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Jackie starts to gain a massive amount of fame...

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Jackie starts to gain a massive amount of fame...

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Jackie got an autobiography about him and he was the second most popular man in America in October 1947.

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Jackie gets a spot in the Hall of Fame...

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Jackie gets a spot in the Hall of Fame...

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On July 23, 1962 Jackie had done many things in his fight to break down racial barriers in sports, and these efforts got him a spot in the Hall of Fame.

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Jackie helped his team win their first world championship in 1955

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Wait 'til Next Year! The phrase became a euphemism for a baseball season gone awry and nowhere did it receive greater play than in the 1940s and 1950s with the Brooklyn Dodgers and their long-suffering fans. 1 The Dodgers had never won a World Series and in those two decades leading to the 1955 season, they had lost the World Series five times to the archrival New York Yankees - 1941, 1947, 1949, 1952, and 1953. And we haven't even mentioned the "trauma" for Dodgers fans of "The Shot Heard 'Round the World," Bobby Thomson's home run off Ralph Branca in the 1951 National League playoff against the Dodgers to put the New York Giants in the World Series against those same Yankees. 2

The wait finally ended for Brooklyn Dodgers fans. With two outs in the bottom of the ninth inning in Game Seven of the 1955 World Series, Elston Howard grounds to Dodgers shortstop and captain Pee Wee Reese, who throws to first baseman Gil Hodges for the third out, sealing a 2-0 win and the first and only World Series title for the Brooklyn Dodgers. Reese would later comment that "it seemed to take hours to pick up that ball." 3

For the Dodgers, under second-year manager Walter Alston, the 1955 season turned into a "no contest" National League title. On April 16, four days into the season, they were all alone in first place, where they remained for the rest of the season. The Dodgers won their first 10 games and on May 10 were 22-2, 9½ games ahead of the Giants. Their first-place lead grew to 17 games in early September and they finished the season 13½ games ahead of the Milwaukee Braves. The Dodgers had an eighth shot at winning their first World Series. 4

The first six games of the World Series followed the conventional formula of a home-team advantage. The Yankees won the first two games at Yankee Stadium and the Dodgers won the next three at Ebbets Field. A Yankees win at home in Game Six set the stage for a seventh and final game at Yankee Stadium. While contemplating the endless possibilities of how Game Seven would play out, one need only look back to the baserunning in Game One to understand the intensity of this rivalry and the competitiveness of its combatants.

With two outs in the bottom of the sixth inning and the Yankees leading 6-3, Billy Martin tripled to deep left field off Don Newcombe. Martin tried to steal home but was tagged out by Roy Campanella. The fiery Martin took a few steps toward Campanella, but decided instead to retreat to the dugout. He later said he thought he had been tagged on the throat. After the game in the company of the press, Campanella replied, "[T]ell that little so-and-so that I missed. I tried to put the ball in his mouth." 5

In the same game, the Dodgers trailed by two runs with two outs in the top of the eighth inning and Jackie Robinson was, as was customary, dancing off third base. Robinson knew that "I was reaching the end of my peak years as an athlete" 6 with diminishing physical skills. When Robinson steals home, protestations by Yankees catcher Yogi Berra ensue but the safe call by umpire Bill Summers stands. 7 Robinson understood that it was not the best baseball strategy, but "whether it was because of my stealing home or not, the team had a new fire." 8

For the Yankees and manager Casey Stengel, the choice for Game Seven starter was pretty straightforward. Tommy Byrne, a 16-game winner in the regular season, had pitched a strong complete-game five-hitter for the Yankees' 4-2 Game Two victory. The conventional choice for Dodgers manager Walter Alston could have been Don Newcombe, a 20-game winner in the regular season, but Newcombe had been hit hard by the Yankees in Game One and had won only two games since July 31. The Yankees were teeing off on right-handed fastball pitching and Newcombe's lack of an effective curve was a significant risk. It became apparent that Alston had decided against using Newcombe for the remainder of the World Series. 9 After Alston had used six starting pitchers in the first six games, Johnny Podres was his choice, having pitched a complete-game 8-3 win in Game Three. After that game, Podres credited former Dodgers manager Chuck Dressen with teaching him how to throw a changeup. "It was my changeup that did it. I kept them off balance most of the day with my 'out' ball." 10

In the first three innings of Game Seven, the Dodgers managed only two walks with neither runner advancing into scoring position. The game remained scoreless in the bottom of the third when a fluke play ended a Yankee threat. With two outs, Phil Rizzuto walked and Billy Martin singled him to second. Gil McDougald's little grounder toward third base seemed like a sure hit since Don Hoak was playing back at third, but the batted ball hit a sliding Rizzuto and the inning was over with Yogi Berra stranded on deck. 11

The Dodgers scored the game's first run in the fourth inning. Roy Campanella doubled and advanced to third on Carl Furillo's groundout. Gil Hodges knocked him in with a single to left field. Good fortune followed when the Dodgers manufactured a second run in the top of the sixth inning. Reese singled and Duke Snider was safe on an attempted sacrifice when Bill Skowron dropped his bunt. Campanella's bunt was successful and the bases were loaded after Carl Furillo was intentionally walked. Bob Grim replaced Byrne to face Hodges and yielded a sacrifice fly to deep right-center field for a 2-0 Dodgers lead.

As the Dodgers took the field in the bottom of the sixth inning, the stage was being set for one of the most dramatic plays in their history. Alston's use of pinch-hitter George Shuba required a series of defensive moves, one of which included inserting Sandy Amoros in left field. Later, it was dubbed the "most fortunate strategic move" of the World Series." 12

Martin walked and McDougald singled to open the bottom of the sixth. When Berra hit a fly ball into the left-field corner, Amoros raced and caught the ball on the run. He wheeled around and threw to Pee Wee Reese, who fired to first base to double off Gil McDougald. 13 Martin was stranded at second when Hank Bauer grounded out. For the Dodgers, that double play set a new World Series record, 12 by one team, 14 but its significance stood above the others as the game entered its final three innings.

The Dodgers were unable to muster much offense in the final three innings, just two singles and a walk, so Podres needed to bear down. In the bottom of the seventh, Elston Howard's two-out single brought up pinch-hitter Mickey Mantle, whose hamstring pull limited his playing time in this Series to three games. 15 Mantle homered off Podres in Game Three but this time he hit a pop fly to Reese. In the bottom of the eighth inning, the Yankees again had a scoring opportunity with runners on first and third and one out, but Podres retired Berra on a fly ball to right and struck out Bauer. The bottom of ninth may have seemed interminably long for Dodgers fans, but Podres retired the side in order. Howard grounds to Reese who throws to Hodges for the third out, an indelible moment in Brooklyn's baseball history. 16 A moment of unbounded joy!

Podres was named the World Series' most valuable player. How did he do it? Simple. He followed Campanella's advice given as they sat quietly in the clubhouse discussing Yankees hitters minutes before the pregame warmup for Game Seven. "Just get that changeup over like the other day," Campy said. "Get it over, you got nothing to worry about." 17 He did that for the first three or four innings, "but over the last five I stayed pretty much with the fastball ...with the ball flashing from sunlight into shadow." 18 Podres shook off his catcher only once in the entire Game Seven and it was on the last pitch. "I wanted a fastball," Campy said. "He wanted a changeup. That boy had the last word. He sure did." 19

The celebration and carnival atmosphere in Brooklyn, dancing in the streets, blowing horns and decorated cars, were described by Dan Daniel, acclaimed sportswriter for the New York World Telegram and The Sporting News, in his World Series diary. 20 He added his own prognosis: "I dare say Bob Moses is not likely, now, to oppose the wishes of the people of Brooklyn as regards that new ball park Walter O'Malley wants to build at Flatbush and Atlantic avenues." 21 Soon enough, Dodgers fans of all ages would learn otherwise!
Author's note
For the author, the 1951 National League playoff series could now become just a memory. The first Brooklyn Dodgers World Series championship in 1955 and subsequent brief encounters with both Bobby Thomson and Ralph Branca made things right again. 22
Sources
The author accessed Baseball-Reference.com for box scores/play-by-play information ( baseball-reference.com/boxes/NYA/NYA195510040.shtml) and other data, as well as Retrosheet.org ( retrosheet.org/boxesetc/1955/B10040NYA1955.htm).
Notes
1 Paul Dickson, The Dickson Baseball Dictionary, 3rd Edition (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2009), 918. "A Willard Mullin cartoon ( New York World Telegram, August 9, 1939) depicted a character in a Dodgers uniform claiming that his theme song was 'Wait 'Till Next Year: A Torch Ballad in One Flat' with words and music by The Dodgers."

2 Scott Ferkovich, "The Shot Heard 'Round the World," in Bill Nowlin et al., editors, The Team That Time Won't Forget: The 1951 New York Giants (Phoenix: Society for American Baseball Research, 2015), 365.

3 Robert Creamer, "When Brooklyn Won," Sports Illustrated, October 17, 1955: 57.

4 In addition to the five Dodgers-vs.-Yankees World Series mentioned previously, the Brooklyn Robins lost in 1916 to the Boston Red Sox, 4 games to 1, and in 1920 they lost to the Cleveland Indians, 5 games to 2.

5 The Sporting News, October 12, 1955: 21.

6 Jackie Robinson, I Never Had It Made (New York: Putnam, 1972), 118.

7 "Robinson Steals Home," MLB.com, accessed July 29, 2018, mlb.com/video/robinson-steals-home/c-9336883.

8 Robinson, 120. Note: Robinson's steal of home was not without controversy and comment by second-guessing grandstand managers. For example, Fred Haney, deposed manager of the Pirates, and Chuck Dressen, manager of the Senators, differed in their appraisal when interviewed on Bill Stern's radio show after the game. "Haney called it a 'stupid' move, while Dressen upheld it as a move that had an upsetting influence on the Yankees." - The Sporting News, October 12, 1955: 21. However, broadcaster Harry Caray declared, "Perhaps never in the history of the World Series has one man played such a unique role as has Jackie Robinson this year ... through the inspiration of his own play ... his own daring and imagination." - Arnold Rampersad, Jackie Robinson (New York: Ballantine Books, 1997), 285.

9 Bill Roeder, "First-Game Rout Steered Alston Off Newcombe," The Sporting News, October 12, 1955: 19.

10 The Sporting News, October 12, 1955: 23.

11 Berra doubled when he came up in the fourth inning, but this time Podres stranded him at second base.

12 J. Roy Stockton, "Series in Review: High and Low Spots of '55 Classic," The Sporting News, October 12, 1955: 19.

13 "Fildeo de Sandy Amoros Serie Mundial 1955," YouTube, accessed July 29, 2018, youtube.com/watch?v=Xcw7TH581uo&app=desktop.

14 Leonard Gettelson, "45 Records Set, 28 Tied in '55 Classic," The Sporting News, October 12, 1955: 8.

15 James Lincoln Ray, "Mickey Mantle," SABR Baseball Biography Project, sabr.org/bioproj/person/61e4590a.

16 "Dodgers Win 1955 World Series," YouTube, accessed July 29, 2018, youtube.com/watch?v=1Li5QM_cxPg.

17 Milton Gross, "Podres' Greatest Day," Baseball Digest, November-December 1955: 41.

18 Donald Honig, The October Heroes (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1979), 212.

20 Dan Daniel, "Over the Fence: A World Series Reporter Gossips (Tuesday, October 4)," The Sporting News, October 12, 1955: 10.

22 In the mid-1960s, I found myself on a helicopter flight from Newark Airport to LaGuardia, sitting next to Bobby Thomson. We shared a few laughs over the story I had to tell him. Years later, I met Ralph Branca at a book festival on Fifth Avenue in New York City and he signed my copy of The Giants Win the Pennant! The Giants Win the Pennant! written by Thomson and co-authors. Two gentlemen in every way.

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October 4, 1955: Brooklyn Dodgers win first World Series as 'Next Year' finally arrives

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Wait 'til Next Year! The phrase became a euphemism for a baseball season gone awry and nowhere did it receive greater play than in the 1940s and 1950s with the Brooklyn Dodgers and their long-suffering fans.

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Jackie also got a film about his life...

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Jackie also got a film about his life...

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In 1950 Jackie got a film called The Jackie Robinson Story.

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The Jackie Robinson Story (1950) | Ruby Dee

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Jackie got a comic book that many people bought in 1949.

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Jackie Robinson made history by being the first Black baseball player in Major League Baseball. He also has his own day on April 15, along with a comic series based off of his story. VIBE 105 has all the details.

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Jackie gets the Rookie of the Year award...

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Jackie gets the Rookie of the Year award...

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Jackie got the Rookie of the Year award in 1947.

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On April 10, 1947 Jackie played baseball so well that the Dodgers bought his contract from the Royals and invited him to join an all-white team.

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On Opening Day, Jackie Robinson made his Dodgers debut in 1947

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Jackie Robinson signs with the Montreal Royals...

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Jackie Robinson signs with the Montreal Royals...

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On October 23, 1945 the Royals had announced that baseball's color barrier had been broken.

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"That is a well-established league, and organized baseball shouldn't take its players," Clark Griffith, owner of the Washington Senators and a future Hall of Famer, told the United Press.

Tom Baird, one of the owners of the Monarchs, agreed.

"Some attempt at reimbursement should be made for Robinson," Baird told UP. "This case will set a precedent on where we stand."

But the chance for equal opportunity was far more valuable than an existing contract - to both the players and American society.

Robinson, a known figure in the sports world from his days as an all-round athletic star at UCLA, told UP that he "realized how much this means to me, to my race and to baseball."

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When Robinson signed with Montreal, baseball and America changed forever

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"That is a well-established league, and organized baseball shouldn't take its players," Clark Griffith, owner of the Washington Senators and a future Hall of Famer, told the United Press. Tom Baird, one of the owners of the Monarchs, agreed. "Some attempt at reimbursement should be made for Robinson," Baird told UP.