartha Gautama was born around the year 563 B.C. He grew up as a prince in a small kingdom near the Himalaya. One day he left his palace to explore the life of ordinary people in the kingdom and was shocked at the misery and poverty around him. For the first time, he understood that the world was filled with suffering. Siddhartha gave up all he had and became a monk and began his journey to find the meaning of life. Dressed in a yellow robe, he traveled the country, stopping to meditate, or think deeply. As he preached his message to people, he gathered followers. His teachings became known as Buddhism.

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Civilizations first developed about 3000 b.c. in the river valleys of Mesopotamia (MEH • suh • puh • TAY • mee • uh), Egypt, India, and China. Throughout history, the need to have water for drinking and growing crops influenced where people settled. Although there were differences among the early civilizations, they were alike in many ways.

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the buddha or enlightened one was born. The buddha started buddhism which is a religon.

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Farming begins in southwest Asia.
By 8000 b.c., people in Southwest Asia began growing wheat and barley. They also domesticated pigs, cows, goats, and sheep. From there, farming spread into southeastern Europe. By 4000 b.c., farming was an established economic activity in Europe.

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Jaz- Samudra Gupta expands Gupta Empire A.D. 330

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Jaz- Samudra Gupta expands Gupta Empire A.D. 330

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For 500 years, the small warring kingdoms fought one another for control of India. Then, in A.D. 320, the Gupta dynasty came to power in the Ganges River valley. The city of Pataliputra had been the capital of the old Mauryan Empire. It now became the capital of the Gupta Empire. Chandra Gupta I ruled for 10 years. He chose his son, Samudra Gupta, to rule after him. Samudra Gupta expanded the Gupta Empire in northern India. He was a great military leader and a patron of arts and literature. Under Samudra Gupta, India entered a golden age. Trade helped the Gupta Empire thrive. Salt, cloth, and iron were common goods traded in India. Indian merchants also traded with China and with lands in Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean area. Ancient India produced a brilliant culture. Artists, builders, writers, and scientists made many contributions while the Mauryan and Gupta kings ruled.

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By 2400 b.c., Sumer's city-states were weakened by conflict. As the strength of Sumer faded, powerful kingdoms arose in northern Mesopotamia and in neighboring Syria. Seeking new lands, rulers of these kingdoms built empires. An empire (EHM • PYR) is a group of many different lands under one ruler. Through conquest and trade, these empires spread their cultures over a wide region.

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Alexander the great conquers persian empire

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A.D. 66 Jews Revolt against Romans

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Brooke-900 B.C. Assyrians control Mesopotamia

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Brooke-900 B.C. Assyrians control Mesopotamia

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The Assyrians were a large empire which took power after the Hammurabi empire. They were strong and had well trained soldiers.

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Hazel-  202 B.C. Han dynasty established.

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Hazel-  202 B.C. Han dynasty established.

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Liu Bang founded the Han dynasty in 202 B.C. His family began the powerful Han dynasty that would rule China for more than 400 years. Eleven members of the Liu family followed Liu Bang as effective emperors until A.D. 6. Han Wudi was the first strong emperor of the Han dynasty, ruling from 141 B.C. to 87 B.C.

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The Nile River valley was ideal for human settlement because of its fertile land. As early as 5000 b.c., hunters and gatherers from the drier areas of Africa and Southwest Asia began to move into the Nile River valley. Permanent settlements were created by early groups who farmed the land and built villages along the Nile's banks. These people were the earliest Egyptians and Kushites.

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Emily H - c. B.C. 2540 B.C. Great Pyramid built in Giza

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Emily H - c. B.C. 2540 B.C. Great Pyramid built in Giza

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The Egyptian pyramids are one of the most impressive monument of the ancient world. In the mid-2000s B.C. the Egyptians built the biggest of the pyramids, The Great Pyramid of Giza. More than 2 million stone blocks were used in the pyramid's construction.

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Hazel- A.D. 190 Han capital of Luoyang destroyed.

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Hazel- A.D. 190 Han capital of Luoyang destroyed.

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Luoyang was the capital of nine ruling dynasties and a center for Buddhism. During the Han dynasty, many of the emperors who succeeded Han Wudi were weak and dishonest. Corrupt officials and greedy aristocrats took over land and forced many farmers to give up their property.

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Brooke- 3000 B.C. Egyptians develop hieroglyphics

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Brooke- 3000 B.C. Egyptians develop hieroglyphics

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The Egyptians made their own writing system which contained symbols and pictures that represented objects and ideas.

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Hazel- 221 B.C. Qin dynasty established.

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Hazel- 221 B.C. Qin dynasty established.

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During the Period of the Warring States, the strong rulers of local states fought one another and ignored the weak Zhou Chinese dynasty kings. One of these warring states was called Qin. In 221 B.C., the ruler of Qin sent a large cavalry force to defeat the other states and ended the Zhou dynasty. The Qin then controlled China from the Huang He to the Chang Jiang. To mark a new beginning for China, the Qin ruler declared himself Qin Shihuangdi, which means “the First Qin Emperor.” Qin brought changes to Chinese government that would endure for many centuries.

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River valley civilizations emerge.

During the Neolithic Age, people settled in villages where they built permanent homes. They located villages near fields so people could plant, grow, and harvest their crops more easily. People also settled near water sources, especially rivers... Farming soon spread along the Nile River and into other regions in Africa.

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Buddhism spreads from India to China

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Alexander the Great Dies

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Emily H - c. 1290 B.C. Moses leads Israelites from Egypt

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Emily H - c. 1290 B.C. Moses leads Israelites from Egypt

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According to the Hebrew bible, the Israelites were enslaved by the Egyptian pharaoh. They prayed to God to set them free, and an Israelite prophet named Moses turned out to be their deliverer.

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Brooke- 1360 B.C. Tutankhamen becomes pharaoh

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Brooke- 1360 B.C. Tutankhamen becomes pharaoh

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At only 10 years old Tutankhamen took power as pharaoh and he relied on priests to help him then. Later on he became one of the most famous pharaohs.

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City-states arose in Sumer

As the cities grew, they gained political and economic control over the lands around them. By doing this, they formed city-states. Each city-state had its own government and was not part of any larger governing state. The population of the city-states ranged from about 5,000 to 20,000 people.

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 Jaz 3000 B.C. India’s early civilization beginsThe First Civilizations of ancient India 3000 B.C.- Jaz developed in the valley around the Indus River around 3000 B.C. For this reason, the Indus Valley civilization is called the cradle of ancient India. About 5,000 years ago, nomads settled in valleys along the Indus River in an area that is now Pakistan. The first settlements were built on the shores of the river. The Indus people prospered and built cities. The Indus civilization spread over much of western India and Pakistan, with the culture flourishing between 2600 B.C. and 1900 B.C.  

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 Jaz 3000 B.C. India’s early civilization beginsThe First Civilizations of ancient India 3000 B.C.- Jaz developed in the valley around the Indus River around 3000 B.C. For this reason, the Indus Valley civilization is called the cradle of ancient India. About 5,000 years ago, nomads settled in valleys along the Indus River in an area that is now Pakistan. The first settlements were built on the shores of the river. The Indus people prospered and built cities. The Indus civilization spread over much of western India and Pakistan, with the culture flourishing between 2600 B.C. and 1900 B.C.  

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He was born into happiness and wealth and later became a huge and popular spiritual leader.

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Hazel- 776 B.C. First Olympic Games held in Greece.

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Hazel- 776 B.C. First Olympic Games held in Greece.

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To honor their gods and goddesses, Greek athletes took part in athletic competitions every four years. The competitions were held at the city of Olympia and were called the Olympic Games. The original Olympic Games included footraces, boxing, wrestling, chariot races, and many other events. The first modern Olympics were held in 1896 in Athens.

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About 5,000 years ago, nomads settled in valleys along the Indus River in an area that is now Pakistan. The first settlements were built on the shores of the river. The soil was rich there, and farmers grew large crops of wheat, barley, and beans.

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Sumerians invent cuneiform writing system.

Sumerians created a way of writing called cuneiform (kyoo • NEE • uh • FAWRM). The cuneiform writing system was made up of about 1,200 different characters. Characters represented such things as names, physical objects, and numbers. Cuneiform was written by cutting wedge-shaped marks into damp clay with a sharp reed. The name cuneiform comes from a Latin word meaning "wedge." Sumerians wrote on clay because they did not have paper. Archaeologists have found cuneiform tablets that have provided important information about Mesopotamian history.

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The Indus culture flourished between 2600 b.c. and 1900 b.c. We know about the Indus culture from studying the ruins of two major cities, Mohenjo-Daro (moh • HEHN • joh DAHR • oh) and Harappa (huh • RA • puh). At their peak, both Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa had more than 35,000 residents. The cities were designed almost exactly alike. Each city had dozens of streets. Larger streets were paved with tan-colored bricks. The smaller streets that crossed them were often left unpaved. At the west end of each city stood a fortress built on a brick platform and surrounded by strong, thick walls.

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Mesopotamian

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Born around 551 B.C. to a farming family, Confucius lived when rival kings were engaged in competitive power struggles. He criticized the misrule of these kings and urged people to follow the beliefs of their ancestors. His teachings encouraged people to value morality, justice, and sincerity in dealings with others. Confucianism was based on the teachings of his name.

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Egyptians develop hieroglyphics

Like the Mesopotamians, the Egyptians developed their own writing system. At first, Egyptian writing was made up of thousands of picture symbols that represented objects and ideas. A house, for example, would be represented by a drawing of a house. Later, Egyptians created symbols that represented sounds, just as the letters of our alphabet do. The combination of pictures and sound symbols created a complex writing system called hieroglyphics (hy • ruh • GLIH • hks).

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Historians call the early period of human history the Stone Age. They do this because it was the time when people used stone to make tools and weapons. The earliest part of this period was the Paleolithic (pay • lee • uh • LIH • thick) Age. In Greek, paleolithic means "old stone." Therefore, the Paleolithic Age is also called the Old Stone Age. The Paleolithic Age began about 2.5 million years ago and lasted until around 8000 b.c. Remember, that is about 4,500 years earlier than recorded time, which starts about 5,500 years ago.

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Brooke-1000 B.C. Aryans control northern India

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Brooke-1000 B.C. Aryans control northern India

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The Aryans were not a big "group" but when they came to India they helped develop the civilizations there.

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Hazel- 1045 B.C. Zhou dynasty established.

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Hazel- 1045 B.C. Zhou dynasty established.

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The Zhou ruled China for more than 800 years—longer than any other dynasty in Chinese history. In 1045 B.C., rebels led by an aristocrat named Wu Wang overthrew the Shang government in China. When his victory was complete, Wu declared a new dynasty called the Zhou.

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c. 563 B.C. The Buddha is born-Jacob Lochner

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c. 563 B.C. The Buddha is born-Jacob Lochner

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Siddhartha Gautama was born around the year 563 B.C. He grew up as a prince in a small kingdom near the Himalaya. One day he left his palace to explore the life of ordinary people in the kingdom and was shocked at the misery and poverty around him. For the first time, he understood that the world was filled with suffering.

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825 B.C. Trading crossroads established in Syria

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825 B.C. Trading crossroads established in Syria

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Jaz

The Assyrians created a large, powerful kingdom that extended into present-day Syria. Trade routes developed in the region. The Assyrians traded with others for wood and metal to supply their empire with material for building and for making tools and weapons.

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Harappa flourishes
At their peak, both Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa had more than 35,000 residents. The cities were designed almost exactly alike. Each city had dozens of streets. Larger streets were paved with tan-colored bricks. The smaller streets that crossed them were often left unpaved. At the west end of each city stood a fortress built on a brick platform and surrounded by strong, thick walls.

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Cattle herders arrive in Nubia

Nubia was located south of Egypt along the Nile River in present-day Sudan.

Cattle herders were the first people to settle in this region, arriving about 2000 b.c. They herded long-horned cattle on the savannas (suh • VA • nuhs), or grassy plains, that stretch across Africa south of the Sahara. Later, people settled in farming villages along the Nile River.

Unlike the Egyptians, the Nubians did not rely on the Nile floods to create fertile soil. Their land had fertile soil and received rainfall all year long. Nubian villagers grew crops such as beans, yams, rice, and grains.

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Hazel- B.C. 2540 B.C. Great Pyramid built in Giza.

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Hazel- B.C. 2540 B.C. Great Pyramid built in Giza.

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The Egyptian pyramids are one of the most impressive monuments of the ancient world. In the mid-2000s B.C., the Egyptians built the biggest and grandest of the pyramids, the Great Pyramid. It is about 10 miles away from the modern city of Cairo. Built for King Khufu, the Great Pyramid is one of three pyramids still standing at Giza on the Nile's west bank. It is about the height of a 48-story building, toweling nearly 500 feet above the desert. It extends over an area equal in size to nine football fields. More than 2 million stone blocks were used in the pyramid's construction, each weighing an average of 2.5 tons.

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This change in the way people lived marked the beginning of the Neolithic Age (nee • uh • LIH • thick). It began about 8000 b.c. and lasted until around 4000 b.c.—about 4,000 years. The word neolithic is Greek for "new stone." Calling this time period the New Stone Age, however, is somewhat misleading. Although new stone tools were made, the real change in the Neolithic Age was the shift from hunting and gathering to systematic agriculture. This is growing food on a regular basis.

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3200 B.C. Sumerians invent cuneiform writing system

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3200 B.C. Sumerians invent cuneiform writing system

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Jaz
The writing system they developed is the earliest known system in the world. Writing was a way for Sumerians to keep records of their lives and their history. Writing was also a way to share information. They could pass on their ideas to later generations. Sumerians created a system of writing called cuneiform. The cuneiform writing system was made up of about 1,200 different characters. Characters represented such things as names, physical objects, and numbers. Cuneiform was written by cutting wedge-shaped marks into damp clay with a sharp reed. Sumerians wrote on clay because they did not have paper. Archaeologists have found cuneiform tablets that have provided important information about Mesopotamian history. Only a few people—mostly boys from wealthy families— learned how to read and write cuneiform. After years of training, some students became scribes, or official record keepers. Scribes wrote documents that recorded much of the everyday life in Mesopotamia, including court records, marriage contracts, business transactions, and important events. Some scribes were judges and government officials. Sumerians told stories orally for centuries. After developing writing, they were able to record these stories. Their tales praised the gods and warriors for doing great deeds. The world’s oldest known story is from Sumer. Written more than 4,000 years ago and still studied today, this story is called the Epic of Gilgamesh.

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Brooke-1045 B.C. Zhou dynasty established

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Brooke-1045 B.C. Zhou dynasty established

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The Zhou dynasty overthrew the Shang government and lasted longer than any other dynasty in early china, over 800 years!

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Emily H - c. 1750 B.C. Shang dynasty begins 

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Emily H - c. 1750 B.C. Shang dynasty begins 

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The Shang dynasty is the first Chinese dynasty to leave historical records. Archaeologists have unearthed long-buried walls and buildings, and these ruins show that the Shang built the first cities in China. The dynasty is thought to have ruled from about 1600 to 1046 B.C.

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Hazel- 8000 B.C. Farming begins in Southwest Asia.

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Hazel- 8000 B.C. Farming begins in Southwest Asia.

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By 8000 B.C., people in Southwest Asia began growing wheat and barley. They also domesticated pigs, cows, goats, and sheep. From there, farming spread into southeastern Europe. By 4000 B.C., farming was an established economic activity in Europe.

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1792 B.C. Hammurabi becomes king of Babylonian Empire

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1792 B.C. Hammurabi becomes king of Babylonian Empire

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Jaz
A people called the Amorites lived in a region west of Mesopotamia. In the 1800s B.C., they conquered Mesopotamia and built their own cities. Babylon was the grandest of these cities. It was located on the eastern bank of the Euphrates River in what is now Iraq. Around 1792 B.C., the Babylonian king, Hammurabi, began conquering cities controlled by the Amorites to the north and south. By adding these lands he created the Babylonian Empire. This new empire stretched north from the Persian Gulf through the Tigris-Euphrates river valley and west to the Mediterranean Sea.

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Hazel- 3000–1200 B.C. Bronze Age begins.

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Hazel- 3000–1200 B.C. Bronze Age begins.

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Bronze became widely used between 3000 and 1200 B.C. This period is known as the Bronze Age. By the beginning of the Bronze Age, communities were widespread. More complex cultures called civilizations began to develop in these communities. Four of the great river valley civilizations—Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, and China—emerged around 3000 B.C.

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Founded by Liu Bang the Han dynasty lasted over 400 years.

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Hazel- 3000 B.C. City-states arise in Sumer.

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Hazel- 3000 B.C. City-states arise in Sumer.

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Sumerian cities were surrounded by mudflats and patches of scorching desert. The harsh landscape made it hard to travel by land and communicate with other groups. This meant that each city was cut off from its neighbors. As a result, Sumerian cities became independent. The people of each city raised their own crops and made their own goods. As the cities grew, they gained political and economic control over the lands around them. By doing this, they formed city-states. Each city-state had its own government and was not part of any larger governing state.

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Born around 551 B.C. to a farming family, Confucius lived when rival kings were engaged in competitive power struggles.

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Buddhism spreads from India to china

Siddhartha gave up all he had and became a monk. Saying good-bye to his wife and son, he began his journey to find the meaning of life. Dressed in a yellow robe, he traveled the country, stopping to meditate, or think deeply. As he preached his message to people, he gathered followers. His teachings became known as Buddhism.

What Did the Buddha Teach?

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Emily H - c. 2.5 million B.C. Paleolithic Age begins

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Emily H - c. 2.5 million B.C. Paleolithic Age begins

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Historians refer to the early period of human history as the Stone Age, the time when early humans used stone to make tools and weapons. The earliest part of this period was the Paleolithic Age. In Greek, paleolithic means “old stone.”

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Buddhism spreads from India to China

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Shang dynasty begins

What we know about the early people of China comes from the things they left behind. Archaeologists have unearthed clay pots and cups in the Huang He valley that date back thousands of years. These artifacts show that the Huang He valley was the birthplace of Chinese civilization.

Archaeologists think that people settled in the valley because of its rich soil. Early settlers farmed the land. As in other early civilizations, people here also used the river for travel and trade. As the population grew, the Chinese began building towns.

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Emily H - c. 4000 B.C. Neolithic Age ends

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Emily H - c. 4000 B.C. Neolithic Age ends

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During the late Neolithic Age, people continued to make technological advances. Toolmakers created better farming tools as the need for them arose. These included 🤬 for digging soil, sickles for cutting grain, and millstones for grinding flour.

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Confucious is born
Confucianism (kuhn • FYOO • shuh • nih • zuhm) was based on the teachings of a man named Confucius (kuhn • FYOO • shuhs). Born about 550 b.c. to a farming family, Confucius lived when rival kings fought each other for power. Confucius criticized the misrule of these kings. He urged the people to follow the beliefs of their ancestors. If people would do that, Confucius believed, it would bring peace and harmony to China.

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1800 B.C. Egyptians use mathematics for architecture - Emily Fay

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1800 B.C. Egyptians use mathematics for architecture - Emily Fay

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The Egyptians made important contributions to the field of mathematics. When they were building the pyramids, they used math to calculate how much stone was needed for each structure. They also measured angles so they could correctly construct the walls of the pyramid. These calculations helped the Egyptians determine the proportions of the pyramids. The Egyptians invented a system of numbers based on the number 10.

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3200 B.C. Sumerians invent cuneiform writing system - Emily fay

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3200 B.C. Sumerians invent cuneiform writing system - Emily fay

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The writing system they developed is the earliest known system in the world. Writing was a way for Sumerians to keep records of their lives and their history. Writing was also a way to share information. They could pass on their ideas to later generations. Sumerians created a system of writing called cuneiform. The cuneiform writing system was made up of about 1,200 different characters. Characters represented such things as names, physical objects, and numbers. Cuneiform was written by cutting wedge-shaped marks into damp clay with a sharp reed. Sumerians wrote on clay because they did not have paper.

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Emily H - 3000 B.C. City-states arise in Sumer

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Emily H - 3000 B.C. City-states arise in Sumer

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Sumerian cities were surrounded by mudflats and patches of scorching desert. The harsh landscape made it hard to travel by land and communicate with other groups. This meant that each city was cut off from its neighbors. As a result, Sumerian cities became independent. The people of each city raised their own crops and made their own goods.

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c. 100,000 B.C. Last Ice Age begins - Emily fay

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c. 100,000 B.C. Last Ice Age begins - Emily fay

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The ice ages were long periods of extreme cold that affected all of Earth. The most recent Ice Age began about 100,000 years ago. Thick sheets of ice moved across large parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. As the glaciers grew larger, the water level of the oceans was lowered. The low sea levels exposed a strip of dry land connecting the continents of Asia and North America. This strip of land was known as a land bridge.

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Emily H - 1792 B.C. Hammurabi becomes king of Babylonian Empire

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Emily H - 1792 B.C. Hammurabi becomes king of Babylonian Empire

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A people called the Amorites lived in a region west of Mesopotamia. In the 1800s B.C., they conquered Mesopotamia and built their own cities. Babylon was the grandest of these cities. It was located on the eastern bank of the Euphrates River in what is now Iraq. Around 1792 B.C., the Babylonian king, Hammurabi, began conquering cities controlled by the Amorites to the north and south.

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c. 8000 B.C. Farming begins in Southwest Asia - Emily Fay

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c. 8000 B.C. Farming begins in Southwest Asia - Emily Fay

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By 8000 B.C., people in Southwest Asia began growing wheat and barley. They also domesticated pigs, cows, goats, and sheep. From there, farming spread into southeastern Europe. By 4000 B.C., farming was an established economic activity in Europe.

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Emily H - c. 1500 B.C. Aryans begin migration to India

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Emily H - c. 1500 B.C. Aryans begin migration to India

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The Aryans were a group of people who migrated from Central Asia to India. They moved from place to place in order to find fresh pastures and water for their cattle. The Aryans mixed with descendants of the Indus Valley people, creating a new culture.

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c. A.D. 100 Buddhism spreads from India to China-Jacob Lochner

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c. A.D. 100 Buddhism spreads from India to China-Jacob Lochner

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Buddhism spread from India to China in part because of the Silk Road. The Silk Road was an ancient trade route that linked China with the West, transporting goods and ideas between Rome and China. The fall of the Han dynasty and the long period of unrest that followed also spurred the spread of Buddhism.

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c. A.D. 190 Han capital of Luoyang destroyed-Jacob Lochner

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c. A.D. 190 Han capital of Luoyang destroyed-Jacob Lochner

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Luoyang was the capital of nine ruling dynasties and a center for Buddhism. During the Han dynasty, many of the emperors who succeeded Han Wudi were weak and dishonest. Corrupt officials and greedy aristocrats took over land and forced many farmers to give up their property. People began to rise up and rebel against the Han rulers. Rebel armies destroyed the Han capital, Luoyang in A.D.