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"Krashen assesrts that there is a distinction between acquiring and learning a language" (Pg 66). He believes that a person can acquires a language by interacting and using the language under informal interactions where their is not a intensive dedication on learning gramatical rules. A person only learns the language when their is a conscious willing to understand the rules that govern the new language.

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"Kashen proposes that the formal study of language leads to the development of an internal grammar editor or monitor" (Pg 66). He states that a student uses this "monitor" when three conditions are met: sufficient time, and focus on grammar, and explicit knowledge of the rules. He recommends that language learning should be concentrated on the acquisition of the second language instead of concentrating on learning gramatical rules.

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"According to the natural order hypothesis, language learners acquire the rules of a language in a predictable sequence" (Pg. 67). This is the idea that second language acquired certain gramatical concepts early that ir indispensable to the acquisition of more complex concepts.

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"According to the input hypothesis, second language acquisition is the direct results of learners' understating the target language in natural communication situations. Krashen states in this hypothesis that is important to consider the quality of the information provided to the second language learners. Teachers need to provide information that is comprehensible to the student's current language knowledge but contains a level of difficulty that would build on the already obtained knowledge.

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"Krashen concludes that the most important affective variables favoring second language acquisition are a low-anxiety learning environment, student motivation to learn the language, self-confidence, and self-esteem" (Pg. 67). Krashen takes into consideration on this hypothesis the importance of the environmental and situational factors that can influence the performance of acquiring the second language. He considered that acquisition has to happen in an informal and fluid manner. Low self-esteem or anxiety can become obstacles for this to happen.

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The behaviorist theory is based on the psychological and philosophical ideology of behaviorism. A theory that emphasizes the importance of positive and negative stimulus to create or reinforce a strong foundation on action that can eventually become a habit.

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In the book, Reading, Writing, and Learning in ESL ,states that "Behaviorists hypothesized that children learned their first language through stimulus, response, and reinforcement as well, postulating imitation and association as essential processes" (Pg. 60-61).

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By BlueSofaMedia

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Noam Chomsky had a strong position against the behaviorist theory. He argued that the theory was not able to explain how children are able to produce novel utterances when speaking. He concluded that language acquisition could only be obtained by a complex and biological system that help us to explore and sort grammatical components of a new language. Chomsky named this system as the Language Acquisition Device (LAD).

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In the book, Reading, Writing, and Learning in ESL ,states that "Infants must come into this world "prewired for lingustic analysis." Specifically, Chomsky claimed that infants universally posses an innate "grammar template," or universal grammar, which will allow them to select the many grammatical rules of the language they hear spoken around them" (Pg. 61).

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By BBC Radio 4

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This theory explores the concept of learning a first language (L1) through the social concept of

Interaction-ism. The idea that human behaviors and habits are reinforced or destroyed by interacting with other humans. Interactionist believe that caregivers have a primordial role on the acquisition of the first language. They carry the load of providing assistance on expanding children's vocabulary at early stages and the development of their grammatical rules. Caregivers are able to do so by having Scaffolded Conversations with their children. Also, it states that children are also an important part of the process. They use their interactions with the world to explore and understand the grammatical components of the language and understand the meaning of a word can change depending of the context.

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In the book, Reading, Writing, and Learning in ESL ,states that "Caregivers play a critical role in adjusting language to facilitate the use of innate capacities of language acquisition" (Pg 62).

Also, the book informes that "Children are constantly constructing meaning as they interact with people and the world..., through these interactions, they gradually sort out the nuances and multiple meanings of words and phrases" (Pg. 63).

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Behaviorist Language acquisition has influenced tremendously how people learn a second language. One of the methods that until today is being use is the audiolingual method where pre-recorded dialogues are presented to children, so they can memorize the structures of the conversation. Then, they are placed on pattern drills for practice. Behaviorists believe that this method helps the acquisition of a new language by imitation, repetition and reinforcement. errors need to be corrected immediately, so they do not become a hard habit to remove on later stages.

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In the book, Reading, Writing, and Learning in ESL ,states that "for behaviorists, the processes involved in second or foreign language learning consisted of immitation, repetition, and reinforcement of grammatical structures. Erros were to be corrected immediately to avoid forming bad habits" (Pg. 65).

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Behaviorist Theory of Second Language Acquisition

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Behaviorist Theory of Second Language Acquisition

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By Sharon

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Behaviorist Theory of Second Language Acquisition

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Chomsky's theory influenced how second language students where taught. This led to the creation of the creative construction theory. According to Dulay and Burt, the theory states that children acquisition of a second language depends on how similar or different is from the first language. They can use this theory to predict or anticipate possible conflicts to learn the new language. Also, Dulay and Burt concluded that that second language acquisition is similar, though not identical, to first language acquisition.

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Innatist Perspective - Teaching Theories

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Innatist Perspective - Teaching Theories

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By Viridis City

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Innatist Perspective - Teaching Theories

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In the book, Reading, Writing, and Learning in ESL states that "Dulay and Burt found that most English language learner errors were best described as similar to errors made by children acquiring English as a first language" (Pg. 66).