# data[].attributes.body
For this subject you shall be creating 3 design projects - Task 3 & Task 4 require you to incorporate a different architectural style for each project.
(CPPBDN5009A Required Knowledge criteria)
In preparation for  Tasks 3 & 4 student are to select and research two architectural styles, not less than 20 years apart on the timeline.
The "Timeline Posts" for these 2 tasks are due / to be added to the timeline with Task 3C and Task 4C - presentation of design concept.

Select an architectural style and upload the following details to 'hold' it while you research and upload supporting information.
Watch the "how to add an architectural style to the timeline" padlet on the timeline and get started.

Commence your timeline post with -
* the date era (line 1)
* title of architectural style (line 2)
and upload an external view of the architectural style.
3) your first name

Your post can be edited by clicking on the edit pencil (top right corner) when you are ready to add the following information.

Your description is to include the following -
1. design era (year range) of popularity
2. geographical region of popularity - where it commenced
3. five key design features associated with this architectural style - (5-10 words each)
4. how the style evolved from the style that preceded it eg social influences, political influences, world events (20-30 words)
5. how this style influenced the architectural style that proceeded it (20-30 words)
6. identify one aspect from this era that is reflected in todays preferred architectural design styles (15-20 words)

All responses are to be precise and concise!

At the end of the subject you are able to download a timeline of the styles researched by the class - this will be a valuable resource which shall assist you throughout your career.

# data[].attributes.body
As facilitator of the Padlet Timeline I have the authority to remove any unconstructive comments added to your peers Padlets - AND remove you from the subject.  Please do not put me in the position that I ever need to do this.                    Be polite and be constructive - you will meet many interesting people and learn immensely from them.

# data[].attributes.headline
HOW TO ADD AN ARCHITECTURAL STYLE TO THE TIMELINE

# data[].attributes.subject
HOW TO ADD AN ARCHITECTURAL STYLE TO THE TIMELINE

# data[].attributes.body
Click on and watch the recording posted above and review the example (1730-1760 Rococo) provided to guide you.

# data[].attributes.body
Ensure that you save this valuable resource at the end of semester.  A pdf version can be obtained by :
- clicking on the three horizontal dots at the top right hand corner of this screen
- click on export
- click on "save as PDF'

You shall have a full document including images.
Hope you find this helpful with your studies and future in the industry.

# data[].attributes.body
(anonymous comments are welcome but please feel free to add your initials to your comments or contact me directly if you would like to discuss this feedback)
1. was the collaborative task beneficial to creating a architectural styles timeline that shall assist you with your task design projects?
If so - how....
If not - why.....
2. will the timeline benefit your future subjects and career in the industry?
3. are the instructions how to use the timeline easy to follow?
If not - why.....
4.  did you have any technology issues (ie. access ,browser etc) using this task?
If so - let me know.......

# data[].attributes.body
Rhys Ward

1. Originated in Germany in the 11th century and its english translation is 'Half timbered House'. It soon spread to neighbouring countries, France, Italy, Austria, Northern Italy and even the UK and netherlands.

2. Key charachteristics include
- A stone/brick foundation
- Vertical posts
- wooden horizontal beams that:
put on the base, tie the upper ends of the vertical posts.
- Different shaped struts and beams for artistic effect
- A plaster coating on the panels
- Clay/straw filled panels
- Gable/ Spire roof

3. It is an evolution of early German housing created using poles dug into the ground, once erect, the poles were filled with panels consisting of straw, wicker rods and clay. As time progressed, beams and strurs were added to create houses withg more protection from the cold. In wealthier parts of Germany, decorations and carvings are added (more common in north)

4.  Its development spans from the Gothic period and Late Baroque and Classicism to todays modern design using updated materials such as glass, steel and concrete. There are companies today that can design and build modern bespoke fachwerk houses.

5. The timber frame structure and gable roof designs are still around today incorporated into modern house designs.

# data[].attributes.body
Rococo or late late Baroque
**EXAMPLE**

The Rococo Era
2/  First appeared France and Italy in 1730's - spread to Central Europe in 1750's
3/  Key characteristics
- asymmetrical scrolling curves providing motion to the design
- white and pale pastel colours - little decorative contrast
- "exuberant decoration" with chandeliers and velvet upholstery
- style depicted themes of love, classical myths, youth, and playfulness
- illusionist ceiling painting such as sky settings
- moulded stucco, wood carvings, cherubs and figurines placed to peer down on guests

4/  Preceding Architectural Style
Evolved from the height of the bold forceful style of the Baroque era.  The previous era celebrated the strength and wealth of the Catholic Church across Europe.  As the Church's grip was challenged so was the style.  The Rococo style adopted the theatrics and awe creating components, while modifying the dramatic domes and columns.  External colours were a reaction to past strong colours of Baroque.
5/  Proceeding Architectural Style
Rococo was replace by the Neo Classical style - a symmetrical almost stern style.  It came into vogue during Kind Louis XV's rein - he was considered to be an ineffectual king who's leadership led to the French Revolution in 1789.  King Louis XV mistress, Madame de Pompadour, arranged for her nephew to be sent on a 2 year mission to study art and architectural development in Italy.  Upon his return he brought the neo classical style to art and architecture due to favour with the king.  This was in an era when it was life threatening to not agree with the king.

6/  Today the swooping roof is incorporated into many passive design house designs.  This give that sense of movement while effectively controlling wind deflection and winter sun access.

COMMENTS :

# data[].attributes.body
Rhys Ward

2. It originated in the UK and was named after Prince George 4, the current regent at the time. It spread to other colonies of the British Empire such as Australia.

3. It is charachterised as having large entrance columns, a white painted stucco facade, elegant wright iron balconies and large bow style windows. Intricate ornaments were often used in higher end examples.  Elegant yet magnificent, it remains a powerful and timeless style.

4. It is a late phase of the Georgian style Victoria Architecture, which is named after the four kings George from 1714 - 1830 in Britain. Essentially it is a more bold and refined style with columns, porticos, detailed carvings and ornaments added.

5. It was succeded by Edwardian Architecture. This is a Neo - Baroque architectural style that became very popular during the reign on King Edward. It is a more hybrid British/French style that incorporates large scale rustication, numerous vossoirs, domed rooftop corner pavillions and arched pediments.

6. Today, magnificent columned porches can be seen in grand house designs.

# data[].attributes.body
Californian Bungalow
Michael Ashton
1910 to 1939

1.Design era (year range) of popularity

The Californian bungalow style was particularly popular in Australia from 1913 onwards. This period coincided with the rise of the Hollywood film industry, which popularised American clothes, furniture, cars and houses, and also with the increased importation of U.S. architectural magazines into Australia, a society which previously had been heavily influenced by British domestic styles.
"...the concept of the bungalow as a cheap and attractive form of permanent suburban housing for the masses was stimulated by a variety of economic and social factors." quote from wiki
Timber versions of the bungalow were a low cost solution to shortages in housing and the California designs suited the growing suburbs of the larger cities in southern Australia. Having a similar climate to that of California the designs also reflected the requirements of Australians who needed to cater for relatively warm summers and mild winters.

The bungalow in Australia underwent regional adaptations, often being built in the local red brick in Melbourne and the local liver-coloured brick of Sydney and in limestone in South Australia. The bungalow was also constructed out of timber – in tropical Queensland these were raised on high (2.4 m (8 ft)) stilts as the Ashgrovian Queenslander

2. geographical region of popularity - where it commenced

The architectural style is also known as American Craftsman and was most widely used in Southern California, single family homes from about 1905

3. five key design features associated with this architectural style

1. Bungalows are one or one and a half story houses

2. eaves with unenclosed rafters

3.typically feature a dormer window(or an attic vent designed to look like one) over the main portion of the house.

Ideally, bungalows are horizontal in massing, and are integrated with the earth by use of local materials and transitional plantings. This helps create the signature look typically associated with the California bungalow. Note the stone pillars in the above photo

4.Bungalows commonly have wood shingle, horizontal siding or stucco exteriors, as well as brick or stone exterior chimneys and a partial-width front porch. Larger bungalows might have asymmetrical "L" shaped porches. The porches were often enclosed at a later date, in response to increased street noise. A "California" bungalow is typically not made of brick

5.True bungalows have a simple living room, entered directly from the front door, as well as a smaller kitchen. The focal point of the living room is the fireplace, and the living room often has a broad opening into a separate dining room.
All common areas are on the first floor with cozy atmospheres. The ceilings often feature redwood beams.

4. how the style evolved from the style that preceded it eg social influences, political influences, world events
The style evolved from the Arts and Crafts movement which developed in the British Isles and was popular from about 1880 to 1920 although it began in the 1860s,and is the root of the Modern style of architecture with the British version to later become Art Nouveau. The Californian Bungalow styling was preceded by the Gothic Revival of the late 19th Century and as a reaction by the Americans against the eclectic Victorian architecture.

5. how this style influenced the architectural style that proceeded it

It preceded Modernism of the 1930s.
6. identify one aspect from this era that is reflected in todays preferred architectural design styles

The bungalow style is a sturdy structure of clean lines and natural materials. Deep overhanging eaves, wide front porch are typical features. These aspects helped the homes stay cool in the Californian climate, similar to parts of Australia. These features are now in part, prominent in sustainable building

# data[].attributes.body
Streamline Moderne

Jacob Trowbridge

1. This style was popular between the 1930s and 1940s.

2. This architectural styles has it origins from America

3. five key design features associated with this architectural style include;

-The use of glass brick walls or porthole windows,

-flat roofs with no eaves hidden with parapets.

-chrome-plated hardware throughout the building

-horizontal grooves or lines in the walls.

-They were frequently white or in subdued pastel colors

4. The cylindrical forms and long horizontal windowing in architecture may also have been influenced by constructivism architectural style, and by the New Objectivity architectural style, a movement connected to the German Werkbund.

It was also influenced by art Deco design with buildings becoming more stream linned.

5. Mid century modern architecture followed shortly after which was included with the use of curves throughout the building.

6. One aspect from this era that carries into modern architectural design would be the curves on today's buildings.

-https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streamline_Moderne

-https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Art_Moderne

# data[].attributes.body
Jacob Trowbridge

1. This Architectural Style was most popular between the 1960s and 1970s.

2. This architectural styles has it origins from America.

3. five key design features associated with this architectural style include:

- Long, low-pitch roofline roofs

-  Asymmetrical rectangular, L-shaped, or U-shaped design

-  Vaulted ceilings with exposed beams often in combination with tongue and groove roof decking

-  Deep overhanging eaves

-  Mixed material exteriors of stucco and brick, wood or stone

4. The 20th-century ranch house style has its roots in North American Spanish colonial architecture of the 17th to 19th century.

5. Neo-eclectic style proceeded ranch style house with very late custom ranch houses of the later 1970s begin to exhibit features of the neo-eclectics, such as dramatically elevated rooflines, grand entryways, and traditional detailing. These neo-eclectic

houses typically continue many of the lifestyle black interior features of the ranch house, such as open floor plans, attached garages, eat-in kitchens, and built-in patios.

6. One aspect from ranch style architecture that has carried into today's architectural designs would be the open floor plans with people not wanting to feel enclosed into spaces.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranch-style_house

https://www.mydomaine.com/ranch-style-house-5115179

# data[].attributes.body
Industrial Architecture

Michael Ashton
1870 to 1914

1.Design era (year range) of popularity
Origin of design

Second Industrial Revolution late 19th early 20th Century is the origin of Industrial Architecture although it first appeared in the 1700s.

2. geographical region of popularity - where it commenced

The trend to turn former warehouses into artists lofts began in Manhattan in the 1960s The origin of this style was Britain

3. five key design features associated with this architectural style

1 Combination of functionality and design 2.Lack of ornamentation on building façade 3.Exposed brick, ductwork and piping that otherwise would be smoothed over in residential construction. Distressed and worn finishes from years of heavy use 4.Large metal-grid windows 5.Use of raw rough materials such as concrete, brick, metal

4. how the style evolved from the style that preceded it eg social influences, political influences, world events

Industrial Architecture in a way stands alone, it was designed to be functional, not decorative. It was designed to function and meet the needs of the every growing industrialisation of Britain and the world. Often bland, rarely were decorative designs incorporated.
In the late 19th Century new construction materials became available like metal and concrete over the previously used brick or stone.

5. how this style influenced the architectural style that proceeded it

Industrial Architecture is the design and construction of buildings serving industry. And this style influenced Modern Architecture as it bought with it new materials and hence new designs or ways to design

6. identify one aspect from this era that is reflected in todays preferred architectural design styles

The Industrial design on the late 19th early 20th century began to incorporate not only larger spaces but larger window to allow more natural light. This in turn increased productivity. I think its not this one feature but the realisation by designers about human comfort in their designs and what this means for our society

# data[].attributes.body
Postmodernism rejected the rules of its predecessor, modernism and strived to create ornamentation and artistic flair . This style began to compete with modernism in the late 1950s and gained ascendancy over it in the 1960s.

1.design era (year range) of popularity
Beginning in the  early 60s, the style flourished especially from the 1980s through the 1990s

2. Geographical region of popularity - where it commenced.
It was an international movement which initiated in USA . The pioneers of the movement were Denise Scott Brown and Robert Venturi.

3. five key design features associated with this architectural style
-Contradiction; postmodernism was a contradiction of all the movements that came before it—borrowing inspiration from a wide range of cultures and design elements to create work that had never been seen before.
-Asymmetry;  a pillar of the postmodern movement because of its ability to capture attention and create unique buildings that stood out.
-Humor, playful character; Both humor and camp, an ironic movement of gaudy art that was perceived as beautiful, were used interchangeably throughout the postmodern era, particularly in the United States
-Fragmentation; Postmodern architects were known for creating fragmented buildings that, while still connected as one building, took on the appearance of several different buildings that served various functions.
-Complexity; Complexity can be used to describe all postmodern works, as the integration of a variety of colors, textures, shapes, and themes construct the framework of these unique buildings. Complexity was used to pivot away from the uniformity of modernism and establish a new style of design. (Frank Gehry’s Dancing House)

-Adaptation of classic ideas to modern form

4. how the style evolved from the style that preceded it eg social influences, political influences, world events ?

As a targeted move away from the aesthetic limits of modernism, postmodernism emerged as an antidote to the form-follows-function mantra. It rejected the rules of its predecessor, modernism and strived to create ornamentation and artistic flair that was absent during the period prior to its conception. This was a time of upheaval and change with the civil rights movements. Economic down turns around the globe.

5. how this style influenced the architectural style that proceeded it ?

Postmodernism hit its peak during the mid eighties, since then it has been on a steady decline. Deconstructivism was  a direct reaction to postmodernism and sought to dismantle understood assemblages of architecture. This  style  was an experiment in the systematic separation, dislocation, rearrangement and distortion of form.

6. identify one aspect from this era that is reflected in todays preferred architectural design styles

Postmodernism as an architectural style had one very important effect: It freed many architects from the straitjacket of orthodox modernism. People began to accept the more complex designs of the post-modern world and the buildings began to become popular and more and more architectures began to come round to the idea. The inspiration from these initial designs reflected in  carrying on the idea of aesthetically pleasing designs and almost having more fun with  design rather than just focusing on the function.

Reference:

1.https://www.invaluable.com/blog/postmodern-architecture/

2.“Architectural styles – a visual guide” -  textbook, Thames & Hudson, 2020

3. https://www.ukessays.com/essays/cultural-studies/what-led-to-the-development-of-postmodernism-in-architecture-cultural-studies-essay.php

4. https://slate.com/culture/2011/11/postmodern-architecture-its-most-important-legacy.html

# data[].attributes.body
1.design era (year range) of popularity
Even though started as far as 1920s,  more  clear timeline gets beginning from 2000s.

2. Geographical region of popularity - where it commenced.
Newport Beach, California. this  place is famous for Completed in 1926 the Lovell Beach House .This is another masterpiece of modernist architecture by Rudolph Schindler and is recognized as one of his most important projects.

3. five key design features associated with this architectural style

-A modern coastal home will often be a streamlined design both internally and externally. Instead of ornate elements and heritage features that are often found with country or traditional style homes, a beach house design will have simple lines, a simplistic layout and features that flow easily throughout the home. In a beach house design, less is definitely more. Functional yet stylish, modern yet warm and inviting.

-A beach house design will often have a seamless connection between the interior and exterior space as well. Along with the continuation of the same or similar flooring, the openings can be opened completely with the doors stacking neatly to one side for the indoor and outdoor living to become one big space. This is a key feature in this design.

-Beach House Designs use Bright Light Tones;

A beach house design will exude a bright and airy feel that makes you feel relaxed. While the exterior still  can incorporate strong bold colours, the internal spaces are often bright light colours that work to enhance the streamline and modern features. . A modern beach house will use minimal decor elements, so the focus can remain on the beauty of the beach-inspired building design.

-A Design that maximises the Natural Light and Breeze

-Bigger windows and more glass elements are fundamental features of a contemporary beach house. Designed to allow maximum light into the home along with the breeze to promote natural cross-ventilation. Adding glass panels to doors, using glass balustrading to stairwells and using glass decor items work to further increase the overall beachside feel to the home. All this works around capturing the view and allowing the fresh sea air to circulate throughout the home.

-Contemporary beach House Designs Use Nature Inspired Materials and textures;
selecting natural materials and textures to help a  home not only blend in with the surroundings but enhance it. Externally you can use natural elements such as timber and rock, while internally you can incorporate natural products such as bamboo flooring, natural fibre rugs and carpets along with wood panelling to add subtle texture. Careful to stay away from any material that could rust or corrode in salt air. Adding bright, light furniture will provide the finishing touches to your beach house

4. how the style evolved from the style that preceded it eg social influences, political influences, world events

Early beach house styles started out as the summer shack -  was originally meant to serve as merely a home base at the shore, for all of the activities took take place outdoors including fishing, boating, surfing, mini golfing, kit flying and bike riding. simple escape from the summer heat in the days before air conditioning, beach houses have become a trend of second home ownership From a small summer shack on block foundation it evolved  to a 3-bedroom true year-round designed second homes at the beach house .

5. how this style influenced the architectural style that proceeded it
The style continues to develop  in the progression of lifestyle and family size.

First and foremost, the new beach house maximizes its setting to take advantage of every allowable foot in height and in area. Homes are as tall as they can be with roof decks that grab views from bay to ocean.

Another shift in the beach house paradigm is the fact that the second homes are nowadays often more expensive than their owners’ primary residences.

Outdoor living standards  evolve too and now include fancy  pools, fire features, pergolas and of course an outdoor bar.

6. identify one aspect from this era that is reflected in todays preferred architectural design styles

A style  that draws inspiration from the beautiful coastal surroundings – sun, waterview and seabreaze. Reflected in  coastal-inspired elements such as open plan living, natural materials and textures, bright and airy colours and a streamlined design

# data[].attributes.body
1. This architectural style came about in the 1990's and is popular today still

2. It has its origins from Classic Australian Coastal shack design from coastlines all around Australia.

3. Five key design features

- High ceilings
- Gable roof
- Timber/look weatherboard exterior
- High ceilings
- White, neutral and nautical colours

4. It has evolved from the Classic coastal shack  and is combined with a minimalist 'The Hamptons' modern design to create a light, bright open plan beachy feel.

5.  Coastal design is continually evolving and this has paved the way for more sophisticated coastal housing involving several stories and complex roof designs.

6. Cool, breezy open living spaces with white and bright colours are popular today.