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s an image sensor format approximately equivalent in size to the Advanced Photo System "classic"

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The APS format that has a wide angle aspect ratio. See Advanced Photo System and crop factor.

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camera uses a sensor that's the same size as a single frame

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is a sensor that detects and conveys information used to make an image.

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is the ratio of a camera sensor's size to a 35mm film frame.

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s a common optical problem that occurs when a lens is either unable to bring all wavelengths of color

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Posterization or pasteurization of an image entails conversion of a continuous gradation of tone to several regions of fewer tones

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is an effect that causes different signals to become indistinguishable when sampled

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A compression artifact is a noticeable distortion of media caused by the application of lossy compression.

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This effect causes the image to spheres, which means that the edges of the photo look curved and bowed to the human eye.

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usually consists of eight bits. Amounts of computer memory are often expressed in terms of megabytes

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a unit of measurement used to describe the size of a digital file.

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A megabyte is 10⁶ or 1,000,000 bytes. One megabyte (abbreviated "MB") is equal to 1,000 kilobytes and precedes the gigabyte unit of measurement.

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pronounced with two hard Gs -- is a unit of data storage capacity that is roughly equivalent to 1 billion bytes.

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is a measure of computer storage capacity that is approximately 2 to the 40th power, or 10 to the 12th power, which equals approximately a trillion bytes.

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a style of painting and sculpture developed in the early 20th century,

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In visual arts, music, and other mediums, minimalism is an art movement

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The movement presented a challenge to traditions of fine art by including imagery from popular and mass culture

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Usually it refers to a movement in the arts, like Dadaism, or in politics, like anarchism. Avant-garde can also be used as an adjective to describe something that's cutting-edge.

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Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the early 1920s, and is best known for its visual artworks and writings.

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The light shines through the grid and creates a tight beam of light.

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A beauty dish is a different kind of light modification device because it doesn't diffuse light.

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is a tube or similar object that fits over a studio light or portable flash

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They are used either to diffuse light by reflective diffusion, or shoot-through diffusion.

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A soft box is a type of photographic lighting device, one of a number of photographic soft light devices.

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A monolight is a self-contained photographic flash lighting unit usually found in a studio.

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Like a print on paper, it is viewed by reflected light.

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This way an image can be put on textiles, cups, glass and many other surfaces

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is an intaglio printmaking or photo-mechanical process whereby a copper plate is grained and then coated with a light-sensitive gelatin

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s a photographic printing process that produces a cyan-blue print.

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process of attempts and errors, in which “only one in every five prints is successful”.

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is a technique that produces a sense of drama to a portrait.

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is a portrait lighting pattern where the subject is lit from about 45 degrees in front of them and above.

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is a lighting technique that is used in studio portrait photography.

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is a portrait lighting pattern where the key light is placed above and directly centered with a subject's face.

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is a portrait lighting pattern where the portion of the subject's face that is turned toward the camera is lit most brightly.

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is a classic portrait lighting pattern where the subject is lit from the side of their face that is farthest from the camera.