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a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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35 mm film (millimeter) is the film gauge most commonly used for motion pictures and chemical still photography (see 135 film). The name of the gauge refers to the width of the photographic film, which consists of strips 34.98 ±0.03 mm (1.377 ±0.001 inches) wide.

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A twin-lens reflex camera (TLR) is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens" (the lens that takes the picture), while the other is used for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.

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Large format is larger than "medium format", the 6×6 cm (2¼×2¼ inch) or 6×9 cm (2¼×3½ inch) size of Hasselblad, Rollei, Kowa, and Pentax cameras (using 120- and 220-roll film), and much larger than the 24×36 mm (0.95×1.42 inch) frame of 35 mm format.

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The gelatin silver process is the photographic process used with currently available black-and-white films and printing papers.

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a keeper or custodian of a museum or other collection.

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a public display of works of art or other items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

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Framing refers to using elements of a scene to create a frame within your frame.

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a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

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the exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize others to do the same.

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This can be any closed shape. It doesn’t matter if it’s a bird, or a plane, or Superman, it is a two-dimensional representation of something we recognize.

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Color is characterized by attributes such as value, hue, and saturation.

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An element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art.

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Line is a point that continues; it implies motion. Lines are open and lead the eyes into a photograph or to an interesting point of the photo.

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Form is basically a three-dimensional shape, and is best accentuated by side lighting since it casts soft elegant shadows, and the difference between light and shadows gives a better illustration of the depth of an object and amplifies the sensual understanding of its meaning and message.

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No design element is more capable of moving your deep emotions than texture. The challenge of seeing and capturing texture is mostly based on one element - light. Texture can be accentuated by the side light of early sunny mornings or early evenings, or by overhead light when the sun is vertical and high in the sky.

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The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called middle gray.

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Emphasis is defined as an area or object within the artwork that draws attention and becomes a focal point. Subordination is defined as minimizing or toning down other compositional elements in order to bring attention to the focal point.

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Balance is a compositional technique in photography that juxtaposes images within a frame so that the objects are of equal visual weight.

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Contrast is the difference in luminance or colour that makes an object (or its representation in an image or display) distinguishable.

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Patterns are simply repeated shapes, colours or objects, ordered in either regular or irregular formations.

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In experiencing the scale of an artwork we tend to compare its size to the size of our own bodies. Proportion refers to the relative size of parts of a whole (elements within an object).

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Definition of Rhythm: a movement in which some elements recurs regularly. Like a dance it will have a flow of objects that will seem to be like the beat of music. Definition of Movement: is the path the viewer's eye takes through the artwork, often to a focal area.

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Unity is taking the parts of a piece of art and unifying them in to something better as a whole. Composition is a great way to do this.
The dictionary definition of harmony is “a consistent, orderly, or pleasing arrangement of parts;congruity”. This happens in art by using similar elements through out a piece that bring it together in a “pleasing” way. Harmony can be considered simplicity.

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symmetry around a central axis, as in a starfish or a tulip flower.

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made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis; showing symmetry.

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having parts that fail to correspond to one another in shape, size, or arrangement; lacking symmetry.

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the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.

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containing or using only one color.

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To capture something in a way that it would not usually be seen. details, the patterns, the lines, the form, shape and colors that complete a subject and utilizing those key features to make an engaging image.

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Cool colors — such as blue, green, and purple (violet); evoke a cool feeling because they remind us of things like water or grass.

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Warm colors — such as red, yellow, and orange; evoke warmth because they remind us of things like the sun or fire.

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Abstract photography, sometimes called non-objective, experimental, conceptual or concrete photography, is a means of depicting a visual image that does not have an immediate association with the object world and that has been created through the use of photographic equipment, processes or materials.

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a 20th-century avant-garde movement in art and literature that sought to release the creative potential of the unconscious mind, for example by the irrational juxtaposition of images.

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The rule of thirds is a "rule of thumb" or guideline which applies to the process of composing visual images such as designs, films, paintings, and photographs.

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Leading lines refers to a technique of composition where the viewer of your photos attention is drawn to lines that lead to the main subject of the image.

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The golden ratio is a ratio which has continued to surprise artists, scientists, musicians and mathematicians for centuries.

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An objective perspective is one that is not influenced by emotions, opinions, or personal feelings - it is a perspective based in fact, in things quantifiable and measurable. A subjective perspective is one open to greater interpretation based on personal feeling, emotion, aesthetics, etc.

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Often containing helpful and specific suggestions for positive change, constructive criticism is highly focused on a particular issue or set of issues, as opposed to providing general feedback on the item or organization as a whole.

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The practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

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A trademark is a brand name. A trademark or service mark includes any word, name, symbol, device, or any combination, used or intended to be used to identify and distinguish the goods/services of one seller or provider from those of others, and to indicate the source of the goods/services.

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Relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.

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It is different from background lighting, which refers to the light that a photographer uses to illuminate a backdrop or background. Most photographers use backlighting to add depth into an image or a scene. Others use it to achieve a more dramatic effect.

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Diffused light that which is not harsh and direct, it has been softened in some way. A great example is when you are outside and the sun is shining, with no clouds in the sky.

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Ambient light means the light that is already present in a scene, before any additional lighting is added. It usually refers to natural light, either outdoors or coming through windows etc.

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Chiaroscuro, in art, is the use of strong contrasts between light and dark, usually bold contrasts affecting a whole composition.

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A silhouette is the image of a person, animal, object or scene represented as a solid shape of a single color, usually black, with its edges matching the outline of the subject.

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A file format is the structure of how information is stored (encoded) in a computer file. File formats are designed to store specific types of information, such as JPEG and TIFF for image or raster data, AI (Adobe Illustrator) for vector data, or PDF for document exchange.

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The DNG file format is, by design, meant to create a universal standard for rawimage files, or digital negatives. When raw files from your camera are converted to DNG, they are converted to a universal standard through a process that Adobe has developed to best interpret the data in your CR2 (or NEF, etc.) files.

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A .PSD file is a layered image file used in Adobe PhotoShop. PSD, which stands for Photoshop Document, is the default format that Photoshop uses for saving data. PSD is a proprietary file that allows the user to work with the images' individual layers even after the file has been saved.

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JPEG is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography. The degree of compression can be adjusted, allowing a selectable tradeoff between storage size and image quality.

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Tagged Image File Format, abbreviated TIFF or TIF, is a computer file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers.

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A diptych is any object with two flat plates attached at a hinge. For example, the standard notebook and school exercise book of the ancient world was a diptych consisting of a pair of such plates that contained a recessed space filled with wax.

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A triptych is a work of art that is divided into three sections, or three carved panels that are hinged together and can be folded shut or displayed open. It is therefore a type of polyptych, the term for all multi-panel works.

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a minute area of illumination on a display screen, one of many from which an image is composed.

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In photography, the golden hour is the period of daytime shortly after sunrise or before sunset, during which daylight is redder and softer than when the Sun is higher in the sky.

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The opposite period during twilight is blue hour, just before sunrise or after sunset, when indirect sunlight is evenly diffused.