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The city of Damascus was the capital of the Umayyad caliphate, which was the first Islamic caliphate. Damascus was the key factor of the development of Arab cities.

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Baghdad was an extremely important area for trade and the exchanging of ideas. The city of Baghdad was where culture spread. The golden age of Islam, in which scholars translated Greek texts and made scientific discoveries, was in Baghdad

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Medina is the second holiest city in Islam, after Mecca. The city of Medina is known as the place Muhammad established the Muslim community after his flight from Mecca in 622 C.E.

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Muhammad, the founder of Islam, was born in the city of Mecca. Mecca is also considered the holiest of the Muslim cities. It's considered the spiritual center of Islam.

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The Mosque of Cordoba was the symbol of power for the Umayyad. The Caliphate of Córdoba was an islamic state.

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The Mosque of Cordoba was the symbol of power for the Umayyad. The Caliphate of Córdoba was an islamic state.

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Amr Ibn Al'as is said to have chosen Alexandria as the capital of Egypt. When Alexandria was cut off from the Arab world due to the floods, Omar Ibn Al Khattab, a former caliph, refused the idea.

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Jerusalem is an extremely important place for Muslims as it is the location of the prophet Muhammad ascending to heaven.

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In ancient Islamic texts, it stated that for the people that participated in the siege of Constantinople, they would obtain huge spiritual gains.

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Boats and boating--Equipment and supplies

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When Islam spread across the Arabian Peninsula, a new religion formed. Islam spread all over Arabia and was very popular amongst the Arabian population.

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Islam became the dominant faith of Egypt between the 10th and the 12th century. Egyptians began to copy the Islamic culture and implemented it into their daily lives.

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Al Andalus was a Muslim-ruled area of the Iberian Peninsula. It is a term used by modern historians to reference the islamic states that resided in modern Spain and Portugal.

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It made the Persian culture blossom. This included their philosophy, literature, medicine, and art became prominent and important to the culture.

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The Indian Ocean marketplace played a huge part in spreading the religion of Islam. It spread to different parts of the world.

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Persian Gulf (also known as the Arabian Gulf)

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Persian Gulf (also known as the Arabian Gulf)

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Persian Gulf (also known as the Arabian Gulf)

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The Persian Gulf had a huge impact on the foreign affairs of the Muslim world. Islam spread throughout the Persian Gulf, making it the official religion.

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The Red Sea was a crucial part in the spice trade route. In 1183, the Raynald of Châtillon caused a raid down the Red Sea in order to attack the Muslim pilgrims.

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The Islamic territories surrounded the Mediterranean Sea. It connected the states in Islam through Christianity.