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 The Dutch implemented Bahasa Melayu as the Lingua Franca of Indonesia. What does Lingua Franca mean?

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 The Dutch implemented Bahasa Melayu as the Lingua Franca of Indonesia. What does Lingua Franca mean?

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A common language that different races in a country all know.A language that is widely spoken and understood even though it is not one's native language

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Why was Bahasa Melayu introduced as Indonesia's national language?

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Why was Bahasa Melayu introduced as Indonesia's national language?

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It was the language used by Malay traders, so the local people found it easier to accept as a common language.

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What are some political, economic and social benefits to a nation having a common language?

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What are some political, economic and social benefits to a nation having a common language?

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A common language gave them a shared identity regardless which part of Indonesia they came from. This common identity would form the basis for Indonesian nationalism after WW2.

It also aided the economy of Indonesia as it allowed for labour to move freely throughout the country and for business to be conducted more quickly, given that everyone spoke a common language.

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What were the positions and roles of the Chinese in Indonesia?

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What were the positions and roles of the Chinese in Indonesia?

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The Chinese established themselves as entrepreneurs in the opium trade, pawnshops and gambling dens. Other Chinese worked as coolies, miners, shop-owners, tax-farmer( a civillian who helps the government collect taxes) or money lenders.

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How did the Chinese maintain their separation from the native Indonesians?

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How did the Chinese maintain their separation from the native Indonesians?

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The Chinese lived separately from the local Indonesians and continued to maintain their own, separate cultural traditions and practices.

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Refer to source 4.11, what does this tell you of Chinese- Malay relations ? (explain your answer with quotes from source)

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Refer to source 4.11, what does this tell you of Chinese- Malay relations ? (explain your answer with quotes from source)

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We can infer that the locals saw the Chinese as greedy and extremely exploitative in the pursuit of profit.

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How might these developments become a long-term problem for Indonesia?

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How might these developments become a long-term problem for Indonesia?

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The presence of a wealthy minority group of immigrants who are racially and culturally distinct from the local population would lead to widespread anger and discrimination against the Chinese.

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Which groups did or did not benefit from these changes?

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Which groups did or did not benefit from these changes?

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On the whole, our group feels that Dutch colonisation had a positive/negative social impact on Indonesia because.... (provide 2 reasons)

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On the whole, our group feels that Dutch colonisation had a positive/negative social impact on Indonesia because.... (provide 2 reasons)

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Based on the text, would you say that education was easily available? Support your answer with statistics.

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Based on the text, would you say that education was easily available? Support your answer with statistics.

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The education was not easily available as it was for low-level civil servants.Only a few locals had enjoyed the benefits of a Western-style education. This can be seen from how by 1940, 94% of the local population was still illiterate.

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What were TWO long-term benefits of Dutch schools like STOVIA?

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What were TWO long-term benefits of Dutch schools like STOVIA?

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Firstly, the Dutch schools allowed some of the locals to get high ranks such as becoming leaders of the nationalist movement. For example, Hatta, Sjahrir and Sukarno were graduates of STOVIA and became nationalist leaders and even presidents.

Secondly, the Dutch education helped Indonesia to become more modern and less primitive in the long run as the education created a small group of elites who helped develop Indonesia

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List the figures for lower consumption of rice, why are these statistics especially important to gauging living standards?

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List the figures for lower consumption of rice, why are these statistics especially important to gauging living standards?

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Rice consumption is an important indicator of living standards in Asia as it is a staple food- an item all Asians need for most of their meals.

From 1856 to 1924, the annual consumption of rice among Javanese dropped from 115kg to 96kg per head.

As the consumption of rice decreases, Indonesians starved or were malnourished due to the lack of carbohydrates.This worsened the living standards as they 'had to sustain themselves on cheaper alternatives such as maize and potatoes.' Malnutrition also became a problem due to the large population and thus they had to introduce a 'minimum wage' to improve the standards of living.

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Refer to source 4.14 and 4.15,, what do these tell you about working conditions? quote information to support your answer.

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Refer to source 4.14 and 4.15,, what do these tell you about working conditions? quote information to support your answer.

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Did Indonesia benefit as a country? How so?

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Did Indonesia benefit as a country? How so?