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How Engines Work - (See Through Engine in Slow Motion) - Smarter Every Day 166

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In this chapter William gets media attention
"I have a feeling this boy will go far"

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T- Technology
E- Entertainment
D- Design
TED represents spreading dirt or straw (spreading ideas).

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Come and See why Windsor Chico Care Center has become the choice for skilled nursing and rehab services in the area. Our team of professionals understand the importance of creating a warm, comfortable environment for all residents. Let us show you how we help people recover from surgery, injury and serious illness.

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Validation- The feeling of something you do being justified

William feels validated because people are reporting on his windmill.

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1) Kind
2) Well-meaning
3) Inteligent

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In this chapter William gets to speak at TED.
"I try, and I made it."

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1) It is in California
2) Many computer software companies are based there
3) Prunes used to grow in silicon valley

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Someone who lends money to starting businesses.

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"Where the world sees trash Africa recycles"

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1) Sketchy
2) Kind
3) Hard Working

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This chapter describes what is happening right before their crop is ready to harvest.
"We lived, we survived"

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William is hopeful because their crop will soon be ready to harvest.

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Epidemic- A widespread disease at a particular time.
Cholera- An infectious disease of the small intestine usually from contaminated water
1) Cholera can kill within hours
2) 75% of people infected with cholera do not show symptoms
3) Malnourished people are more likely to die from cholera.
4) Cholera is mainly spread from contaminated water
5) One in two people infected die

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I think that William killing his dog was not the right decision. If a person is starving you don't just kill them, you have hope that they will make it

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Simile- "His tail swung like mad" (p. 141)

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Simile- "My stomach was flattened like a tube."
Simile- "His tail swung like mad"

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In this chapter William builds a prototype windmill.
'''We did it! It actually worked'"

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William's and the creator of that video's situation relates because both of their schools are underfunded.

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Kinetic Energy - The energy of motion
Diode - An electrical device only allowing electricity to flow in one way
Electroscope - A device used to measure electricity
Electromagnetic Energy - Electric fields

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Throughout this chapter William works on his windmill and on is ridiculed.
"He's not a man-- just a lazy boy who plays with toys."

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The feeling gained from having someone do something for you.

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1)  PVC pipe blades
2) Dynamo generator

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William shows perseverance when he has to deal with criticism and when things don't go as planned.

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Inventors that were hated in their own time

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Inventors that were hated in their own time

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1) George Mendel
2) Albert Einstein

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1) The average cost of putting someone through high school is 650 dollars.
2) The average cost of college is 3,000

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In this chapter William finally finishes the windmill.
"'Electric Wind'" I answered"

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Chapter 12 - Always room for Improvement

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Chapter 12 - Always room for Improvement

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In this chapter William makes several improvement to the windmill.
""This is for all my scars" I shouted

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1) Stops the flow of electricity if there is a surge of voltage
2) They can be reset after a surge
3) Almost all houses have them

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definition; A device that can multiply or divide the voltage and current.
1) It is used in AC
2) By stepping up and down voltage, electricity can be transmitted very long distances
3) Transformers have 2 set of coiled copper wire
James Faraday
1) He is the father of electromagnetism
2) He didn't receive a proper education like William
3) He could only understand basic algebra

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How William's life is different after the windmill

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How William's life is different after the windmill

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After the windmill was built, William started to receive respect

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Definition:  A flammable gas made by the fermentation of organic material.
like bio gas Moto can be burned

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William tried to make a water pump, but it was to hard to use.

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Chapter 13 - How do you eat an elephant?

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Chapter 13 - How do you eat an elephant?

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I decided to name the chapter this because of the saying, "how do you eat an elephant? in many small bites"
This ties in to how in this chapter William teaches others about science so they can help Malawi too.
"In science we invent and create,' I said. 'We make new things that can benefit our situation. If we can all invent something and put it to work, we can change Malawi."

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William's role in using art to teach about AIDs

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William's role in using art to teach about AIDs

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William sets up a play to educate people on HIV and AIDs

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Definition: A disease that weakens the immune system.

HIV can become AIDS if untreated
With medicine HIV can be controlled.
A type of chimpanzee in central Africa is believed to be the origin of HIV

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William was blamed for the abnormal weather and for the spread of HIV.

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Grooving through life means that one is working all day with temporary jobs, and then drinking a lot of alcohol at night.

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1.) He creates a circuit breaker to prevent damage from a surge of electricity
2.) He replaces the bike chain with a belt

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1.) Carried by mosquitoes
2.) After the virus enters your body it heads for the liver
3.) To hide from the immune system, the virus wraps itself in the membrane of the host's dead cells
4.) Malaria can cause brain damage
5.) Once a mosquito bites an infected person it can then become a carrier for the disease.

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Is Society Obligated to Take Care of The Sick?

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Is Society Obligated to Take Care of The Sick?

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Yes, society should definitely take care of the sick. I could go into just the moral reasons of helping people, but the economic benefits speak for themselves too. First, if someone is sick and you do not treat them, they could spread the illness. Also, with the idea of insurance, by paying into it when you are well, you can take from it when you are sick. Finally, often times paying for people's healthcare is a decent investment.  A great example of this is medicaid which is a government service that provides healthcare to poor people.  When poor people have healthcare they are more active in the economy creating more tax revenue. This however does not bring back all of the money spent. Not helping the sick people of a society not only hurts the sick, but also the healthy.

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Mob mentality is the idea that people will "follow the herd" even if it means compromising their moral code. An example of this is that often times at trump rallies there will be protesters. Nobody harms the protesters until someone throws the first punch. After the first punch often times many people attack them at once.

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Physiological definition- How your body naturally reacts to something.
Physiology of Starvation-
Your body starts breaking down your own proteins (eating yourself) eventually causing organ failure

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The UN's world food program is the biggest world hunger program.
In the past many organizations have donated direct  food to the starving people.
Some argue that direct food donations however, hurt African economies by getting rid of a market for food. Also many people like Jimmy Carter argue that money should be spent to increase the efficiency of farming methods to help those countries industrialize.

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https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/may/22/africa-worst-famine-since-1985-looms-for-50-million
There is a huge famine across southern Africa.

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In Malawi the man has to pay for the wedding and has to pay a dowry.

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This chapter talks about the continuing struggle of living in the drought
"I've decided it's better if we go down to one meal per day" (p. 99).

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Genocide- The deliberate mass killing of people from a particular ethnicity or nationality.
Genocide in Rwanda-
Members of the Hutu ethnic majority killed 800,000 Tutsi's.
Caused by an increase in nationalism.
The genocide left a power vacuum.

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A decrease of red blood cells in the blood.

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There is a very high increase in the price of maize.
People don't rotate their crops making it impossible to grow on the same field for multiple years in a row without fertilizer.
People only plant one or two types of crop making them susceptible to disease.
Malawi has a rapidly growing population.
There is a lot of deforestation leading to a decrease in rainfall.

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Deforestation- The cutting down of a large amount of trees.
http://www.rippleafrica.org/environment-projects-in-malawi-africa/deforestation-in-africa
Deforestation deeply hurts the people of Malawi. Without wood people struggle to cook and heat their homes. Also when there are less trees there is less rain making farming more difficult. This increase in the difficulty of farming increases the amount of time it will take for Malawi to industrialize.

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Alternating Current- The flow of electrons goes back and forth very quickly
This type is often used in houses.
Developed by Nicola Tesla.
It is easier to transmit AC over long distances
Direct Current- The flow of electrons goes in a straight line
This type is often used by computers and other electronics.
Developed by Thomas Edison.
A special device is required to convert AC to DC.

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A bicycle dynamo can turn mechanical energy into electrical energy.
The light is often very bright.
With a lot of newer dynamos they don't slow you down that much.
A lot of newer dynamos can stay on for about five minutes after you stop pedaling.
Many people in the west do not like dynamos.

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This chapter talks about the farming practices of the Malawians and about a horrible drought.
"That year, the drought would be felt for several more seasons". (78)

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Simile- "The maize fields looked like onions, brown and brittle and ready to crumble to the touch".
Personification- "I saw a lamp flickering inside and found my father there alone, staring at the sacks as if he'd just asked them a question".

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In July, they clear maize stalks from the previous season.
August through November they spend digging through the dirt rows.
After the first rain the seeds are immediately planted.
Two weeks after the first rain they apply the first layer of fertilizer.
In December people buy fertilizer and seed.
December through January, The seedlings grow and ears start to sprout.
In May they harvest.

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Grasshoppers could be a new source of food worldwide.
Grasshoppers require very little food to raise.
Grasshoppers require very little water to raise.
Grasshoppers can be raised in very little space
Many people describe grasshoppers as tasting like peanuts.

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Sustainable- Able to be kept growing for many seasons
Ethical- To be Moral
Feasible-  Within the realm of
possibility

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https://experiencelife.com/article/the-power-of-curiosity/

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William Kamkwamba's Uncle dies and William hunts birds with his new pet dog.
"In January 1997. when I was nine years old, our family experienced a sudden and tragic loss".

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"My first and only experience with magic had left me with a sore eye and hands that throbbed from bad medicine."
This chapter talks about how William's mother and Father got married and about Mangolomera; a magic spell giving one incredible strength.
I chose this picture to represent the love between the two parents and the strength of Magolomera.

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Mangolomera- A power African magic supposedly having the ability  to make somebody insanely strong
William tried to gain this magic but it did not work and only led to strife. This taught William that people should not mess with magic.

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https://www.pambazuka.org/food-health/cash-crop-colonialism-and-attack-african-agriculture

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http://blogs.voanews.com/music-time-in-africa/2008/02/26/musical-sunshine-from-malawi/
Robert Fulumani was an outstanding musician

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President Banda was the leader of Malawi when it was a victim of Indirect Imperialism. Banda eventually led the country out of imperialism leading it to be a free country. Unfortunately he then like many other leaders out of imperialism made a one party state and made himself president for life. Once he became president for life he became very oppressive and executed many people. He eventually created a cult of personality even requiring people to hang up his picture in many public and private places.
Cult of Personality- When somebody uses propaganda to make themselves seem amazing.

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The Yao are a mainly Muslim ethnic minority in many countries. Many people of this minority in Africa are farmers.

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Info Text Strategies: Annotation, Reflection
Info Text Features: Table of Contents, Headings,  Illustrations
Info Text Structures: Chronological, Cause and Effect,  Compare and Contrast

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This chapter outlines African culture and details a bit of the early life of William Kamkwamba.
"Before I discovered the miracles of science, magic ruled the world."

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Gule Wamkulu- Mysterious cult of African dancers
Magic/Juju-  A type of karma that many people believe in in Africa
Black Rhinos- A species of dark skinned rhinos which includes four species. One is extinct, two are critically endangered, and one is close to extinction

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Prologue-An introduction before the first chapter
Memoir-A telling of an events or multiple events from one's life
Theme- The message of a story
Universal Theme- Common ideas in literature
Figurative Language- Language that does not mean exactly what it says.
Epilogue- A section of a story that serves as a comment or a conclusion to what has happened.
Allusion- A referance

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A memoir involves personal experiences and is only a short amount of one's life
Source:
(http://www.barbaradoyen.com/writing-nonfiction/what-is-a-memoir-what-makes-a-memoir-different-from-an-autobiography-or-biography and https://thewritelife.com/how-to-write-a-memoir/)