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Anger of Parties Promised Land in exchange for fighting in WWI

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Anger of Parties Promised Land in exchange for fighting in WWI

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Effect of Global Depression on Brazil?
After the Coffee exports fell below 50% in 1930, in 1931 the govt ordered the dumping thousands of sacks of coffee into the Ocean in order to prevent prices from falling further. Sugar production also became so cheap that they ended up just halting it all together.
How do the steps that Vargas takes compare to those of other totalitarian rulers at the time?
he adopted a form of developmentalism, lending protection to domestic industries, and devoted state funding to strategic sectors for investment. He is different from other rulers in the way that he adopted many forms of his own so called strategies, and was able to improve economic growth tremendously compared to others. He worked hard to improve schools and infrastructure, establishing state mortgage, and much more. his ability to improve the countries economy in his own way led him to be notorious throughout Brazils history.

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Nationalists? Consisted of mostly Roman Catholics, landowners, businessmen, and significant military members. These people were called rebels or perceived antagonists. They overthrew the Spanish leftist democratic republic because they wanted a monarchy in place of the republic with Francisco Franco as their leader. They started revolts and uprisings around the country in order to secure territory. This side of the war better equipped to win through their military experience and strength, aiding their victory.
Republicans/Loyalists? Consisted of urban workers, agricultural laborers, "educated" middle class, anarchists and socialists, this side was formed by the leftist Spanish government. They were aided by the Soviet Union and other international volunteers. Their cause for fighting was to preserve the republic. They lost because did not have the military support that the nationalists did.
Some historians argue that the Spanish Civil War is the actual beginning of WWII, to what extent do you agree or disagree and why?
I believe that with the rising of dictatorship with Hitler's Nazi Party, the Spanish's nationalists gained inspiration to become one themselves. This marked the beginning of the tensions that lead to war. I disagree that this was the absolute point that caused the war, Isimply believe that it pushed towards it, as the earlier events such as Hitler's invasions would have inevitebly lead to war.

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Stalin's Growing Totalitarianism - (Sofia)

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Stalin's Growing Totalitarianism - (Sofia)

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Plans? The Bolsheviks wanted to ultimately have one dictator (Stalin) have total control over Russia, by prohibiting opposition parties, forcing labor, and exercising an extremely high degree of control over the public and private lives of the citizens involved, and controlling every single piece of media that was allowed
Targeting? They targetted Russia and from there out with the alliance from the Nazi party he tried annexing parts of Poland Romania, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania and launched an invasion of Finland.
Effects? Even with the warnings from both the American and British parties, about Germany breaking the Nazi-Soviet pact and invaded the USSR, Stalin still tried to invade Germany, which angered the Germans and caused a war.

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Stalin's 5 Year Plans & Collectivization (Mia)

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Stalin's 5 Year Plans & Collectivization (Mia)

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What were they? Stalin's five year plan was supposed to transform the USSR into an industrial power. Collectivization was the process through which farmland traded management from private owners to collectives.
What were the goals? The goal of the five year plan was to industrialize Russia, which had been largely agricultural up until that point. The goal of collectivization was to have small groups of peasants work the land freely.
What were the outcomes? The outcome of collectivization was that peasants were forced to work on the land by the state. The peasants became angry with the government and many moved to cities so they wouldn't have to work on the farms. The collectivization part of the five year plan failed, and many people starved. However, heavy industry did grow and there were many available factory jobs.

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Rising Nationalism and Anti-Colonial Movements 

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Rising Nationalism and Anti-Colonial Movements 

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Colonies of allied powers felt betrayed that their sacrifices during the war were not acknowledged, and angered that they were not afforded the opportunity for self-determination that some European peoples were given

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Chinese Nationalist Party & Sun Yatsen - (Sofia)

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Chinese Nationalist Party & Sun Yatsen - (Sofia)

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Grievances? The Chinese nationalist party was created to overthrow the Chines monarchy and after Sun died was lead by Chiang Kai-shek who wanted to defeat warlords and unify the country.
Plans? Chiang planned to lead an expedition through the North of China, with the help of the Soviet Union and the Chinese Communist Party but dismissed both after feeling like they were trying to get rid of the CNP and take over
Targeting? Chiang decided that the CNP were targeting the CCP first, and made the first attack
Effects? The attack caused a war between the CNP and the CCP, which the CCP lost and the CNP overthrew the surrounding governments, and suings Sun Yat-sen's "Three Stages of Revolution" theory started rebuilding China

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Grievances? The CCP were upset with Europe for supporting Japan after WWI, and they rejected Western government. They instead wanted to have a Marxist government, like the Soviet Union.
Plans? Mao believed that instead of a revolution led by the working class in the cities, the peasants could lead because they made up the majority of the population. The CCP retreated into the interior of China and spent years hiding and training.
Targeting? They were training to fight the nationalists however the nationalists got to them first and forced them to retreat.
Effects? The fight with the nationalists caused the Long March, which was a 6,000 mile retreat of Mao's forces. The Long March weakened the CCP, but they ended up gaining support from peasants, which helped them eventually take control of China.

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Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (Louisa)

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Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (Louisa)

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What is it? The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere was a concept created and implemented during the Showa era by the gov. and military of the Empire of Japan. It was created as a representation of their goals and desires.
What are the goals? The GACPS's goals were to create a self sufficient group of Asian nations, free from the Western powers and led as one by Japan.

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1. Effect of Global Depression on Japan?
There was a moderate decline of production, resulting in a need for more  exports and trade agreements. The major decline in production also led to mass unemployment and political crisis. The impact global depression had on Japan was lesser than that of the United States or Britain, lasting fewer years, though they did have to isolate themselves to avoid more damage than what they had taken already.
2. New Territories Seized?
While trying to relieve the effects of the depression in Japan, military officers Manchuria, a region with an abundance of raw materials, and coastal China in 1937.
3. Why did they leave the League of Nations?
After it was recommended that Manchuria became a state under Chinese sove

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Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia

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Areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America that were economically dependent on Imperial powers experience severe economic consequences

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What is it? A program administration of the U.S, consisting of various projects, during Franklin Roosevelt's control in order to stabilize the economy. It promoted regulation of the economy by the government, designed to comfort Americans and
Relief? Wanted relief for the poor and unemployed.
Recovery? Wanted to recover from the damages the Great Depression impacted upon the economy. It was in hopes to alleviate the vast unemployment rate.
Reform? Wanted a reform of the industries of agriculture, finance, waterpower, labor, and housing. Had effects such as the abolition of child labor

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Starting with the US, countries begin passing tariffs intending to protect their domestic economies.
How does this help create a GLOBAL depression?
By raising tariffs through the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act, the initial intention was to protect American farmers, however, this had the opposite effect. As a response countries out of U.S set trade restrictions. It became harder to afford importations, as a result, there was a decrease in imports and exports so. This together, the chain effect, decreased global trade

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1. After a brief surge in the 20's people have over-invested in the stock market  --> Crash
2. Agricultural Overproduction --> low prices on goods --> farmers can't pay off debts
3. European debtors aren't paying

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France and Britain are counting on German reparations and Soviet debt repayments in order to pay their own debts, no money in = no money out

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Grievances? Fascism appeared in Europe specifically Italy after WW1 when Europeans were desperate for strong leadership and national unity, and Benito Mussolini saw the opportunity to start his own political party
Plans? Mussolini planned to completely change Italy and later on Europe by having absolute power of the state, have countries be ruled by a dictator, corporatism, extreme Nationalism, superiority of the nation’s people, and militarism and imperialism. He even created his own squad of street fighters who were named "Blackshirts"

Targeting? He would go on the streets with his back shirts and beat up communists and socialists, and threw them out of local governments. After these small encounters that gained more followers, he started to aim higher and attacked the Italy capital
Effects? The government leaders resigned, which caused a need for a new prime minister, and after demanding for years the king gave in and assigned Mussolini as the minister. From there on he kept gaining more and more government and church support using bribes and his own charm, he went to war and started overthrowing governments in other countries while continuing to push his political agenda, which, after seeing the power he had gained, influenced many political partys

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Grievances? The Nazi party wanted to fix the German economy which had been extremely inflated and fix unemployment among men, as many men were unemployed due to the failing economy. They also believed Jewish people were trying to destroy the "Aryan race" and wanted to stop that.
Plans? Hitler created the Nazi party which employed many men among its ranks. He also increased deficit spending and cancelled German reparation payments to stimulate the economy and take on infrastructure projects. The Nazis increasingly oppressed Jewish people and other ethnic minorities, eventually leading to the Holocaust.
Targeting? The Nazis mainly targeted Jewish people, communists, and ethnic minorities, by blaming them for the country's problems and killing them. They also targeted German youth, but in a different way, they wanted youth to join the Nazi party.
Effects? Many Jewish people and others ended up dying as a result of the Holocaust. Hitler's policies eventually led to WWII because he tried to expand Germany and other countries got involved in fighting with and against him.

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Germany doesn't have money to pay, so they just print more

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Growing Resentment of the Weimar Republic

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Growing Resentment of the Weimar Republic

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China wants German Colonies in East Asia

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China wants German Colonies in East Asia

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China supported the Allied Powers in the war

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(none of the other Cental Powers exist anymore)

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- France experienced devastation due to being a major front of the war
- Britain wants payback too

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- "Peace without Victory"
- Self-Determination for former Central Powers territories
- 14 Points & League of Nations

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Bolshevik Russia refused to pay their war debts to the Allied Powers  --> Allied Powers refuse to recognize the new Bolshevik government

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Italy switched alliances in 1917 with the promise of new territory if/when the Allied Powers won.