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// Trends

Best PHP Frameworks to use in 2020

Yuri Musienko

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Today, you can see a lot of advertising in which the company makes a landmark for 2020. The beginning of a new decade always marks a big change. For example, the first iPad appeared exactly at the start of 2010. It was a huge step forward in the development of tablets and computer technology in general.

People are waiting from 2020 something supernatural, although it remains quite a bit. In fact, the near future of web development is already known today. Some trends appeared a year earlier.

What are Best PHP Frameworks to use in 2020? Here is the list of the Best PHP Frameworks to use in 2020 are:

1. Laravel

2. Symfony

3. Code Igniter

4. Yii2

5. Zend

6. CakePHP

7. FuelPHP

The world should not expect something radically new. But it should be understood that the role of some technologies and development methods will grow several times. So what is this development?

Artificial Intelligence

For "intelligent" technology is the future of the world. This is displayed in any field for several decades. As soon as physical strength began to be replaced by robots, the greatest minds began to work on the full automation of our lives.

We could ignore this for a long time in the context of automating the production of products, consumer goods, cars and other things. After all, it goes without saying that a high-speed Formula 1 car cannot be done without the help of robotic technologies. But now artificial intelligence is sneaking into our lives much deeper.

Smart Home, voice search, home cleaning robots, autopilot and other such technologies are all artificial intelligence. Each of them already has its embodiment in the market. But this is far from the end.

AI facilitates any action hundreds of times. First of all, it will be widely used during the development of web services. Programmers know that most actions can be safely transferred to the robot without loss of quality. However, deadlines will be significantly reduced.

Also, the AI will be embedded in the finished products with user orientation. I will tell about some of them below. Artificial intelligence will help improve the user experience several times. Therefore, it will be the core of all future web development.

Programming languages

This point is exclusively for web developers (both professionals and beginners). Their demand directly depends on what frameworks and languages they can work with. The speed of adaptation to new tools also plays a role. Therefore, today they need to understand what knowledge they need to get in order to keep up, or to completely overtake the future of web development.

Javascript, Python and PHP are the most popular programming languages in recent years. Trends do not change, because the developers are satisfied with the capabilities of this trio. The first place surely takes Javascript, because I advise you to study it, if you still do not know each other. Python breathes in the back. But it is very weak for developing mobile applications. However, for browser web services this language is considered one of the best.

PHP is considered the worst language, so getting to the top is a big surprise. The only explanation is that it is very easy to learn and use. In addition, it is suitable for creating 80% of simple web services.

Smartphones play an important role in our lives. That's why mobile applications need to pay no less attention. Of course, Javascript is well suited for their development. However, Java is considered the most effective programming language in this key.

Frameworks

Good ground is needed for a perfect web service. Its part is the development environment. I cannot name the future for several years in advance, because at any moment they can create a universal framework. But we already know for sure which sets of tools will be held in high esteem in 2020.

React and Vue - the basis of all front-end developments. React is today the most sought-after framework in most companies. For a long time it competed with Angular. But the developers claim that Angular sags significantly in efficiency.

Vue suddenly became popular just this year. However, he captured the Asian market. He is expected to level out with React. Xiaomi is one of the well-known brands that has completely switched to using Vue.

Svelte.js - a framework that is virtually unknown today. But many developers are willing to work with him. High likelihood that it will be the same way as Vue.

The fact is that Svelte allows you to create an application that will take less memory. For the work of the finished product, the code of the framework itself is not needed. This is how a reduced size is achieved. For this, Svelte has been called "disappearing".

Voice commands

One example of the implementation of artificial intelligence. Previously, it was not so noticeable, because this technology worked just awful. Products with high-quality voice input were disproportionately expensive. However, now it is one of the trends.

Voice search is not as fast as text input, because the browser needs time for a clear speech recognition. But it takes on a new look and influences the development of most web services.

For example, SEO of many sites is based on voice queries. The fact is that with the text we introduce something like "interesting places in London", but let's say "where to go in London?". Outwardly quite similar queries, but their difference greatly affects the indexing of sites by search engines.

Also, voice commands are actively implemented in many mobile and web applications. So, by voice, you can call Uber. This makes life much easier, because you do not need to spend time on using the application. Geolocation determines exactly where the driver should arrive. It remains only to wait for the notification of the arrival of cars.

Voice input is another technology that improves the user experience. That is why it makes up the future of web development.

Interactivity

Nothing influences web development trends more than user experience. After all, the task of the developer is to make the most convenient and practical application. That's why web services will be more interactive.

One example is the Genesis car dealer website. Instead of flipping through hundreds of pages, the user can explore the car with a mouse click. Moreover, the functionality allows you to "collect" your car, namely:

select a color;

determine the equipment;

pick up wheels.

And other. In other words, the buyer will be able to change everything that does not affect the characteristics of the car.

Previously, such developments did not have great popularity due to the large consumption of resources and the prolonged site load. But today technology is much faster. Now it's much faster to wait for the loading of the interactive page, rather than browse through a few ordinary ones.

Adaptability

Long gone are the days when we visit web pages only from a computer. Moreover, we increasingly use smartphones and tablets, because their functionality and performance is much higher. If we talk about the use of web applications, mobile phones are not inferior to computers.

The only difference is the screen size. Ease of use of the site or graphics should not suffer because of different monitors. Otherwise, the user simply refuses to work with the web page, moving to a more optimized.

Any web application must adapt to any device, from appearance to functionality. It is important not to create two (or more) versions of the site, since in this case inaccuracies will be noticeable. It is necessary to develop one version that adapts to the workspace.

One-page sites

Increasingly, we notice the effectiveness of single-page. As soon as such sites appeared, users said that this was caused by the indifference of developers to their projects. However, over time, the benefits of such sites have been recognized.

First of all, they allow you to save development resources. Secondly, such pages load much faster. A modern user really appreciates his time, so he cannot wander around the site for a long time looking for information.

More importantly, the correct placement of data on a one-page website allows you to attract the attention of a potential client in a matter of seconds. Much more likely that he will buy a product that interested in 5 seconds than the one that had to study for several hours.

Single-page sites are not a new trend. But ше is gaining more and more popularity. With the implementation of other trends on it, such as interactivity and voice search, you can achieve a huge conversion. Because this is the future of web development.

Chat bots

If you do not know how to attract even more customers and facilitate their work with your project - add a chat bot. This is another highly efficient implementation of artificial intelligence.

Like single-page sites, bots appeared a few years ago. But they work on the principle of a neural network. They are given a huge array of data on the basis of which they learn to work with the user.

It turned out that a simple base for chat bots was not enough, since it was created on the principle of FAQ. But practice has shown that the FAQ very rarely helps the user, as it contains obvious answers. Сlients turn to support with extraordinary questions.

Chat bots took time to study all sorts of customer behavior and understand how to respond in a given situation. Today this process has almost reached the final. Many sites have really smart chat bots.

So, online stores today exist without real support, because bots have completely replaced it. They are ready for any question. Moreover, at the request of the client, they can pick up the desired product and place an order.
Chat bots are one of the best web services optimizations. This is not the future, but the present. But in the next few years, no project will do without them.

Purpose - practicality

For a long time, the important task of web development was to create beautiful content. The role of this element has not become less, but the development of technology allows us to achieve external beauty much faster.

Today, all web development should focus on the practicality of each element. If any button is useless for the user - it should not be added. It will only increase the download time of the site, but the efficiency will decrease.

Results

All future innovations (or ongoing trends) will be associated with the implementation of artificial intelligence. It improves the user experience, and also allows you to create web applications much faster.

In addition, the future of web development is completely dependent on the desires of users. Today there is enough technology to satisfy these desires. Because the "future" is already today. We will only see his improvement.

Best PHP Frameworks to use in 2020 key takeaways:

#1. Artificial Intelligence
#2. Programming languages
#3. Frameworks
#4. Voice commands
#5. Interactivity
#6. Adaptability
#7. One-page sites
#8. Chat bots
#9. Purpose - practicality
#10. Results

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Best PHP Frameworks to use in 2020 - Merehead 4573

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Today, you can see a lot of advertising in which the company makes a landmark for 2020. The beginning of a new decade always marks a big change. For example, the first iPad appeared exactly at the start of 2010. It was a huge step forward in the development of tablets and computer technology in general.

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PHP programming language helps you to develop web applications that are complex, reliable and faster. Based on your business requirements, hosting plans, experience level, app needs, and development timeframes, there are a large variety of PHP frameworks to choose from. But as we are nearing the end of the year 2019 and the beginning of 2020, it is important to have a clear understanding of what actually our business needs on the basis of the latest PHP trends.

Trending PHP Frameworks

After a brief research and discussions with our PHP experts, we have found out that there is a certain pattern that is being followed by developers when choosing PHP frameworks and hence some of these are trending while others are not. So with the ease of development and a large number of benefits that it offers, we have handpicked a list of PHP frameworks that are trending now and would go ahead to set aside records in 2020:

Also, excitingly Laravel is the first of its kind to present routing in a nonconcrete manner. When working with Laravel, you have the perks of automatic code management by the framework. Another interesting feature of Laravel is that it offers query management, which takes control of all tasks running in the background and logs the activities without causing any interference to the tasks that are being executed in the front-end.

An in-built robust composer is available to help add the packages with ease, which can be integrated with Gulp and Elixir such that the rpm packages and bower packages can be directly summoned via ssh. It is easy to work with NoSQL structures, such as MongoDB and Redis when you are using Laravel.

If you are planning to learn Laravel, then you can find help online through Udemy courses and other online tutorials and videos. Also, it has extensive documentation, which makes it easier for developers to work with it without getting stuck at any point.

Again, another MVC-based PHP framework, Phalcon has a C-extension structure, which means it works at a tremendous speed. When compared with other frameworks, Phalcon utilizes only a few resources, which helps in the quick and speedy processing of HTTP requests, which helps developers to integrate with systems that come with lesser functionalities and features. Phalcon's unique features include ORM, caching, auto-loading components and MVC architecture. One of the long-term and latest updates to its functionality packages include support for PHP 7. And other interesting features are:

Easy to learn and simple to use when building apps

International language support

Template engines

Form builders

Can be used for building both performance RESTAPIs and other web apps

One of the most preferred frameworks, which is used for developing apps at a greater speed. This lightweight framework is easy to use and comes with a small footprint, which can be uploaded without any hassles straightaway to your hosting. During installation, you need not to enter any special command line arguments or commands, and no specific software installation is recommended. You just have to upload the files and you are done.

Some of the features of Codeigniter includes:

The French SensioLabs is the brain behind Symfony.

CakePHP is always under development, which means that the documentation is fair and comprehensive. You are saved from the complexities of the XML or YAML config files. You can easily build apps using it. There are no security concerns as it comes with features that prevent CSRF, SQL injection and XSS. It also has tools that take care of form validation with ease.

Though it is widely used for developing enterprise level apps, it might not be the best suit for the rapid app development process. It offers the Zend Studio IDE, which helps to ease a developer's job.

These are some of the ongoing trends in PHP and believed to continue in the upcoming years as per expert views. But let us wait and see what lies ahead of the New Year 2020.
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PHP Trends in 2020: List of Top 12 Web Development Frameworks

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PHP programming language helps you to develop web applications that are complex, reliable and faster. Based on your business requirements, hosting plans, experience level, app needs, and development timeframes, there are a large variety of PHP frameworks to choose from.

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Difference between static and dynamic website - by YouAndImpact

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Client side scripting vs Server side scripting

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Client side scripting vs Server side scripting

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The scripts can be written in two forms, at the server end (back end) or at the client end (server end). The main difference between server-side scripting and client-side scripting is that the server side scripting involves server for its processing. On the other hand, client-side scripting requires browsers to run the scripts on the client machine but does not interact with the server while processing the client-side scripts.

A script is generally a series of program or instruction, which has to be executed on other program or application. As we know that the web works in a client-server environment. The client-side script executes the code to the client side which is visible to the users while a server-side script is executed in the server end which users cannot see.

Content: Server-side Scripting Vs Client-side Scripting

Comparison Chart

Basis for comparison

Server-side scripting

Client-side scripting

Basic

Works in the back end which could not be visible at the client end.

Works at the front end and script are visible among the users.

Processing

Requires server interaction.

Does not need interaction with the server.

Languages involved

PHP, ASP.net, Ruby on Rails, ColdFusion, Python, etcetera.

HTML, CSS, JavaScript, etc.

Affect

Could effectively customize the web pages and provide dynamic websites.

Can reduce the load to the server.

Security

Relatively secure.

Insecure

Definition of Server-side Scripting

Server-side scripting is a technique of programming for producing the code which can run software on the server side, in simple words any scripting or programming that can run on the web server is known as server-side scripting. The operations like customization of a website, dynamic change in the website content, response generation to the user's queries, accessing the database, and so on are performed at the server end.

The server-side scripting constructs a communication link between a server and a client (user). Earlier the server side scripting is implemented by the CGI (Common Gateway Interface) scripts. The CGI was devised to execute the scripts from programming languages such as C++ or Perl on the websites.

The server-side involves three parts: server, database, API's and back-end web software developed by the server-side scripting language. When a browser sends a request to the server for a webpage consisting of server-side scripting, the web server processes the script prior to serving the page to the browser. Here the processing of a script could include extracting information from a database, making simple calculations, or choosing the appropriate content that is to be displayed in the client end. The script is being processed and the output is sent to the browser. The web server abstracts the scripts from the end user until serving the content, which makes the data and source code more secure.

Server-side scripting languages:

After the advent of CGI, multiple programming languages were evolved such as PHP, Python, Ruby, ColdFusion, C#, Java, C++ and so on for server-side scripting among which some of them are described below:

PHP: It is the most prevalent server-side language used on the web which was designed to extract and manipulate information in the database. The language is used in association with SQL language for the Database. It is used in Facebook, WordPress and Wikipedia.

Python: The language is fast and contains shorter code. It is good for beginners as it concentrates on the readability and simplicity of the code. Python functions well in the object-oriented environment and used in famous sites like Youtube, Google, etc.

Ruby: It contains complex logic which packages the back-end with database utility which can also be provided by PHP and SQL.

Definition of Client-side Scripting

Client-side scripting is performed to generate a code that can run on the client end (browser) without needing the server side processing. Basically, these types of scripts are placed inside an HTML document. The client-side scripting can be used to examine the user's form for the errors before submitting it and for changing the content according to the user input. As I mentioned before, the web requires three elements for its functioning which are, client, database and server.

The effective client-side scripting can significantly reduce the server load. It is designed to run as a scripting language utilizing a web browser as a host program. For example, when a user makes a request via browser for a webpage to the server, it just sent the HTML and CSS as plain text, and the browser interprets and renders the web content in the client end.

Client-side scripting languages:

HTML: It is the fundamental building blocks of web programming which provides the frame to the website. It describes the arrangement of the content.

CSS: CSS provides the way to design the graphic elements which help in making the appearance of the web application more attractive.

JavaScript: It is also a client-side scripting language which essentially devised for the specific purpose, but currently there are various JavaScript frameworks used as server-side scripting technology.

Key Differences Between Server-side Scripting and Client-side Scripting

1. Server-side scripting is used at the backend, where the source code is not viewable or hidden at the client side (browser). On the other hand, client-side scripting is used at the front end which users can see from the browser.

2. When a server-side script is processed it communicates to the server. As against, client-side scripting does not need any server interaction.

3. The client-side scripting language involves languages such as HTML, CSS and JavaScript. In contrast, programming languages such as PHP, ASP.net, Ruby, ColdFusion, Python, C#, Java, C++, etc.

4. Server-side scripting is useful in customizing the web pages and implement the dynamic changes in the websites. Conversely, the client-side script can effectively minimize the load to the server.

5. Server-side scripting is more secure than client-side scripting as the server side scripts are usually hidden from the client end, while a client-side script is visible to the users.

Conclusion

Client-side scripting and server-side scripting works in a coordinated manner with each other. However, both the scripting techniques are very different, where the client-side scripting emphasize on making the interface of the web application or website more appealing and functional. Conversely, server-side scripting emphasizes on the data accessing methods, error handling and fast processing etcetera.

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Difference Between Server-side Scripting and Client-side Scripting (with Comparison Chart) - Tech Differences

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The main difference between server-side scripting and client-side scripting is that the server side scripting involves server for its processing. On the other hand, client-side scripting requires browsers to run the scripts on the client machine but does not interact with the server while processing the client-side scripts.

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Facebook initiated its journey with PHP and is still on PHP! So has Wikipedia. Both are scaling just perfect.

PHP Framework was initially known as Personal Home Page and later got its professional name as Hypertext Preprocessor. It is the most popular language on the globe for web designing. Almost 78.9% of websites use PHP and some of the best PHP frameworks are Laravel, CodeIgniter, Symfony, CakePHP, Yii, Zend Framework, Phalcon, FuelPHP, etc.

PHP is easy to learn and systematic to work in. In addition, this scripting language has comfortable compatibility with MySQL, MS SQL, and Oracle database. Considering it as one of the most popular web development frameworks, it is interesting to know where the PHP development is heading in this ever-changing technology world which is springing up like mushrooms.

These latest PHP trends will help developers to stay ahead in the industry.

The Best option for Small & Medium Businesses and Startups

The first and the most interesting PHP trend is its increasing popularity among the SMBs'.

The PHP framework is the best option for SMBs' and startups owing to its feature; it can easily manage a large amount of data. The startups can develop a Minimum Viable Product (MVP) with PHP easily and initiate their journey at a low cost.

With ready-to-use libraries, PHP is a less vulnerable language to the changes happening in the web development field. Also, the cost of hiring a PHP Development Company is quite less and startups & SMBs' can leverage on this fact.

Java & PHP

The combination of these two giant frameworks is one of the intriguing PHP trends to notice this year. Being the most secured framework, Java offers optimum safety while PHP gives you an unbelievable speed. Nowadays, companies are using both technologies to decrease cost. In addition, this magical combo is helping in application upgrade within a short period of time.

User Interface Trends

Have you ever heard about the Receptive Web? Well, the receptive web is one of the most-discussed PHP trends so far. Not just a buzzword, it refers to responsive web designs that adopt any environment to offer an optimized web experience for the end users. The core idea behind the receptive web is that space should not influence user behavior. Thus, it caters to different users from various devices including desktop, cell phone, and tablet users.

In short, receptive web reinforces the idea of using HTML & CSS for web development and it automatically hides, resizes, enlarges, and shrinks any website that looks decent on any device.

Intense Cloud Integration

Cloud is the most breathtaking technology designed so far with a low infrastructure cost and high level of security as well as flexibility in terms of omnipresent accessibility. With the massive popularity of the cloud, 2019 is going to see more merging of PHP sites into the cloud. PHP framework directly beats Ruby with better scalability in connecting to the web. This proactive cloud approach is attracting more PHP built websites to their infrastructure.

Therefore, intense cloud integration is a prominent PHP trend to analyze today.

Clubbing IoT with PHP

IoT or Internet of Things is a groundbreaking technology with three separate layers of virtual infrastructure. Being a dynamic and popular language, PHP framework is adopting this infrastructure at a fast pace. PHP 7 which is the latest version of the technology offers easy synchronization programming thread that can perform multiple tasks with a single script.

Growing Outsourcing

The outsourcing business is growing day by day in the PHP development industry. It's an interesting development trend to look at this year. Outsourcing is increasing with the day passing and it is one of the biggest reasons for such tremendous industry growth. It's noticed that most of the European and American countries appoint PHP development companies in various regions of the globe for cost-effective PHP development services.

Smart Chatbot Streamlining

are the best things to happen to the web in recent times. Artificial intelligence was the beginning of this journey. However lately, NLP (Natural Language Processing) and the deep learning chatbot are rapidly changing the scenario in the field of 'Conversation Agent' by answering to the queries of the website visitors like a human. Thus, PHP development is streamlining the chatbot in a rapid manner to make the web more responsive. The deep learning chatbot is evolving its communication in such a manner that the user can hardly differentiate between human and a chatbot.

Better Language Version

The year 2019 sees the best version of the language as PHP 7 with improved security features. In addition, it is interoperable and has faster code implementation characteristics. Also, usage optimization is better than the other versions. It handles errors smarter with various hints and declarations.

VR & AR Empowered WordPress Sites

One of the interesting PHP trends to notice is the adoption of virtual reality and augmented reality by the WordPress sites. It is revamping the way we communicate and connect to the technology world. A large number of e-commerce WordPress sites are using both technologies to give visitors a user experience like never before. The is the first ever WordPress-AR enabled theme available in the market now.

The End Game

PHP is easier to learn and cheaper to deploy in the compatible servers. In addition, it's a server indifferent scripting language and runs on any kind of Linux & Windows server without any hassles. Being a simple and flexible scripting language, PHP framework has embraced all the avant-garde technological developments to date. If PHP development continues to grow at this speed, it is going to rule the web development world with its dominant presence. Trends will come and go! However, the latest PHP trends will always open new windows to the developers and help them stay ahead with newbie technologies.

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The Latest PHP Trends To Look Out For In 2019

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Facebook initiated its journey with PHP and is still on PHP! So has Wikipedia. Both are scaling just perfect. PHP Framework was initially known as Personal Home Page and later got its professional name as Hypertext Preprocessor. It is the most popular language on the globe for web designing.

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Hypertext preprocessor. Sound familiar? If you're like me, that makes no sense. However, you probably recognize its acronym: PHP.

Of course, PHP is one of the most popular languages on the web, and the backbone of WordPress and still a part of Facebook (albeit as its own language Hack). With PHP constituting critical parts of the infrastructure of these web juggernauts, the language flows next to HTML and CSS as the lifeblood of the net.

Rasmus Lerdorf wrote the first version of PHP in 1994. The language was built from the C language as a means of replacing the snippets of Perl that he had been using on his personal homepage. However, it wasn't until 1995 that he released the first formal and public version of the language. At this time PHP referred to Personal Homepage Tools. JavaScript would be released as a client-side language in 1996, so PHP's release as a server-side language around speaks to the robust growth in the tools of the Internet that occurred during this time.

However, It wasn't until 1998 when version 3 was released (by Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans) that it was renamed to Hypertext Preprocessor. It was this version that gave PHP its substantial popularity. Version 4 of PHP occurred in 2000 and is referred to as the Zend Engine and made PHP a much fuller language. Version 5 was released in 2004 and included new features such as better performance and improved object-oriented programming. In 2014 and 2015, PHP 7 was released that even further updated the language for web development.

Of course, among the most popular uses of PHP occurred in regards to Mark Zuckerberg's use of this language in 2003-2004 when he was developing Facebook out of his Harvard dorm room. Since this time, Facebook has developed its own language Hack that is a version of PHP that scales efficiently. Among Zuckerberg's main motivations for using PHP at the time were that along with Java it was one of the central options at time. Of course, this was before the growth of popular frameworks like Node.js and Rails.

PHP has developed a number of frameworks since the time it was released and the time that Zuckerberg was using it at Harvard. Most prominent of these include Laravel and Symfony. Although a number of people appreciate these frameworks, PHP's founder believes that all PHP frameworks are junk because they are too general purpose.

Similar to JavaScript, developers frequently complain about some of the language's quirks. There are even a series of sites where people discuss some of the language's quirks: PHPWTF, PHP Sadness, and PHP Turtles.

While web snobs may disregard PHP as antiquated, it's not going away anytime soon. Today there are over 20,000,000 websites that use PHP and these is a rich ecosystem surrounding the language.

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Hypertext preprocessor. Sound familiar? If you're like me, that makes no sense. However, you probably recognize its acronym: PHP. Of course, PHP is one of the most popular languages on the web, and the backbone of WordPress and still a part of Facebook (albeit as its own language Hack).

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PHP Operators

Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values.

PHP divides the operators in the following groups:

Arithmetic operators

Assignment operators

Comparison operators

Increment/Decrement operators

Logical operators

String operators

Array operators

Conditional assignment operators

PHP Arithmetic Operators

The PHP arithmetic operators are used with numeric values to perform common arithmetical operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication etc.

PHP Assignment Operators

The PHP assignment operators are used with numeric values to write a value to a variable.

The basic assignment operator in PHP is "=". It means that the left operand gets set to the value of the assignment expression on the right.

PHP Comparison Operators

The PHP comparison operators are used to compare two values (number or string):

PHP Increment / Decrement Operators

The PHP increment operators are used to increment a variable's value.

The PHP decrement operators are used to decrement a variable's value.

PHP Logical Operators

The PHP logical operators are used to combine conditional statements.

PHP String Operators

PHP has two operators that are specially designed for strings.

PHP Array Operators

The PHP array operators are used to compare arrays.

PHP Conditional Assignment Operators

The PHP conditional assignment operators are used to set a value depending on conditions:

PHP Exercises

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Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values. PHP divides the operators in the following groups: Arithmetic operators Assignment operators Comparison operators Increment/Decrement operators Logical operators String operators Array operators Conditional assignment operators The PHP arithmetic operators are used with numeric values to perform common arithmetical operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication etc.

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The if, elseif ...else and switch statements are used to take decision based on the different condition.

You can use conditional statements in your code to make your decisions. PHP supports following three decision making statements −

if...else statement − use this statement if you want to execute a set of code when a condition is true and another if the condition is not true

elseif statement − is used with the if...else statement to execute a set of code if one of the several condition is true

switch statement − is used if you want to select one of many blocks of code to be executed, use the Switch statement. The switch statement is used to avoid long blocks of if..elseif..else code.

The If...Else Statement

If you want to execute some code if a condition is true and another code if a condition is false, use the if....else statement.

Syntax

if (condition)code to be executed if condition is true; elsecode to be executed if condition is false;

Example

The following example will output "Have a nice weekend!" if the current day is Friday, Otherwise, it will output "Have a nice day!":

<html>
   <body>

      <?php
         $d = date("D");

         if ($d == "Fri")
            echo "Have a nice weekend!";

         else
            echo "Have a nice day!";
      ?>

   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Have a nice weekend!

The ElseIf Statement

If you want to execute some code if one of the several conditions are true use the elseif statement

Syntax

if (condition)code to be executed if condition is true; elseif (condition)code to be executed if condition is true; elsecode to be executed if condition is false;

Example

The following example will output "Have a nice weekend!" if the current day is Friday, and "Have a nice Sunday!" if the current day is Sunday. Otherwise, it will output "Have a nice day!" −

<html>
   <body>

      <?php
         $d = date("D");

         if ($d == "Fri")
            echo "Have a nice weekend!";

         elseif ($d == "Sun")
            echo "Have a nice Sunday!";

         else
            echo "Have a nice day!";
      ?>

   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Have a nice Weekend!

The Switch Statement

If you want to select one of many blocks of code to be executed, use the Switch statement.

The switch statement is used to avoid long blocks of if..elseif..else code.

Syntax

switch (expression){ caselabel1:code to be executed if expression = label1; break; caselabel2:code to be executed if expression = label2; break; default:code to be executed if expression is different from both label1 and label2; }

Example

The switch statement works in an unusual way. First it evaluates given expression then seeks a lable to match the resulting value. If a matching value is found then the code associated with the matching label will be executed or if none of the lable matches then statement will execute any specified default code.

<html>
   <body>

      <?php
         $d = date("D");

         switch ($d){
            case "Mon":
               echo "Today is Monday";
               break;

            case "Tue":
               echo "Today is Tuesday";
               break;

            case "Wed":
               echo "Today is Wednesday";
               break;

            case "Thu":
               echo "Today is Thursday";
               break;

            case "Fri":
               echo "Today is Friday";
               break;

            case "Sat":
               echo "Today is Saturday";
               break;

            case "Sun":
               echo "Today is Sunday";
               break;

            default:
               echo "Wonder which day is this ?";
         }
      ?>

   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Today is Monday

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The if, elseif ...else and switch statements are used to take decision based on the different condition. You can use conditional statements in your code to make your decisions.

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Variables are "containers" for storing information.

Creating (Declaring) PHP Variables

In PHP, a variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable:

After the execution of the statements above, the variable $txt will hold the value Hello world!, the variable$x will hold the value 5, and the variable$y will hold the value 10.5.

Note: When you assign a text value to a variable, put quotes around the value.

Note: Unlike other programming languages, PHP has no command for declaring a variable. It is created the moment you first assign a value to it.

Think of variables as containers for storing data.

PHP Variables

A variable can have a short name (like x and y) or a more descriptive name (age, carname, total_volume).

Rules for PHP variables:

A variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable

A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore character

A variable name cannot start with a number

A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores (A-z, 0-9, and _ )

Variable names are case-sensitive ($age and$AGE are two different variables)

Remember that PHP variable names are case-sensitive!

Output Variables

The PHP echo statement is often used to output data to the screen.

The following example will show how to output text and a variable:

The following example will produce the same output as the example above:

Example

Try it Yourself "

The following example will output the sum of two variables:

Note: You will learn more about the echo statement and how to output data to the screen in the next chapter.

PHP is a Loosely Typed Language

In the example above, notice that we did not have to tell PHP which data type the variable is.

PHP automatically associates a data type to the variable, depending on its value. Since the data types are not set in a strict sense, you can do things like adding a string to an integer without causing an error.

In PHP 7, type declarations were added. This gives an option to specify the data type expected when declaring a function, and by enabling the strict requirement, it will throw a "Fatal Error" on a type mismatch.

You will learn more about strict and non-strict requirements, and data type declarations in the PHP Functions chapter.

PHP Variables Scope

In PHP, variables can be declared anywhere in the script.

The scope of a variable is the part of the script where the variable can be referenced/used.

PHP has three different variable scopes:

Global and Local Scope

A variable declared outside a function has a GLOBAL SCOPE and can only be accessed outside a function:

Example

Variable with global scope:

<?php
$x = 5; // global scope

Try it Yourself "

A variable declared within a function has a LOCAL SCOPE and can only be accessed within that function:

Example

Variable with local scope:

Try it Yourself "

You can have local variables with the same name in different functions, because local variables are only recognized by the function in which they are declared.

PHP The global Keyword

The global keyword is used to access a global variable from within a function.

To do this, use the global keyword before the variables (inside the function):

Example

myTest();
echo $y; // outputs 15
?>

Try it Yourself "

PHP also stores all global variables in an array called $GLOBALS[index]. The holds the name of the variable. This array is also accessible from within functions and can be used to update global variables directly.

The example above can be rewritten like this:

Example

myTest();
echo $y; // outputs 15
?>

Try it Yourself "

PHP The static Keyword

Normally, when a function is completed/executed, all of its variables are deleted. However, sometimes we want a local variable NOT to be deleted. We need it for a further job.

To do this, use the static keyword when you first declare the variable:

Example

Try it Yourself "

Then, each time the function is called, that variable will still have the information it contained from the last time the function was called.

Note: The variable is still local to the function.

PHP Exercises

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Variables are "containers" for storing information. In PHP, a variable starts with the $ sign, followed by the name of the variable: After the execution of the statements above, the variable $txt will hold the value Hello world!, the variable$x will hold the value 5, and the variable$y will hold the value 10.5.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
What Do I Need?

To start using PHP, you can:

Find a web host with PHP and MySQL support

Install a web server on your own PC, and then install PHP and MySQL

Use a Web Host With PHP Support

If your server has activated support for PHP you do not need to do anything.

Just create some .php files, place them in your web directory, and the server will automatically parse them for you.

You do not need to compile anything or install any extra tools.

Because PHP is free, most web hosts offer PHP support.

Set Up PHP on Your Own PC

However, if your server does not support PHP, you must:

install a web server

install PHP

install a database, such as MySQL

The official PHP website (PHP.net) has installation instructions for PHP: http://php.net/manual/en/install.php

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
To start using PHP, you can: Find a web host with PHP and MySQL support Install a web server on your own PC, and then install PHP and MySQL If your server has activated support for PHP you do not need to do anything.