# data[].attributes.body
Adolescence lasting longer
adulthood
physical changes peak in 20s- slow decline
menopause
-the time of natural cessation of menstruation
slowed reactions
women outlive men by 3 years
Crystallized intelligence
ones accumulated knowledge and verbal skills
tends to increase with age
Fluid intelligence- ones ability to reason speedily and abstractly
Kubler Ross Grief
-denial
-anger
-bargaining
-depression
-acceptance
Does her case support nature vs nurture? 2 examples.

Which language theory is supported by this view? B.F. Skinner or Noam Chomsky? Evidence
Skinner, because it is learned and you are not born with it. We are born with ability to learn it.

# data[].attributes.body
G.Stanley Hall
- "Storm and stress"
three key aspects. conflict with parents, mood disruptions, risky behavior. Not everyone goes through this!!
Margaret Mead
"Easy transaction"
Not harsh and difficult but an easy move
Erikson
Identity vs Role confusion
James Marcia
Marcia interviewed students aged at 18 to 22 years about their occupational choices, religious and political beliefs, and values- all central aspects of identity. Where do you want to go to college?

# data[].attributes.body
Authoritarian- parents impose rules and expect obedience
Permissive- submit to children desires, make few demands and use little punishment
Authoritative- both demanding and responsive
-set rules, but explain reasons and encourage open discussion
Uninvolved
-limited time/energy
-attachment issues/delinquent

# data[].attributes.body
Postconventional level-P morality of abstract principles to affirm agreed upon rights and personal ethical principles
Conventional Level- morality of law and social rules to gain approved or avoid disapproval]
Preconventional level- morality of self interest Lev Vygotski: Social Development theory
Social interaction + cognitive development
-learning - development is enhanced with new tasks
scaffolding or cognitive apprenticeship model
-zone of proximal development
Lev Vygotski view of language primary method of communication between adults and children
Chomski- Language acquistion device, born with internal mechanism
Whorf- Linguistic relativity device
-language determines how we think
Critical period- an optimal period shortly after birth when an organisms exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development
imprinting (Lorenz) - the process by which certain animals form attachments during critical period of their life
Stranger Anxiety & attachment
-fear of stranger begininng around 8 months
-an emotional tie found in young children
Ainsworth: attachments style
-secure vs insecure attachment
-anxious-resistant insecure attachment
-rage at mom when she returns
-avoidant insecure attachment
-may not notice mother is gone

# data[].attributes.body
Basic Trust (Erik Erikson)
- a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy
- major task with each stage of life
-responsive caregivers
Self Concept
- a sense of one's identity and personal worth
8 Stages
Left is always positive, Right is bad
Infancy- 0-2 years, Trust vs Mistrust. If needs are dependently met, you gain trust for them. If parents neglected you or didn't mind you, you gain mistrust
Toddler (1-3 yrs) Autonomy vs Shame and doubt their abilities. Toddlers learn to exercise will and do things for themselves. Preschoolers (3-5 yrs) - Initiative vs guilt. Learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans, or they feel guilty about efforts to be independent.
Elementary (6-puberty) - Competence vs Inferiority. Children learn the pleasure of applying themselves to tasks, or they feel inferior
Adolescence (teens into 20's) - confusion, form a single identity, or they become confused on who you are. Testing roles and then intergrating them to form a single identity, or they become confused about who they are
Young Adult (20'a-40's) - Intimacy vs isolation. Young adults struggle to form close relationships and gain capacity to intimate love or feel socially isolated
Middle Adult (40's-60's) Generality vs Stagnation. The middle aged discover a sense of contribution to the world, usually through family and work, or they may feel a lack of purpose.
Late Adult (late 60's and up) - Integrity vs despair. When reflecting on his or her life, the other adult may feel a sense of satisfaction or failure

# data[].attributes.body
-Womb to Tomb. Very long,  which increases rate of drop out, they passed away, dont want to do it, moved etc.
Newborn reflexes
-sucking
-swallowing
-stepping
-gasping
Cognition
-all the mental acitivies assocaited with thinking, knowing, remembering, communicating
Schema
-a concept of framework that organizes and interprets information
Piaget (psychologist with children)
Assimilation
-interpreting one's new experience in terms of ones existing schemas
Accommodation
adapting ones current understanding to incorporate new schema