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1. Why did America want Panama?
2. Why did Panama like the U.S.?
3. What were two positive and negative effects of the Panama Canal?

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Why They wanted Panama? *Spain wanted Panama because it had plenty of gold and gems. The gold would help Panama's economic systems and the gems were for the Kings and Queens to wear. *The United States was interested in Panama access to trading. Having a canal go to the Pacific

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The American Effect on Puerto Rico (Photo Secondary Source)

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The American Effect on Puerto Rico (Photo Secondary Source)

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1. What is the artist trying to show by showing these other countries out of place?
2. What do you notice about the front row of boys?
3. How was this picture important for others?

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American Imperialism effects on Alaska (Secondary source)

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American Imperialism effects on Alaska (Secondary source)

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1. why did the United States purchase Alaska?
2. what natural resources did the American people find that eventually paid off the expense of buying Alaska?
3. America buying Alaska stopped the British and the Spanish from doing what?

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Roots of Imperialism: Alaska and Hawaii

Background: Imperialism and its causes

What is Imperialism?
Imperialism is when a nation works to expand its power and influence over a weaker country. In most cases, countries establish control be coercion-- for example, through infiltration and annexation, political pressure, war and military conquest. Once conquered, this controlled country is referred to as a colony of the "mother country". Imperialism was achieved through a few things:

1. Economic benefits

2. Military strength

3. National superiority

Some examples of imperial nations during this time were USA, Germany, and Russia.
America chooses to imperialism during this time for economic benefits. Economic benefits include cheap labor, control over the market, and natural resources. These imperial countries would extract the raw materials and natural resources from the smaller country and send them to their home country to then make a profit. The conquered colonies were a great source of cheap labor for the mother country. They provided trading ports and agricultural land for the imperial nation.

In order to be ready for the upcoming war, most nations began building up their armies and increasing their stockpile of weapons. This was known as the arms race. A country that was heavily prepared was Germany. Germany, at this time, had the deadliest weapons and could face Britain's navy, the best in the world at the time. In the USA, Alfred T. Moahan encouraged the US navy to expand its world influence, promoting imperialism.

National Superiority

This idea of nationalism is extreme devotion to one's country. This made it real easy for countries to want improve imperialism; they thought they were the best, and they wanted everyone else to be like them. Instead of a country having many different ethnic groups, nationalists wanted the nation to express the nationalism of one single group. For example, France wanted to regain their lost territory of Alsace-Lorraine. Nationalism threatened minorities, because there was no longer a place in society for them. This idea of Social Darwinism, the idea that the best fit for society will survive in society, was extremely prominent in nationalism. A nationalistic approach to imperialism was accomplished by using racial, national, and cultural superiority as a justification. Nationalism influenced the arms race, as well.

Alaska And Hawaii

America takes over hawaii

USA first became interested in Hawaii as a supply point for shippers and sailors, as well as a midway point to East Asia. New England missionaries started living on the islands in 1820, and their descendants continued living there growing sugar. Sugar was a cash crop in Hawaii. The only problem was the US planters did not want to pay the high tariffs on the sugar, and the Queen in Hawaii also did not want the US planters to own land. To overcome these issues, they wanted to gain more influence on the islands. Eventually the USA told other countries to stay out of Hawaii. Before Hawaii even belonged to America, we made a commercial trade agreement and and a treaty to guarantee the US with a naval base there, Pearl Harbor. Queen L. opposed the USA conquering her country, but the whites in Hawaii, the minority, organized a revolt that was assisted by US troops who landed under John L. Stevens, US minister to Hawaii. They conquered Hawaii and set up a provisional government.

Americans applied for the annexation of Hawaii in 1893. The president, Grover Cleveland, denied the application because he felt that it was morally wrong. But in 1898, Hawaii was annexed into the USA, and Queen L. lost her throne. This imperial move to take Hawaii falls under the imperialist strategy of economic benefits, mostly. Hawaii was seen as a way to make profits for America by growing sugar. The significance of the USA taking Hawaii is that it started imperialism for America. This event also increased a sense of nationalism. The Americans living in Hawaii had a nationalistic point of view in mind when they decided they wanted to take over Hawaii. This mindset translated over to the mother country, and it influenced the people at home to want to expand and be enthusiastic about America. The legacy of this feat would be that the USA gained Pearl Harbor as a naval base.

Key Points:

1. Hawaii was a way station and a supply area for shippers, as well as a midway point to East Asia.

2. Hawaii was economically important to America because of their valuable sugar crops.

3. Imperialism is shown by the way the US planters revolt against the Hawaiian Queen to annex Hawaii.

4. Originally, the US president did not want to annex Hawaii for moral reasons, but in 1898 Hawaii was annexed into America.

5. Pearl Harbor was gained.

6. A sense of nationalism and an increase of imperialism was taken away from this American feat.

America Takes Over Alaska

1. Russia wanted to originally sell Alaska to America in 1859, in order to throw of the British.

2. Secretary of State, William H. Seward, bought Alaska in 1867 for $7.2 million, but critics called his his purchase "Seward's Folly", because they thought he was crazy.

3. This was imperialistic at the time because America wanted to control more land, and Alaska was an easy grab.

4. Later on, the Klondike gold fields, oil, and great fishing were discovered in Alaska, ultimately earning back every penny spent.

5. Ultimately, Alaska expanded America's borders and reaped many natural resources.

Russia offered to sell Alaska to the US in 1859, believing that if US purchased it then it would throw of Russia's greatest rival in the pacific, Britain. The sale was originally offered during Buchanan's administration, but the American civil war happened, putting Alaska on the back burner. After the war, Secretary of State, William H. Seward, agreed to purchase Alaska for $7.2 million. This purchase can be known as the "Treaty with Russia". At this point in history, Alaska was an unexplored, icebox that critics believed had no worth buying. Because of Alaska's current conditions, Seward's decision to buy Alaska from Russia on March 30, 1867 was called "Seward's Folly". This situation can be seen as an increase in imperialism for America in a certain way. Because at this point in time people had no idea of the natural resources in Alaska, the only way it can be perceived as a move towards imperialism in through the utter want to control more land. Later on, Americans realized how valuable Alaska really was, having natural resources like gold, fish, and petroleum.

The purchase of Alaska had a major impact at the time, and a long lasting legacy for America. The purchase of Alaska prevented British and Spanish expansion into North America, and the purchase allowed America to expand and imperialize. Later on, Alaska became the gateway to the Klondike gold fields. Also, Alaska was found to have a large supply of oil. The purchase of Alaska was seen as a key milestone on America's road to power.

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What is Imperialism? Imperialism is when a nation works to expand its power and influence over a weaker country. In most cases, countries establish control be coercion-- for example, through infiltration and annexation, political pressure, war and military conquest. Once conquered, this controlled country is referred to as a colony of the "mother country".

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American imperialism effects on Japan (Secondary source)

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American imperialism effects on Japan (Secondary source)

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1. What major manufactured good did Japan dominate?
2. Because of Imperialism what fueled the expansion of Japan?
3. In 1868 what made Japan a world power?

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How did imperialism affect Japan? Japan had a few natural resources and a growing population. Japanese imperialism differed from western imperialism because it was the first non-western imperial power, and that it rose to imperial status after facing colonization by the west

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The American Effect on the Philippines (Primary Source)

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The American Effect on the Philippines (Primary Source)

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1. what 3 countries were NOT under American sovereignty?
2. who would war be made against for the Philippines to gain liberty and independence?
3. the united states naval and field forces came to the Philippines for what reason?

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Aguinaldo's manifesto was issued as a protest against President McKinley's December 21, 1898 Benevolent Proclamation asserting that America intended to rule the Philippines. Aguinaldo's response was considered tantamount to a declaration of war.

January 5, 1899

General Otis styles himself Military Governor of these Islands, and I protest one and a thousand times and with all the energy of my soul against such authority. I proclaim solemnly that I have not recognized either Singapore or in Hong Kong or in the Philippines, by word or in writing, the sovereignty of America over this beloved soil. On the contrary, I say that I returned to these Islands on an American warship on the 19th of May last for the express purpose of making war on the Spaniards to regain our liberty and independence. I stated this in my proclamation of the 24th of May last, and I publish it in my Manifesto addressed to the Philippine people on the 12th of June. Lastly, all this was confirmed by the American General Merritt himself, predecessor of General Otis, in his Manifesto to the Philippine people some days before he demanded the surrender of Manila from the Spanish General Jaudenes. In that Manifesto it is distinctly stated that the naval and field forces of the United States had come to give us our liberty, by subverting the bad Spanish Government, And I hereby protest against this unexpected act of the United States claiming sovereignty over these Islands. My relations with the United States did not bring me over here from Hong Kong to make war on the Spaniards for their benefit, but for the purpose of our own liberty and independence. . .

Source: The Statutes At Large of the United States of America from March 1897 to March 1899 and Recent Treaties, Conventions, Executive Proclamations, and The Concurrent Resolutions of the Two Houses of Congress, Volume XXX, published by the U.S. Government Printing Office, 1899. Copy courtesy of the U.S. Library of Congress, Asian Division.

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Aguinaldo's Manifesto: HistoryWiz Primary Source

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Aguinaldo's manifesto was issued as a protest against President McKinley's December 21, 1898 Benevolent Proclamation asserting that America intended to rule the Philippines. Aguinaldo's response was considered tantamount to a declaration of war. January 5, 1899 General Otis styles himself Military Governor of these Islands, and I protest one and a thousand times and with all the energy of my soul against such authority.

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The American Effect on Cuba (Secondary Source)

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The American Effect on Cuba (Secondary Source)

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1.When did Cuba gain it's independence?
2.What was the Platt Amendment?
3.What did America use the land for?

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How did American imperialism affect Cuba politically, econom

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Secondary source 1: U.S. Domination Over Cuba Author: by Raymond Lotta Date: August 13, 2006 Rationale: I wrote this question because it seemed like something that I could get a lot of research from.What I will be looking at is what America did to Cuba to win the war. Primary