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- People in Perth, Australia could hear the volcano when it exploded in  1883.
- Tribes in Indonesia celebrated the "natural fireworks" in the sky from many miles away. The celebrations didn't last long
- The explosion destroyed half of the Krakatoa island.
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Damage done by the tsunami caused by Krakatoa

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Damage done by the tsunami caused by Krakatoa

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The 27 August 1883 explosion of Krakatau Volcano in Indonesia is one example of an eruption-caused tsunami. The eruption generated a 41m tsunami in the Sunda Strait which killed about 36,000 people, as it washed away 165 coastal villages on Java and Sumatra.

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The Tsunami caused by Anak Krakatoa Eruption Map

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The Tsunami caused by Anak Krakatoa Eruption Map

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Krakatoa Volcano Eruption - Slow Motion Video

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Krakatoa Volcano Eruption - Slow Motion Video

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Tsunamis were caused when the great volcano collapsed and became a caldera

The eruption also produced erratic weather and spectacular sunsets throughout the world for many months afterwards, as a result of sunlight reflected from suspended dust particles ejected by the volcano high into Earth's atmosphere.

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Krakatoa's eruption sent six cubic miles of rock, ash, dust and debris into the atmosphere, darkening the skies and producing vividly coloured sunsets and other spectacular effects around the world.

It is estimated that more than 36,000 people died. Many died as a result of thermal injury from the blasts and many more were victims of the tsunamis that followed the collapse of the volcano into the caldera below sea level. The eruption also affected the climate and caused temperatures to drop all over the world.

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Measured 6 on VEI.
To be assigned a VEI rating of 6, a volcanic eruption must have a plume height over 25 km and a displacement volume ranging between 10 and 100 km3 (cubic kilometers).

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What was the tectonic process that caused it?

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What was the tectonic process that caused it?

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The volcano Krakatoa (or Krakatoa) lies in the Sunda Strait between Java and Sumatra. Collapse of the ancestral Krakatau edifice, perhaps in 416 AD, formed a 7-km-wide caldera. Pyroclastic surges traveled 40 km across the Sunda Strait and reached the Sumatra coast.

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Krakatoa, or Krakatau, is a caldera in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra in the Indonesian province of Lampung.

The last eruption was this year - 2020. Because we were well prepared with technology and advanced methods of locating volcanos, we were better off than the people in the 1800's.

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Krakatoa, Indonesia

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Why would people live in an area around a volcano?

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Why would people live in an area around a volcano?

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People live close to volcanoes because geothermal energy can be harnessed by using the steam from underground which has been heated by the Earth's magma. This steam is used to drive turbines in geothermal power stations to produce electricity for domestic and industrial use.

In short, the main things that attract people to live near active volcanoes are minerals, geothermal energy, fertile soils and tourism. Magna rising from deep inside the earth contains a range of minerals.

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Volcanoes spew hot, dangerous gases, ash, lava, and rock that are powerfully destructive. People have died from volcanic blasts. The most common cause of death from a volcano is suffocation.

Further effects are the deterioration of water quality, fewer periods of rain, crop damages, and the destruction of vegetation. During volcanic eruptions and their immediate aftermath, increased respiratory system morbidity has been observed as well as mortality among those affected by volcanic eruptions.

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Volcanoes give some warning of pending eruption, making it vital for scientists to closely monitor any volcanoes near large population centres. Warning signs include small earthquakes, swelling or bulging of the volcano's sides, and increased emission of gasses from its vents. None of those signs necessarily mean an eruption is imminent, but they can help scientists evaluate the state of the volcano when magma is building.

However, it's impossible to say exactly when, or even if, any given volcano will erupt. Volcanoes don't run on a timetable like a train. This means it's impossible for one to be “overdue” for eruption—no matter what news headlines say.

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Under the right conditions, when plates are pushed together or pulled apart, volcanoes are created, which is why they tend to occur in the same place as earthquakes. When tectonic plates spread apart from each other, hot magma rises up and fills the space between.

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Sixty percent of all active volcanoes occur at the boundaries between tectonic plates. Most volcanoes are found along a belt, called the “Ring of Fire” that encircles the Pacific Ocean. Some volcanoes, like those that form the Hawaiian Islands, occur in the interior of plates at areas called “hot spots.”

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A volcano is a landform which moves molten rock (known as magma) from inside the Earth to the Earth's surface through eruptions. Magma erupting from a volcano is called lava. Lava builds up around the vent and forms a cone.

A volcano is currently active if it is erupting lava, releasing gas or generating seismic activity. An active volcano is labelled dormant if it has not erupted for a long time but could erupt again in the future. When a volcano has been dormant for more than 10 000 years, it is considered extinct. Volcanoes can remain inactive, or dormant, for hundreds or thousands of years before erupting again. During this time, they can become covered by vegetation, making them difficult to identify.