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"This is when a child's mind is most pliable, when we can mold it as we wish. And when we do so, its basic nature is set for life" (Crain P. 8).

Locke believed that humans were born with a blank slate. He said that children learned through imitation, repetition and reward and punishment. "We engage in behavior that brings praise, compliments, and other rewards; we refrain from those actions that produce unpleasant consequences (Crain P 8).

Locke also thought that there was a correlation between a person's health and their mind.  He wanted children to get plenty of exercise to help create a strong mind.  When to body is sick and weak, the mind is as well.

Crain, W. (n.d.). Theories   of Development Sixth Edition. New York, NY: Routledge.

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"No one bothered to study, for example, the infant's developing speech or motor development; and when artists included children in their paintings, they depicted even newborns as miniature adults" (Crain P. 4).

During the middle ages, many people thought of children as little human beings.  By 6 or 7 years old they were already learning different manual trades and working with adults and bring around them day in and day out. That did not change until after the 1500's when more jobs became available but needed an education to be able to able to have access to those careers, such a doctors and lawyers.  Only then did it start to change and people realized that they would need access to academics.

At that point, parents started keeping their kids at home until they were at least 12 years old. "The child was less seen as a little adults and more as a future child (Crain P 6)"

Crain, W. (n.d.). Theories   of Development Sixth Edition. New York, NY: Routledge.

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"So, instead of rushing in to teach children to think in the "correct" ways, we should allow them to perfect their own capacities and to learn in their own ways, as nature intends" (Crain P 13).

Rousseau believed in, "nature" as being the the guiding light for children. He believed that we should allow children to learn on their own and grow into the person they were meant to be. He believed that nature would guide a child's development through stages throughout their lives.

Crain, W. (n.d.). Theories   of Development Sixth Edition. New York, NY: Routledge.