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https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z8vdmp3/revision/1

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https://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/Oliver-Cromwell/476246

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https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell

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https://factsking.com/historical-people/oliver-cromwell-facts/

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https://kids.kiddle.co/Oliver_Cromwell

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Oliver Cromwell - Video - KS3 History - BBC Bitesize

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Learn and revise about Oliver Cromwell with BBC Bitesize KS3 History. Should he be seen as the Lord Protector of England or as a cruel harsh dictator?

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https://www.activityvillage.co.uk/charles-i

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/charles_i_king.shtml

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https://study.com/academy/lesson/king-charles-i-facts-lesson-for-kids.html

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https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=did+king+charles+banned+chrismas&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&hl=en-gb&client=safari

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Divine Right of Kings

Charles I came to the British throne in 1625. Like his father, James I, he believed in the "divine right of kings." This meant that kings were chosen by God, so their authority could not be challenged by anyone on Earth. When Parliament refused to grant many of Charles's demands for money, the king was furious.

Personal Rule

From 1629 to 1640 Charles I ruled without calling Parliament at all. During this period he made his subjects pay heavy taxes, which made them support Parliament even more. Some of the nobles also began to worry that Charles had found a way to run the country the way kings did in France and Spain at that time-with total power and without being bound by any laws. Charles even had his own court called the Star Chamber, which was run by men who did everything the king said. This court arrested and punished people without giving them a proper trial. In 1640 Charles called Parliament back into session, but the conflict between the two continued.

The Puritans

In England at this time was a group of strict Protestants known as Puritans. Although they were a minority, they had a great deal of influence and were becoming quite powerful. Most Puritans were well-educated and successful in business. They believed that God was on their side, and they openly criticized the king's policies. Many members of Parliament were Puritans.

The Country Divides

In 1633 Charles appointed William Laud as archbishop of Canterbury, an important leader of the Church of England. Both the king and Archbishop Laud wanted the clergy and bishops to be more powerful. In the 1630s most churches in England were plain and undecorated, and church services were simple. Laud introduced more music and ceremony. Priests were allowed to wear colored robes and churches were decorated. The traditions of the Church grew more like they had been when England was a Catholic country.

These changes, along with the fact that the king's wife was Catholic, made the Puritans suspicious that Charles was becoming too fond of the Catholic faith. The country began to divide into Royalists, who supported Charles, and Parliamentarians, who supported the Puritan members of Parliament. Generally, the nobles and landowners supported the king. The people living in towns and cities were on the side of Parliament.

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Divine Right of Kings Charles I came to the British throne in 1625. Like his father, James I, he believed in the "divine right of kings." This meant that kings were chosen by God, so their authority could not be challenged by anyone on Earth.

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http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/charles_i_king.shtml

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https://www.activityvillage.co.uk/charles-i

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Oliver Cromwell was born on the 25th April1599 and died for natural causes on the 3rd september1658 and his memorial is on the battle field of Naseby(where he battled Charles I on the 14th June 1644).

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His father is James the VI of Scotland and England.

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He fought 8 wars and his nickname was Old Noll

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He lost the war and was executed by Oliver Cromwell.

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He had warts and when he was painted the artists offered to hide them but he didn't want them to.

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He was born into the house of Stuart as the second son of king James VI of Scotland.

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his brother was Henry Fredrick prince of Wales.

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He married Henrietta maria

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he had ugly warts

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his parents were king James VI of Scotland and Anne of Denmark.

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he was born in Huntingdon on 25 April 1599

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he was baptised on 29 April 1599 at St John's Church

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During the Civil War he fought for Parliament.

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Charles came to the throne in 1625.

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Charles brought back old laws and taxes without the agreement of parliament.

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Oliver Cromwell

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One of the most unpopular kings in English history, Charles I, is remembered as a bad king, but lots of people in England thought he should stay king. About 400 years ago, his decisions led to the English Civil War, and eventually to Charles' death.

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He died at the age of 59.

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Oliver Cromwell became a military and political leader during the English Civil War.

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king charles was killed by Oliver Cromwell

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On the death of Elizabeth I in 1603 James became king of England and Ireland.

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He agreed to execute Charles I.

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AM

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Oliver Cromwell had lodes of warts

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He was a military leader.

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his nickname was old noll

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He became king because his older brother died.

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He married a Roman catholic.

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Cromwell was one of the signatories of Charles 1 death warrant in 1649

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Cromwell is buried in Westminster abbey ( died 3/9/1658)

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He had 9 children

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Charles 1 had a stammer and was a weak child

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He married Henrietta Maria of France, in 1625

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He was the son of James 1st

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People didn’t like his wife because she was Catholic

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His father was Robert Williams

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He had nine sons and three daughters

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He got married on the 1st of May 1625

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In 1625 he became king when his father died.

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Oliver cromwell is a controversial figure.

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Oliver Cromwell does not like any games or any music.

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Cromwell died from natural causes in 1658 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

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He supported Parliament against the King

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Charles believed strongly in the divine right of kings - that God gave him absolute power to rule as he thought fit.

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Charles I was king of England, Scotland and Ireland

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He was the second son of James VI of Scotland and Anne of Denmark.

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Cromwell became the leader of England in 1649

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Charles the 1 head was cut off with one clean blow. S.B

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I.U
He was the second son of James VI

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GW

Charles I was king of England, Scotland and Ireland, whose conflicts with parliament led to civil war and his eventual execution

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I.U Charles nickname was Old Noll

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Oliver Cromwells initials are O.C.   S.B

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I.U
Charles was born on 25th April 1599

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GW

Charles's reign began with an unpopular friendship with George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, who used his influence against the wishes of other nobility

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Charles believed strongly in the divine right of kings - that God gave him absolute power to rule as he thought fit. Parliament thought otherwise, and were particularly unhappy when Charles insisted on raising taxes without Parliamentary consent. His marriage to Henrietta Maria, a French princess and Roman Catholic, was unpopular with the strict Protestant parliamentarians (Puritans and Calvinists) and many believed that he was a Roman Catholic sympathiser. King and Parliament quarreled often and more aggressively until, in 1624, the two sides went into battle and the English Civil War began.

After many battles, Charles I was defeated in 1645 and imprisoned on the Isle of Wight. The other side was led by Oliver Cromwell, who commanded a well-trained "New Model Army" and had firm control of England. Charles was tried and convicted, and - to the dismay of the royal supporters - eventually executed for high treason in January 1649. The monarchy was abolished and the Commonwealth of England was established, led by Oliver Cromwell.

King Charles I was apparently very brave as he went to his execution. He said goodbye to his children at St James' Palace and was then escorted to Whitehall, where he uttered these last words:

"I go from a corruptible to an incorruptible Crown, where no disturbance can be."

Charles I Booklet

Charles I Booklet

Print and fold this little origami booklet (instructions here) and use it to store what you learn about King Charles I. We've got one for all the English monarchs!

Charles I Notebooking Page

Charles I Notebooking Page

Choose from two versions of our notebooking page for King Charles I,   RM

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From 1642, Charles fought the armies of the English and Scottish parliaments in the English Civil War. After his defeat in 1645, he surrendered to a Scottish force that eventually handed him over to the English Parliament.

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Oliver Cromwell agreed to exicut Charles

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GW

Unrest in Scotland - because Charles attempted to force a new prayer book on the country - put an end to his personal rule

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Oliver Cromwell is a controversial figure. Should he be seen as the Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland, who saved them from Charles’ tyranny or as a cruel and harsh dictator? LM

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Oliver Cromewell

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After his succession in 1625, Charles quarrelled with the Parliament of England, which sought to curb his royal prerogative. Charles believed in the divine right of kings, and was determined to govern according to his own conscience. Many of his subjects opposed his policies, in particular the levying of taxes without parliamentary consent, and perceived his actions as those of a tyrannical absolute monarch. His religious policies, coupled with his marriage to a Roman Catholic, generated antipathy and mistrust from Reformed religious groups such as the English Puritans and Scottish Covenanters, who thought his views were too Catholic.

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GW

The Royalists were defeated in 1645-1646 by a combination of parliament's alliance with the Scots and the formation of the New Model Army. In 1646, Charles surrendered to the Scots, who handed him over to parliament. He escaped to the Isle of Wight in 1647 and encouraged discontented Scots to invade. This 'Second Civil War' was over within a year with another royalist defeat by Parliamentarian general Oliver Cromwell. Convinced that there would never be peace while the king lived, a rump of radical MPs, including Cromwell, put him on trial for treason. He was found guilty and executed on 30 January 1649 outside the Banqueting House on Whitehall, London.

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King Charles I came to the throne in 1625 LM

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Oliver Cromwell was an English general and statesman who, first as a subordinate and later as Commander-in-Chief, led armies of the Parliament of England against King Charles I during the English Civil War, subsequently ruling the British Isles as Lord Protector from 1653 until his death in 1658.

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GW

The English Civil War was a series of battles fought between 1642 and 1651. On one side were supporters of the king (Charles I) and on the other were supporters of Parliament (led by Oliver Cromwell). The Civil War resulted in the execution of Charles followed by 11 years of a commonwealth, when England had no monarch. The monarchy was restored in 1660.

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Cromwell was a Puritan, who opposed Charles I, the King, in the Long Parliament (so called because of its eight year duration) that first met in 1640. During the Civil War he fought for Parliament. He thought that Parliamentary leaders did not do enough to try to defeat Charles I. LM

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By 1624, an increasingly ill James was finding it difficult to control Parliament. By the time of his death in March 1625, Charles and the Duke of Buckingham had already assumed de facto control of the kingdom.

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When Charles came onto the throne of England in 1625, he followed this belief and made a lot of people unhappy. LM

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This is the execution of King Charles I

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S.B

https://sites.google.com/site/charlesthefirst1600/biography

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GW

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A.D

He liked spending money on everything from artwork to music to wars.

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Charles believed strongly in the divine right of kings - that God gave him absolute power to rule as he thought fit. Parliament thought otherwise, and were particularly unhappy when Charles insisted on raising taxes without Parliamentary consent.

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S.B

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A poorly conceived and executed naval expedition against Spain under the leadership of Buckingham went badly, and the House of Commons began proceedings for the impeachment of the duke.

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GW

The second son of James I, he became heir apparent when his older brother Henry died in 1612. In 1625 he became king when his father died.

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Cromwell became the leader of England in 1649 by leading the New Model Army.