# data[].attributes.headline
I would recommend the Provision of Public Housing. 

# data[].attributes.subject
I would recommend the Provision of Public Housing. 

# data[].attributes.body
With the provision of public housing the materials used for building is more durable and stable which made it safer for the residents to live in. The building of new houses would also be at a flat ground where there would not be any cases of flooding as compared to the location where the slums are currently located at, being at steep slopes and near swampy area increases risk of flooding with could result in the loss of housing of the residents. Thus, even if there’s upgrading of slums, when the floods occur there will still be loss of housings which made all the efforts in upgrading the slums would be gone to waste.

When there’s provision of public housing, the residents would not be afraid of being unable to get a flat as the cost would be subsidized and all residents would be able to afford housing flats and slum residents would  not have to worry about not being able to get a private housing flat.
_ Meng Jin

# data[].attributes.body
Slum upgrading will benefit more people as 70% of the population are living in slums. It will cost a lot lesser than the provision of public housing and it will be much more efficient as the slum dwellers do not have to move out of their slums. Moreover, building blocks …..
Im not done

~Praveen

# data[].attributes.headline
To solve the housing
shortage in a span of three years I would strongly recommend the provision of
public. Most of the slums in country X is located on steep slopes and swampy areas where flooding occur frequently.
 If slum upgrading were to be done the occurrence of natural disasters
such as floods and soil erosion will cause the upgrading to be destroyed. Hence
wasting resources as the upgrading would have to be done again. Moreover due to
the amount of slums that require slum upgrading there will be a high chance the
resources and the man power needed to equip the residents in the slum with the to
do their own upgrading will not be sufficient. Hence causing provision of
public housing to be much more cost effective.

Provision
of public housing is also space effective. The land used to build slums can be
converted into a stretch of multiple story housing units that have all the
basic services needed such as access to electricity and clean water. This
allows more residents to live in the same amount of land. This is extremely
beneficial when there is a lack of land or when there is a competition for
land.

Provision of public
housing is also safer compared to slum upgrading. The materials used to build
the slums are not of high quality and are highly flammable. Public housing is
built of better quality of materials.

Hence provision of public
housing is considerably the best option

Britney Charles

 

# data[].attributes.subject
To solve the housing
shortage in a span of three years I would strongly recommend the provision of
public. Most of the slums in country X is located on steep slopes and swampy areas where flooding occur frequently.
 If slum upgrading were to be done the occurrence of natural disasters
such as floods and soil erosion will cause the upgrading to be destroyed. Hence
wasting resources as the upgrading would have to be done again. Moreover due to
the amount of slums that require slum upgrading there will be a high chance the
resources and the man power needed to equip the residents in the slum with the to
do their own upgrading will not be sufficient. Hence causing provision of
public housing to be much more cost effective.

Provision
of public housing is also space effective. The land used to build slums can be
converted into a stretch of multiple story housing units that have all the
basic services needed such as access to electricity and clean water. This
allows more residents to live in the same amount of land. This is extremely
beneficial when there is a lack of land or when there is a competition for
land.

Provision of public
housing is also safer compared to slum upgrading. The materials used to build
the slums are not of high quality and are highly flammable. Public housing is
built of better quality of materials.

Hence provision of public
housing is considerably the best option

Britney Charles

 

# data[].attributes.body
I would consider using the method of provision of public housing as you can provide housing with basic services such as electricity, sanitation and clean water supply for the low income households. Public housing will often be reasonably priced compared to private housing that has increased from $50000 to $95000, it may also be subsidised by the country’s government and public housing projects are often planned , carried out and funded by the governments too. For country x’s condition, the slum and squatter settlements can be cleared and the government can provide higher quality housing.  For example, the slums were previously build using wooden plank or zinc which makes the slums very vulnerable to fire while the higher quality housing will be built with better and stronger material like concrete and brick.  We also chose this method as the slums in country x are located on steep slopes and if we chose slum upgrading, the houses might get destroyed in the process of upgrading when it rains heavily and the material used for upgrading may also be weaker than materials used for public housing. With provision of housing shortage, we can also build flats which means that more household can stay in just one flat instead of one household per slum housing unit which will take up a lot of space. This also means that more flats can be built with more space available and more households family can have their own house.

Carmen and vanessa

# data[].attributes.headline
I would
suggest private housing and a bit of slum upgrading in certain areas to solve
the increased amounts of housing shortages. Slum upgrading is a dangerous idea
as the area that most of the slums are built are in areas that are flood and
landslides prone areas. Therefore slum upgrading will not work as soon as soon
as a natural disaster occurs. Ive made up a small plan that is based on
assumptions

Imagine that
one private housing houses a family of average 4 people. So 70percent of 2
million is I million and four hundred thousand. Divide that by four will give
us the number of houses we will need to build which is 350 thousand. Imagine the
price of every house is 95,thousand so it will cost about 3.325x10 to the power of ten. To build a house for everyone which
is too expensive. Therefore I suggest keeping some slums about 10 percent of
the population of people living in slums. Since not all slums are kept in
dangerous places that are prone to natural disasters it is still safe to keep
the slums in safe areas and provide them with slum upgrading instead of private
housing. 

 

So instead of 70 percent its 60 percent now
which makes a huge decrease in the amount of money having to spend. Therefore having
slum upgrading and provision of private housing to the people of
country X will be the best idea.

# data[].attributes.subject
I would
suggest private housing and a bit of slum upgrading in certain areas to solve
the increased amounts of housing shortages. Slum upgrading is a dangerous idea
as the area that most of the slums are built are in areas that are flood and
landslides prone areas. Therefore slum upgrading will not work as soon as soon
as a natural disaster occurs. Ive made up a small plan that is based on
assumptions

Imagine that
one private housing houses a family of average 4 people. So 70percent of 2
million is I million and four hundred thousand. Divide that by four will give
us the number of houses we will need to build which is 350 thousand. Imagine the
price of every house is 95,thousand so it will cost about 3.325x10 to the power of ten. To build a house for everyone which
is too expensive. Therefore I suggest keeping some slums about 10 percent of
the population of people living in slums. Since not all slums are kept in
dangerous places that are prone to natural disasters it is still safe to keep
the slums in safe areas and provide them with slum upgrading instead of private
housing. 

 

So instead of 70 percent its 60 percent now
which makes a huge decrease in the amount of money having to spend. Therefore having
slum upgrading and provision of private housing to the people of
country X will be the best idea.

# data[].attributes.headline
                I would
suggest the use of “provision of public housing” as there is 70% of the houses
there are considered slums. We can temporarily move them to a public stadium or
a field, so when the upgrading is undergoing they will not be affected. Regarding
the cost of each homes, the houses will be given a substantial subsidies in order
for the slum dwellers to be able to afford it. And since we are upgrading the
whole area of the slum, there will be drainage systems provided to prevent the flooding
from happening again. Parks and greenery will be provided as well, creating
more permeability to prevent flood. 

Even though the upgrades will
take a bit extra money then “slum upgrading”, it will provide a longer lasting
residential and can be improve even easier by the residents themselves. This upgrades
will be able to contain more people than the slums itself, as the slum are made
by themselves, the slums will take up more space as each family uses a big area
for the house. If the upgrade commences, we can build 5-6 storey building in
that same area where a slum is located, hence being able to contain more people
in that small area. As the area is located at swamps and steep slopes, we can
drain the swamps or create a park around the swamp by cleaning the area around
it. This will have a double purpose as it is a recreational area, as for the
steep slopes, we can actually build on it, as we are building on a slope, we
will have to have additional cost. Building on a slope can also be dangerous
but when there is enough support structures it can hold out for a long time. The
houses can be for the people that can pay more for their houses. As we saved
space by building up, we can actually build more shopping centres or public
areas, example are, a stadium, a field, or even a swimming pool.

Through the system of upgrading,
the people who can endure the sound that will be made from the upgrading, they
will be able to move in to the houses built first. Since it is an upgraded
area, there will be easier access to the residential area as there will be
roads leading to the residential area. Jobs can also be assigned in that
specific area so that people living there can have an easier access to their jobs.

Even though there is a lot of
different advantages to the upgrading, there are also con to this ways. Since it
will be a full upgrade of a city, there will have a lot of people being moved
out into the other areas, causing the other areas to be packed and not able to
be used for some time. The upgrading will also take a long time as the upgrade
will be for more than 2 million people in the time to come. 

When we use “slum upgrading”,
even though we save a lot, we will not be able to contain even more people to
come as all the slum buildings will be built as a 1 storey- 2 storey house. This
will prevent even more building to be built and hence the space will not be
efficiently built. Soon, the “slum upgrading” will run out of materials when so
many people try to upgrade their homes at the same time. When we upgrade it by
building the house by the government, we will be able to control the intake and
use of the materials and be able to buy more when the materials are going to
run out.

# data[].attributes.subject
                I would
suggest the use of “provision of public housing” as there is 70% of the houses
there are considered slums. We can temporarily move them to a public stadium or
a field, so when the upgrading is undergoing they will not be affected. Regarding
the cost of each homes, the houses will be given a substantial subsidies in order
for the slum dwellers to be able to afford it. And since we are upgrading the
whole area of the slum, there will be drainage systems provided to prevent the flooding
from happening again. Parks and greenery will be provided as well, creating
more permeability to prevent flood. 

Even though the upgrades will
take a bit extra money then “slum upgrading”, it will provide a longer lasting
residential and can be improve even easier by the residents themselves. This upgrades
will be able to contain more people than the slums itself, as the slum are made
by themselves, the slums will take up more space as each family uses a big area
for the house. If the upgrade commences, we can build 5-6 storey building in
that same area where a slum is located, hence being able to contain more people
in that small area. As the area is located at swamps and steep slopes, we can
drain the swamps or create a park around the swamp by cleaning the area around
it. This will have a double purpose as it is a recreational area, as for the
steep slopes, we can actually build on it, as we are building on a slope, we
will have to have additional cost. Building on a slope can also be dangerous
but when there is enough support structures it can hold out for a long time. The
houses can be for the people that can pay more for their houses. As we saved
space by building up, we can actually build more shopping centres or public
areas, example are, a stadium, a field, or even a swimming pool.

Through the system of upgrading,
the people who can endure the sound that will be made from the upgrading, they
will be able to move in to the houses built first. Since it is an upgraded
area, there will be easier access to the residential area as there will be
roads leading to the residential area. Jobs can also be assigned in that
specific area so that people living there can have an easier access to their jobs.

Even though there is a lot of
different advantages to the upgrading, there are also con to this ways. Since it
will be a full upgrade of a city, there will have a lot of people being moved
out into the other areas, causing the other areas to be packed and not able to
be used for some time. The upgrading will also take a long time as the upgrade
will be for more than 2 million people in the time to come. 

When we use “slum upgrading”,
even though we save a lot, we will not be able to contain even more people to
come as all the slum buildings will be built as a 1 storey- 2 storey house. This
will prevent even more building to be built and hence the space will not be
efficiently built. Soon, the “slum upgrading” will run out of materials when so
many people try to upgrade their homes at the same time. When we upgrade it by
building the house by the government, we will be able to control the intake and
use of the materials and be able to buy more when the materials are going to
run out.

# data[].attributes.body
-Jerrick Yeo

# data[].attributes.body
I would choose the provision of public housing because more people can benefit from it and help is provided by the government. More people are able to live in the houses and they are able to save money from having to repair their houses every time as the slums are located on steep slopes and swampy areas where flooding occurs frequently. It also decreases the number of people living in slums.

If we were to use the slum upgrading method, most people would still live in slums. Although cheaper, but when flood occurs, we would have to repair the slums as the flood may destroy the slums. Training would also need to be provided as well as materials. By:Amalin

# data[].attributes.body
I would choose the provision of public housing to help address the problem of housing shortages in Country X.

This is so as it’s planned, carried out and funded by the government where the residents do not have to worry on the construction materials and basic services to be provided. Secondly, with the provision of public housing, it benefits all the residents as each of the households has a housing unit. Thirdly, public housing is often reasonably priced compared to private housing in the country where the costs of private housing increased from $50,000 to $95,000 in a matter of 5 years. Lastly, government efforts to provide public housing for low income households and others of need such as the elderly and disabled can lessen their burden.
-Sofiyyah and Hui Xin (Part 2)

# data[].attributes.headline
I would recommend to build new housing units for the slum
residence. If they continue to stay at the slums areas which are located on the
steep slopes and swampy areas, it would be dangerous as at anytime, their
houses could be washed away when heavy rain occurs and flood in the swampy
areas. Also, if the option of slum upgrading is used, which means the slum
residence have to upgrade their houses with the limited material provided, they
might not be able to finish the upgrading properly as the materials and the
funds are at a limit. The funds that are limited only allows the residence to
afford cheap materials which mean the materials that they afford will be low
quality which mean it is not durable. Whereas for the new housing units, it is built
by professionals that can built housings that are durable. Maintenance for the
housing will not be required as frequent as the slums after upgrading. 

# data[].attributes.subject
I would recommend to build new housing units for the slum
residence. If they continue to stay at the slums areas which are located on the
steep slopes and swampy areas, it would be dangerous as at anytime, their
houses could be washed away when heavy rain occurs and flood in the swampy
areas. Also, if the option of slum upgrading is used, which means the slum
residence have to upgrade their houses with the limited material provided, they
might not be able to finish the upgrading properly as the materials and the
funds are at a limit. The funds that are limited only allows the residence to
afford cheap materials which mean the materials that they afford will be low
quality which mean it is not durable. Whereas for the new housing units, it is built
by professionals that can built housings that are durable. Maintenance for the
housing will not be required as frequent as the slums after upgrading. 

# data[].attributes.body
@Bestina Tan

# data[].attributes.body
I would choose provision of public housing to help address the problem of housing shortage in Country X.

This is because the residents might not have the time to attend the training for the skills needed to build their own houses, and because of this, not all residents might benefit from the slum upgrading project. The residents also cannot predict when the floods will come, and if the floods come, the materials that were provided for the slum upgrading would also be destroyed in the process if they did not use the materials beforehand. Even if the slums were upgraded, diseases will still spread because of the lack of space in between each house.
Sofiyyah and Hui Xin(Part 1)

# data[].attributes.headline
I would consider using slum upgrading as a mean to solve
housing shortage. Due to the huge number of slum residents, it will be hard to
move them all out to another site to build public housing. In addition, we
would just need to train them and provide them with construction materials for
them to build the house themselves, causing less money. They could also improve
their houses in their own pace.  For
their flood prone locations, it will be best to somehow provide them with
sturdier materials so even if there is a flood, the houses will continue to
stand and not be destroyed. The families can still continue to live at the
houses after the flood subsides. Therefore, slum upgrading will be the most appropriate
choice than the provision of public housing would not over-exceed the budget of
the government and also more convenient for both residents and government. 

# data[].attributes.subject
I would consider using slum upgrading as a mean to solve
housing shortage. Due to the huge number of slum residents, it will be hard to
move them all out to another site to build public housing. In addition, we
would just need to train them and provide them with construction materials for
them to build the house themselves, causing less money. They could also improve
their houses in their own pace.  For
their flood prone locations, it will be best to somehow provide them with
sturdier materials so even if there is a flood, the houses will continue to
stand and not be destroyed. The families can still continue to live at the
houses after the flood subsides. Therefore, slum upgrading will be the most appropriate
choice than the provision of public housing would not over-exceed the budget of
the government and also more convenient for both residents and government. 

# data[].attributes.body
- Susan

# data[].attributes.headline
I would recommend slum upgrading to solve housing shortage.
It is the cheaper solution because the government provides them with the
materials and there is only a need to train them so as to teach them the skills
to upgrade their houses. Also, it is hard for them to move around as there is a
huge number of slum residents. They are also able to improve their houses at
any time such as during their free time. Regarding their flood prone location,
the government should provide them with firmer and stronger materials so that
if a flood is to happen in their area, the houses would still be up. Therefore,
slum upgrading is the suitable choice. (Sri Naadirah)

# data[].attributes.subject
I would recommend slum upgrading to solve housing shortage.
It is the cheaper solution because the government provides them with the
materials and there is only a need to train them so as to teach them the skills
to upgrade their houses. Also, it is hard for them to move around as there is a
huge number of slum residents. They are also able to improve their houses at
any time such as during their free time. Regarding their flood prone location,
the government should provide them with firmer and stronger materials so that
if a flood is to happen in their area, the houses would still be up. Therefore,
slum upgrading is the suitable choice. (Sri Naadirah)

# data[].attributes.headline
I would recommend using slum upgrading and build taller
houses that take lesser land space but at the same time is able to house many
slum residents. I would suggest cheaper materials as it saves money and the
slum residents are contented.

However, Residents need to have the skills of building
houses and at the same time have the construction materials that are needed for
building such as construction vehicles

# data[].attributes.subject
I would recommend using slum upgrading and build taller
houses that take lesser land space but at the same time is able to house many
slum residents. I would suggest cheaper materials as it saves money and the
slum residents are contented.

However, Residents need to have the skills of building
houses and at the same time have the construction materials that are needed for
building such as construction vehicles

# data[].attributes.headline
I would recommend slum upgrading because residents can build
the houses themselves to reduce construction cost. As the cost of private
housing has increased over the years and the population size is two million, it’ll
be more profitable to upgrade the slums since there are a lot of people to be
housed in. 

I would provide the residents with materials like concrete
and basic services like rooftop water tank , toilets , sewers and piped water
systems. The times it takes to complete the construction will take about two
years. Residents can continue to stay in the houses while working on improving
the houses at a pace feasible for them. (During their free time) The location of
the slums will be shifted to flat grounds and we will build dams and flood walls
beside the houses to retain and store water when flooding occur. 

# data[].attributes.subject
I would recommend slum upgrading because residents can build
the houses themselves to reduce construction cost. As the cost of private
housing has increased over the years and the population size is two million, it’ll
be more profitable to upgrade the slums since there are a lot of people to be
housed in. 

I would provide the residents with materials like concrete
and basic services like rooftop water tank , toilets , sewers and piped water
systems. The times it takes to complete the construction will take about two
years. Residents can continue to stay in the houses while working on improving
the houses at a pace feasible for them. (During their free time) The location of
the slums will be shifted to flat grounds and we will build dams and flood walls
beside the houses to retain and store water when flooding occur. 

# data[].attributes.body
Yi Fan and Lin Jie

# data[].attributes.headline
I would recommend slum upgrading as the prices of rebuilding
and renovating the slums are less costly, it will also be more fairly priced
for those that are not financially stable. This is so, as less money is required
on the working cost as residents are able to rebuild their own house in their
own free time. Moreover, the government just have to supply the slum residents
with the necessary materials instead of helping them to rebuild their homes,
which is much more costly.

This will also help the government to relief funding and
make the house more affordable for the people. The effect of rebuilding the
slums will also help those that suffered in landslides and floods to take this opportunity
and rebuilt their slums instead of moving and paying more money. The money that
was saved can also be used for the residents to install basic amenities such as
a proper waste disposal system and clean drinking water. The remaining money by
the government can be used to build schools and hospitals so as to prevent the
residents from leaving their homes and migrating into the city. As such housing
shortage in slums should be resolved by slum upgrading.

# data[].attributes.subject
I would recommend slum upgrading as the prices of rebuilding
and renovating the slums are less costly, it will also be more fairly priced
for those that are not financially stable. This is so, as less money is required
on the working cost as residents are able to rebuild their own house in their
own free time. Moreover, the government just have to supply the slum residents
with the necessary materials instead of helping them to rebuild their homes,
which is much more costly.

This will also help the government to relief funding and
make the house more affordable for the people. The effect of rebuilding the
slums will also help those that suffered in landslides and floods to take this opportunity
and rebuilt their slums instead of moving and paying more money. The money that
was saved can also be used for the residents to install basic amenities such as
a proper waste disposal system and clean drinking water. The remaining money by
the government can be used to build schools and hospitals so as to prevent the
residents from leaving their homes and migrating into the city. As such housing
shortage in slums should be resolved by slum upgrading.

# data[].attributes.body
Wilbyn Tan

# data[].attributes.body
I would recommend slum upgrading as the percentage of slum population is 70%, on steep slopes and swampy areas, and not many people can afford private housing or public housing. New homes cannot be built as it will cost the government a lot of money and there will be manpower shortage to build new homes. The Government will provide residents living in slums with the materials needed to upgrade their houses ,residents living in slums also can start to upgrade their homes with the self-help scheme whenever they have free time. Slum upgrading is also chosen because of the location of the slums. The steep slopes and swampy areas have a high risk of landslides and flooding. The residents of the slums do not have a consistent pay to afford a private house and can only afford to live in slums with basic necessities after the upgrading.

Lyon and Sean

# data[].attributes.headline
I would recommend providing the residents training of building houses

# data[].attributes.subject
I would recommend providing the residents training of building houses

# data[].attributes.headline
i would recommend provision of public housing as construction of the home would be able to house much more residents than upgrading the slums they currently live in. This saves land space. However, the downside to the provision of public housing is that the cost of construction is much higher than that of slum upgrading. Another downside to provision of public housing is that the construction of the home takes a much longer time to construct than that of slum upgrading. Since the construction of the home would take a longer time, slum residents are required to be move to  a temporary home while their home is being constructed. On the bright of provision of pubic housing is that slums are vulnerable to fires and ricks of eviction. Slums also do not have the proper basic services such as clean water supply, electricity supply and proper sewage and sanitation disposal. Public housing provides all residents with adequate housing, access to all basic service such as transportation and recreation. All residents, regardless of income level or age, would feel a sense of belonging and actively contribute to the community.

# data[].attributes.subject
i would recommend provision of public housing as construction of the home would be able to house much more residents than upgrading the slums they currently live in. This saves land space. However, the downside to the provision of public housing is that the cost of construction is much higher than that of slum upgrading. Another downside to provision of public housing is that the construction of the home takes a much longer time to construct than that of slum upgrading. Since the construction of the home would take a longer time, slum residents are required to be move to  a temporary home while their home is being constructed. On the bright of provision of pubic housing is that slums are vulnerable to fires and ricks of eviction. Slums also do not have the proper basic services such as clean water supply, electricity supply and proper sewage and sanitation disposal. Public housing provides all residents with adequate housing, access to all basic service such as transportation and recreation. All residents, regardless of income level or age, would feel a sense of belonging and actively contribute to the community.

# data[].attributes.body
DILON SIM,206

# data[].attributes.body
I would recommend providing public housing for the residents although it may be a little more costly compared to slum upgrading. Firstly, residents will be exposed to natural disasters like flooding as the slum they live in is located in a swampy area. Also, residents are not equipped with basic necessities such as clean water supple, electricity and proper sanitation. This may lead to them having health problems such as cholera and dysentery which may result in death. By having slum upgrading, the residents may still be at risk of flooding and landslides as the slum is built on a steep slope. Although the prices of housing has increased over the years, the housing can still be subsidized by the government so that the residents can afford it. By moving into a public housing they will have a safe environment to stay in.

si hui and sin yee

# data[].attributes.headline
I would recommend slum upgrading as residents can stay in their houses while saving money at the same time.also Slum upgrading improves the quality of the residents' houses 

# data[].attributes.subject
I would recommend slum upgrading as residents can stay in their houses while saving money at the same time.also Slum upgrading improves the quality of the residents' houses 

# data[].attributes.headline
However,It might take a longer time if residents do slum upgrading themselves

# data[].attributes.subject
However,It might take a longer time if residents do slum upgrading themselves

# data[].attributes.body
Slum upgrading costs less and is more effective than relocation to public housing. Developing land with basic services costs even less. Slums are built on land that is unsafe or fundamentally unstable. For example, a slum may develop on steep slopes and swampy areas where flooding occurs                frequently.Residents can move temporarily to an area with new housing units equipped with services, the vacant slum area would then be upgraded will take a shorter time to finish upgrading.
Even though slums could be located on areas that are prone to land or mudslides, location is critically important for the urban poor. They need to be near the city where job opportunities are accessible.

It also provides the residents there the basic services and it also saves more money for the residents than private housing

# data[].attributes.body
i would encourage slum upgrading as the population size is 2 million and 70% is slum population . furthermore, the cost of public housing has increased from $50,000 to $95,000 within 5 years. if people wanted private housing, the amount of time needed is too much and the cost would be very high for the government. i suggest that when they upgrade their slum, they shift it to a better location instead of staying at the steep slopes and swampy areas where flood occurs frequently. slum upgrading would be cheaper and less time-consuming.Jia Yi

# data[].attributes.body
I would recommend slum upgrading to solve housing shortage as it saves construction costs. Many of the slums are found in low-lying areas or near steep slopes and resident will not be able to afford the houses in the city, like private housing. Residents will upgrade the houses themselves at a pace feasible for them like their free time. The residents can also continue living in their houses while working on it and do not have to worry about the cost of rental flats. They can also learn more things as they will be equipped with skills to use when building their houses.                         However, the residents will have to find construction materials or basic services by themselves as the Government does not provide housing directly but only provide either one, basic services or construction materials. The houses that they built with the materials found by themselves might be flammable and not sturdy enough to shelter them from the natural elements. The houses might easily collapse due to the unstable structure when there are any natural disasters like landslides or earthquake. It will also take time to equip the residents with the skills needed to build their houses which will increase the time needed to finish upgrading the slums.

Melody Leow Ching Yan :)

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I would encourage slum upgrading to help with the housing shortage as residents build the houses themselves which will reduce construction costs.Residents continue to stay in their houses while improving on their houses at a feasible pace for them,like during their free time.However,the residents have to get trained to be equipped with the skills they need to build their houses as the government does not provide housing directly but only provide assistance in the form of construction materials or basic services.This will take some time and would lengthen the process.

Adriana Yusman ._.

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This is because slum residents can be shifted to an area with units equipped with services while slum upgrading is conducted. Also,vacated slum area would be upgraded and residents can move back to their original houses after slum upgrading is completed. Residents can save money and spend it on other needs like sanitation.The slum population is also too big to build new houses for everyone.
Therefore, using the slum upgrading method would allow all the residents to enjoy the benefits. Public housing is hard to be carried out as the location is on steep slopes and swampy areas where it is prone to flooding.Residents can also continue to stay in their own houses while working on improving the houses at a pace feasible for them. The residents would also be equipped with the skill on how to build houses. Public housing is not advisable because there is not enough space for new apartments to be built, also the area is swampy and have steep slopes. This makes building of public housing to be very tough. Public housing would benefit fewer people. Hence, slum upgrading would benefit more people.
[ Hui Ting and Vanitha ]

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slum upgrading as the price of private housing increased so the price of workers wil increase and the slum dwellers will lose money.

Slum upgrading costs less and is more effective than relocation to public housing. Developing land with basic services costs even less.
Slums are built on land that is unsafe or fundamentally unstable. For example, a slum may develop on steep slopes and swampy areas where flooding occurs                frequently. Even though slums could be located on areas that are prone to land or mudslides, location is critically important for the urban poor.

They need to be near the city where job opportunities are accessible.

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The Cities Alliance is a global partnership for urban poverty reduction and the promotion of the role of cities in sustainable development.

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I would suggest slum upgrading as the amount money needed to provide all of the slum resident proper housing would exceed the budget that the government has to spend.Slum upgrading is the cheapest and the most efficient way to help slum residents as it needs little money and residents can improve their houses at a feasible pace for them. This saves more money for the government and lets slum residents save money on rental fees.Slum upgrading also does not need any extra land to build extra housing as the upgrading happens on the same plot of land.The extra provision provided by the government helps to decrease the chances of disasters like earthquakes , landslides and risk of fires from demolishing their houses.The facilities built by the residents like toilets and a proper sewage disposal help to decrease the chances of diseases like dysentry and cholera.  Although slum upgrading is affordable,time may be wasted when residents waste time and take longer to build their houses if they do not have free time.The government will also have to provide the residents with the proper training in order to improve their homes. Thus slum upgrading has its good and bad points.

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I would suggest slum upgrading as the amount money needed to provide all of the slum resident proper housing would exceed the budget that the government has to spend.Slum upgrading is the cheapest and the most efficient way to help slum residents as it needs little money and residents can improve their houses at a feasible pace for them. This saves more money for the government and lets slum residents save money on rental fees.Slum upgrading also does not need any extra land to build extra housing as the upgrading happens on the same plot of land.The extra provision provided by the government helps to decrease the chances of disasters like earthquakes , landslides and risk of fires from demolishing their houses.The facilities built by the residents like toilets and a proper sewage disposal help to decrease the chances of diseases like dysentry and cholera.  Although slum upgrading is affordable,time may be wasted when residents waste time and take longer to build their houses if they do not have free time.The government will also have to provide the residents with the proper training in order to improve their homes. Thus slum upgrading has its good and bad points.

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Jingwen and Felicity

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I would choose the method of slum upgrading as it is the most fastest and cheapest method for the people to enjoy living in slums without having the government spending too much time and resources to solve the problem. This will also allow the government to have more time to upgrade more slums and help the curren slum dwellers to improve their housing condition.

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I would choose the method of slum upgrading as it is the most fastest and cheapest method for the people to enjoy living in slums without having the government spending too much time and resources to solve the problem. This will also allow the government to have more time to upgrade more slums and help the curren slum dwellers to improve their housing condition.

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- Zhi Sheng

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I would use slum upgrading as it is the most efficient way of ensuring that the population has basic services and a shelter while saving money on materials and workers as residents upgrade their houses with cheap materials provided by the government.This frees up more funds for other us

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I would use slum upgrading as it is the most efficient way of ensuring that the population has basic services and a shelter while saving money on materials and workers as residents upgrade their houses with cheap materials provided by the government.This frees up more funds for other us

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Wesley

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I would recommend slum upgrading because it reduces construction costs and the residents are still able to continue living in their homes while working on improving the houses at a pace feasible for them. Also governments provide assistance in the form of construction materials or basic services. It also improves the conditions of existing housing for low-income residents. This is because slums and squatter settlements are urban areas which are heavily populated, and the residents have poor quality housing and poor access to basic services. If the residents continue to stay in slums and squatter settlements they may suffer from lack of safe shelter and insufficient basic services which might lead to spread of diseases. The walls and roofs of houses also tend to be made of poor quality materials that are flammable. Hence, this increases the risk of fires. Weak foundations and unstable walls of houses make the residents vulnerable to natural disasters such as floods and earthquakes. This causes more problems for the residents. The houses are also built in a dense and disorderly manner which makes it difficult to evacuate during emergencies so they are not protected against natural elements. The residents in slums and squatter settlements also lack access to electricity, clean water, proper sanitation and waste disposal. This is often due to lack of infrastructure such as power lines, water pipes, toilets and proper waste management facilities. This is a major problem because it is unhygienic and might cause a widespread of diseases. There are also no proper roads which reduces the accessibility of residents in getting to places. Environmental pollution can result in unpleasant or damaging effects to the environment and human health. All this is caused by inadequate provision of basic services. It might also contaminate nearby sources such as wells. This causes a low level of health due to poor living conditions. A lack of basic services makes people more vulnerable to diseases and a lack of safe drinking water may cause people to use water from the polluted rivers and contaminated wells. Unsafe drinking water may lead to diseases like cholera and dysentery. A lack of waste management facilities results in the improper disposal of rubbish which might also result in clogged drains and sewers. This produces a breeding ground for mosquitoes. Residents are also vulnerable when living in slums and squatter settlements as they have the risk of fires, landslides and evictions. Slums and squatter settlements should be upgraded to provide a higher quality housing to residents. Training is also provided to the residents to equip them with the skills to build their houses. For example, the Rocinha Project in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Most of the wooden houses have been replaced with concrete houses. The proportion of houses with electricity have also increased from 30% to 75%. Services such as rooftop water tanks and piped water systems were added to the houses. Proper sanitation facilities such as toilets and sewers were also built. Some slum upgrading efforts are also causing slum residents to move out temporarily to an area with new housing units equipped with services. Then vacated slum area would be upgraded. Only then can residents return to their original sites when upgrading is completed. Some might consider this to be an opportunity to improve their living conditions however, some are reluctant to participate because they are uncertain about its success or they face difficulties when paying for the cost of the new housing units.

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I would recommend slum upgrading because it reduces construction costs and the residents are still able to continue living in their homes while working on improving the houses at a pace feasible for them. Also governments provide assistance in the form of construction materials or basic services. It also improves the conditions of existing housing for low-income residents. This is because slums and squatter settlements are urban areas which are heavily populated, and the residents have poor quality housing and poor access to basic services. If the residents continue to stay in slums and squatter settlements they may suffer from lack of safe shelter and insufficient basic services which might lead to spread of diseases. The walls and roofs of houses also tend to be made of poor quality materials that are flammable. Hence, this increases the risk of fires. Weak foundations and unstable walls of houses make the residents vulnerable to natural disasters such as floods and earthquakes. This causes more problems for the residents. The houses are also built in a dense and disorderly manner which makes it difficult to evacuate during emergencies so they are not protected against natural elements. The residents in slums and squatter settlements also lack access to electricity, clean water, proper sanitation and waste disposal. This is often due to lack of infrastructure such as power lines, water pipes, toilets and proper waste management facilities. This is a major problem because it is unhygienic and might cause a widespread of diseases. There are also no proper roads which reduces the accessibility of residents in getting to places. Environmental pollution can result in unpleasant or damaging effects to the environment and human health. All this is caused by inadequate provision of basic services. It might also contaminate nearby sources such as wells. This causes a low level of health due to poor living conditions. A lack of basic services makes people more vulnerable to diseases and a lack of safe drinking water may cause people to use water from the polluted rivers and contaminated wells. Unsafe drinking water may lead to diseases like cholera and dysentery. A lack of waste management facilities results in the improper disposal of rubbish which might also result in clogged drains and sewers. This produces a breeding ground for mosquitoes. Residents are also vulnerable when living in slums and squatter settlements as they have the risk of fires, landslides and evictions. Slums and squatter settlements should be upgraded to provide a higher quality housing to residents. Training is also provided to the residents to equip them with the skills to build their houses. For example, the Rocinha Project in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Most of the wooden houses have been replaced with concrete houses. The proportion of houses with electricity have also increased from 30% to 75%. Services such as rooftop water tanks and piped water systems were added to the houses. Proper sanitation facilities such as toilets and sewers were also built. Some slum upgrading efforts are also causing slum residents to move out temporarily to an area with new housing units equipped with services. Then vacated slum area would be upgraded. Only then can residents return to their original sites when upgrading is completed. Some might consider this to be an opportunity to improve their living conditions however, some are reluctant to participate because they are uncertain about its success or they face difficulties when paying for the cost of the new housing units.

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Lau Zhan You

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Slums in the United States Slum House Urban Slums Agra City Slums Kenya Slum House Manila Slum Areas Before After Upgrading Slums Kibera Slum Upgrading Project Kibera Slum Kampala Slums Kibera Slum Nairobi Seattle Slums Pictures of Slums in Maryland Slum Neighborhoods India Slum Improvement In

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I would suggest provision of public housing as it saves land space and can hold much more residents in a plot of land compared to building slums. However, the downside of Provision of Public Housing Is that is costs a lot of money to construct such a house compared to slum upgrading.Another downside to provision of public housing is that the sum residents are required to move to a temporary home while the house is being constructed. Construction of the house might also take a longer time compared to slum upgrading. Provision of public housing also provides all residents with adequate housing, access to all basic service such as transport and recreation.Residents,regardless of age or income, are able to feel a sense in belonging and actively contribute to the community. 

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I would suggest provision of public housing as it saves land space and can hold much more residents in a plot of land compared to building slums. However, the downside of Provision of Public Housing Is that is costs a lot of money to construct such a house compared to slum upgrading.Another downside to provision of public housing is that the sum residents are required to move to a temporary home while the house is being constructed. Construction of the house might also take a longer time compared to slum upgrading. Provision of public housing also provides all residents with adequate housing, access to all basic service such as transport and recreation.Residents,regardless of age or income, are able to feel a sense in belonging and actively contribute to the community. 

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I would use the slum upgrading method as the government need not provide housing directly. It reduces the cost of construction is greatly reduced as people build the houses themselves. It will also be the more profitable decision as 70% of the population lives in slums and private housing is expensive and almost 3/4 of the country's population are not able to afford the increased price of housing,as such if slums were to be converted to private housing,those that might not be afford might move to other slums,which still contain poor living conditions and a lack of basic services,as such their quality of life is not improved at all. Considering that the deadline is in 3 years and the construction will take 5 years,it is not a good choice as buildings might be rushed,resulting in weak foundations. For the flooding problem,the houses could be upgraded and re built on higher ground. Slum upgrading can also be done during the resident's free time and at a feasible pace,example during their free time. It will also be less costly for the government as they only need to provide training and construction materials to the residents. Also,the lack of funds might cause the project to provide provision of public housing to fail,as such the houses might be left incomplete and residents might be left homeless. As such,slum upgrading will benefit more people. 

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I would use the slum upgrading method as the government need not provide housing directly. It reduces the cost of construction is greatly reduced as people build the houses themselves. It will also be the more profitable decision as 70% of the population lives in slums and private housing is expensive and almost 3/4 of the country's population are not able to afford the increased price of housing,as such if slums were to be converted to private housing,those that might not be afford might move to other slums,which still contain poor living conditions and a lack of basic services,as such their quality of life is not improved at all. Considering that the deadline is in 3 years and the construction will take 5 years,it is not a good choice as buildings might be rushed,resulting in weak foundations. For the flooding problem,the houses could be upgraded and re built on higher ground. Slum upgrading can also be done during the resident's free time and at a feasible pace,example during their free time. It will also be less costly for the government as they only need to provide training and construction materials to the residents. Also,the lack of funds might cause the project to provide provision of public housing to fail,as such the houses might be left incomplete and residents might be left homeless. As such,slum upgrading will benefit more people. 

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-Viola(:3_ _)

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I would consider choosing the option of slum upgrading.       It is because it would take too much money and time to house the population and build new public housing estates.                                      In addition, this method is also convenient as residents would be able to build or improve their living conditions during their free time or at a pace feasible for them.            It would also cost less to only upgrade the foundation of these slums.                               Even though, i understand that training and lessons need to be provided for the slum residents.However the overall cost would still be lesser  than providing and building public housing for them.                   With the excess money, it can be used to further improve the country's economy and public amenities such as hospitals and schools.                                Steep slopes and swampy areas are not ideal for building high rise buildings or public housing.        Therefore,choosing slum upgrading over providing public housing is the most suitable option as it solves both the problems of the residents' needs and the limited budget of the government.          Moreover,the decision of using the option of public housing would be difficult as the land and area where the slums are located are not ideal.                                             - Done by: Jasleen and Ivy

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I would consider choosing the option of slum upgrading.       It is because it would take too much money and time to house the population and build new public housing estates.                                      In addition, this method is also convenient as residents would be able to build or improve their living conditions during their free time or at a pace feasible for them.            It would also cost less to only upgrade the foundation of these slums.                               Even though, i understand that training and lessons need to be provided for the slum residents.However the overall cost would still be lesser  than providing and building public housing for them.                   With the excess money, it can be used to further improve the country's economy and public amenities such as hospitals and schools.                                Steep slopes and swampy areas are not ideal for building high rise buildings or public housing.        Therefore,choosing slum upgrading over providing public housing is the most suitable option as it solves both the problems of the residents' needs and the limited budget of the government.          Moreover,the decision of using the option of public housing would be difficult as the land and area where the slums are located are not ideal.                                             - Done by: Jasleen and Ivy

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Instructions:  (1) Read the following scenario carefully.                                                         2) Pose your answers / pictures in the space in this padlet.                                                                                                                                                                                                      You have been engaged as a consultant to help address the
problem of housing shortage in Country X. The key facts of its housing
situation are as follows:                                                                                                                                                                                                                            (i)    Population size of Country X is 2 million                                                                                    (ii)   Percentage of slum population is  70%                                                                                     (iii)   Location of most slums is on steep slopes and
swampy areas where flooding occurs                frequently.                                                                                                                                         (iv)   The costs of private housing  has increased from $ 50,000 to $ 95,000 in a matter of 5               years

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Instructions:  (1) Read the following scenario carefully.                                                         2) Pose your answers / pictures in the space in this padlet.                                                                                                                                                                                                      You have been engaged as a consultant to help address the
problem of housing shortage in Country X. The key facts of its housing
situation are as follows:                                                                                                                                                                                                                            (i)    Population size of Country X is 2 million                                                                                    (ii)   Percentage of slum population is  70%                                                                                     (iii)   Location of most slums is on steep slopes and
swampy areas where flooding occurs                frequently.                                                                                                                                         (iv)   The costs of private housing  has increased from $ 50,000 to $ 95,000 in a matter of 5               years

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 Your task:   To solve the housing shortage problem in three years by using ONE of
              the options that you have learned.

Options : SLUM UPGRADING OR PROVISION OF PUBLIC HOUSING

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This padlet is designed to provide you with a platform to consolidate your understanding of the topic on strategies to manage housing shortage.                                                                                                                                             Make use of space to post your understanding and answers and also pose any questions that you may have on the topic above.                                                                                                                                                   

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This padlet is designed to provide you with a platform to consolidate your understanding of the topic on strategies to manage housing shortage.                                                                                                                                             Make use of space to post your understanding and answers and also pose any questions that you may have on the topic above.                                                                                                                                                   

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A slum in Asia