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Earthquakes form on

* Reverse Faults

*Normal Faults

*Strike-Slip Fault

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80% of the worlds earthquake occur along the pacific rim called the "Ring of Fire"

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Earthquakes can be both a constructive and destructive force. When the fault lines move they can cause incredible damage and they also can cause new land formations. Ex. mountain ranges

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The plates slip by each other.

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Plates are forced apart each other, usually forming a Rift Zone.

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One plate is forced over another plate during movement creating a thrust fault.

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Most earthquakes occur at fault zones, where tectonic plates collide or slide against each other.

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Some 80 percent of all the planet's earthquakes occur along the rim of the Pacific Ocean, called the "Ring of Fire" because of the preponderance of volcanic activity there as well.

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Earthquakes can also be constructive by creating new landform

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extensional, transform, and compressional plate tectonic causes earthquakes

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Volcanoes can also cause earthquakes, majority of the time its caused by plate tectonics

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is the point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the center or focus, the point where an earthquake originates.

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There are three main plate tectonic environments: extensional, transform, and compressional. Plate boundaries in different localities are subject to different inter-plate stresses, producing these three types of earthquakes. Each type has its own special hazards.

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1. Shensi, China, Jan. 23, 1556

2. Tangshan, China, July 27, 1976

3. Aleppo, Syria, Aug. 9, 1138

4. Sumatra, Indonesia, Dec. 26, 2004

5. Haiti, Jan 12, 2010

6. Damghan, Iran, Dec. 22, 856

7. Haiyuan, Ningxia , China, Dec. 16, 1920

8. Ardabil, Iran, March. 23, 893

9. Kanto, Japan, Sept. 1, 1923

10. Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, Oct. 5, 1948

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1. There are four different types of volcano: Tectonic, volcanic, collapse and explosion.

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Fault- Surface along which rocks move when they pass their elastic limit and break.

Seismic wave- Waves generated by an earthquake when it travels through earth.

Epicenter- The point on Earth's surface directly above the earthquake focus.

Focus- The point where this energy release first occurs is the focus

P waves- Causes particles in rocks to move back and forth in the same direction.

S waves- Moves through Earth by causing particles in rocks to move at right angles to the direction of wave traveled.

Surface waves- Causes most of the destruction. Moves rock particles in a backward rolling motion and a side-side swaying motion.
Many buildings are unable to withstand surface waves.

Seismograph- Measures seismic waves from earthquakes.

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Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake. When two blocks of rock or two plates are rubbing against each other, they stick a little.

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Are also called temblors, they are tremendously destructive, it's hard to imagine they occur by the thousands every day around the world, usually in the form of small tremors

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a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, caused by movements of the earth's crust or volcanic action