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To prove the efficiency of hexagons and its relation to the real world, have students work in groups where they use ice cream sticks and glue to make hexagons and construct a honeycomb wall art.

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1.  Learning is an active process of creating meaning from experience where students make sense of the information and construct their own knowledge. The teacher serves as a guide to help students during the learning experience.
2. The teacher should support and accept student autonomy and initiative; their ideas should be discussed and celebrated.
3. Encourage teacher-to-students and student-to-student communication.
4. Encourage student critical thinking and inquiry by asking thoughtful, and open-ended questions. Use words like classify, analyze, predict, and create in your questioning.
5. Introduce the material in different ways: visual, audio, reading, etc. to address all learning styles.
6. Present information to students that might challenge their previous knowledge and create disagreements that encourage discussions.

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1.  How information is internalized (or learned) depends on whether it was within a learner’s Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), which is based upon a spectrum.

a. What learners can do without any assistance is at one end of the spectrum

b. What learners can do while being assisted is at the other.

c. What a student is not yet capable of doing or has not yet learned but can be taught with the proper instruction from peers or knowledgeable adults.

2.  Full cognitive development requires social interaction. (Development cannot be separated from its social context).

3.  Cognitive development is limited to a specific range at any given age.

4.  Scaffolding is the support given during tasks outside of a student’s ZPD can become accessible if carefully structured. (Knowledge is not transferred but personally constructed).

5.  The highest level of observational learning is achieved by first organizing and rehearsing the modeled behavior symbolically and then enacting it overtly. Coding modeled behavior into words, labels, or images results in better retention than merely observing.

6.  Language plays a central role in mental development.

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What is the Constructivist Learning Theory?

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What is the Constructivist Learning Theory?

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The Constructivist Learning theory is foundational to Piaget's work. He believed that people are always creating knowledge from their everyday experiences. This means people are always building on prior knowledge. When we look at the process of learning from this perspective, the teacher must inform themselves on students background knowledge as it directly informs they way they learn.

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What is the Sociocultural Learning Theory?

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What is the Sociocultural Learning Theory?

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"Through others we become ourselves."- Vygotsky
Vygotsky theory states that what a person can learn is based on their social environment. What students learn in social settings become a part of their individual psychology. However, information is truly internalized due through the help of an More Knowledgeable Other (MKO) in the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD). ZPD is best visualized as three circles that exist inside one another. The smallest circle is what the student can already do. The larger circle that surrounds the small one represents what the student can do with the help of the MKO, and the largest circle that exists outside of that is what the student cannot do yet. Another important concept of the Sociocultural Learning Theory is the concept of semiotic mediation. This how information from the social level transfers to the individual. This is essential to the teacher's understanding as students are impacted by cultures that exist outside of the classroom.

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In small groups the students will construct the different shapes they are having difficulties identifying.
Students will also identify the shapes in their environment.

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Have a group of students work in a group with legos to visually prove the  Pythagorean Theorem with the guidance of the teacher.