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For 500 years, Ancient Rome was governed by the Roman Republic. This government allowed citizens to vote to elect officials. It was a government with laws, a constitution, and elected officials such as senators and consuls. People were treated differently based on their gender, citizenship, and wealth. Women did not get the hold office or the right to vote . Also, if you had a lot more money, you would get more power to vote. Many of the structures and ideas of this government created other democracies like our government today.
Sources
1. "World History Medieval to Early Modern Times" history book
2. https://www.ducksters.com/history/ancient_rome_republic.php

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The ancient Roman republic had three branches of government. The legislative branch was the Senate, a group made up of 300 citizens from Rome's first class, which is wealthiest families of Rome. The Senate was the most important branch of the Roman republic. The executive branch was made up of two consuls and were elected different every year. These two consuls were basically presidents in our time. Praetors, or the assembly, were part of the judicial branch, they were elected yearly by the people of Rome, and acted as judges.
Sources
1. "World History Medieval to Early Modern Times" history book
2. https://www.penfield.edu/webpages/jgiotto/onlinetextbook.cfm?subpage=1666288

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Romans made mosaics and decorated them on the floors of Roman buildings. Most of the mosaics that the Romans did were captured scenes of their everyday lives. If a Roman had a mosaic, that meant they were wealthy and were important. They used mortar, a type of cement, to glue the mosaics. The mosaics were made up of thousands of pieces to make a pattern or patterns. To get special colors, Roman mosaic artists used imported stones and glass. Today we use mosaics for a lot of things like to decorate the floor of your pool.
Sources
1. http://www.primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/romans/mosaics.html
2. http://blogs.getty.edu/iris/a-brief-introduction-to-roman-mosaics/

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In Rome, the laws were written down and were a public display. These written laws were to protect Romans from unfair treatment. Officials had to treat everyone fair, because of these laws.The laws protected the rights of the people. The praetor enforced these laws. The Twelve Tables were made on stone tablets on 450 B.C. These laws impacted in our lives today because today we have laws to protect our American Citizens.
Sources
1."World History Medieval to Early Modern Times" history book
2. https://www.ducksters.com/history/ancient_rome/roman_law.php
3. https://cnusd-my.sharepoint.com/:w:/r/personal/306905_students_cnusd_k12_ca_us/_layouts/15/Doc.aspx?sourcedoc=%7B74F1DF3B-E1AD-48AA-87DD-2C4E97BB0E3C%7D&file=Republic%20Article%20in%20Template.docx&action=default&mobileredirect=true

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Romans made lifelike portraits as art. In Roman portraiture, artists put physical traits like double chins, thinning hair, and crooked noses to make one person look different from the other. Romans made murals of many important people in their lives. There are two types of murals; pagan and Early Christian. Romans also made mummy portraits. We see lifelike portraits in art museums made by artists that were inspired, today.
Sources
1. "World History Medieval to Early Modern Times" history book
2. http://www.scholastic.com/browse/article.jsp?id=3753873
3. http://www.essential-humanities.net/western-art/painting/roman/

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Realistic sculptures were influenced by the Etruscan and the Greeks. The traditional sculptures were divided into 5 categories, funerary reliefs, copies of ancient Greek works, sarcophagi, historical relief, and portraiture. They would portray their emperors, generals, gods, and senators. We today see artists make statues of hero's and sculptures of important people like the lady of liberty. People also make ice sculptures.
Sources
1. http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/antiquity/roman-sculpture.htm#portraits
2. http://www.crystalinks.com/romeart.html
3. "World History Medieval to Early Modern Times" history book
4. http://www.scholastic.com/browse/article.jsp?id=3753873

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The Romans built arches to carry weight of their structures and because they liked open spaces. They would put arches on their amphitheaters, sewers, aqueducts, bridges, and more. Most of the Roman arches were made out of bricks and stones. We see arches in our important buildings like state, capital, and government building.
Sources
1. "World History Medieval to Early Modern Times" history book
2. http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/roman-architecture/roman-arches.htm

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The Roman architects built domes in many of their buildings. The Romans used domes for strength and protection. The Romans were the ones to fully realize the potentialities of domes. They developed building domes on there famous building, The Pantheon in 125 A.D. They would also put a hole on the top of the domes to see where the sunlight hits and could tell what time of the day it was. We still use domes today in all of our important government, state, and capital buildings.
Sources
1. "World History Medieval to Early Modern Times" history book
2. https://sites.google.com/site/furerplox/re/domespokeballsliterally

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The Roman architects were always building columns in there buildings because they liked open spaces. They also liked there building to look majestic and elegant. Like arches,  the Romans used columns to control the weight of the building. This made an impact to our world today because we use columns in most of our government, capital, and state buildings.
Sources
1. http://www.tribunesandtriumphs.org/roman-architecture/roman-columns.htm
2. "World History Medieval to Early Modern Times" history book

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The Romans made bridges that were built across big and long rivers. This helped the Romans cross long river without having to walk into it. The bridges were also built with arches to control the weight of the stones and made the bridges durable. Today, we use bridges to drive and walk over water.
Sources
1. https://www.britannica.com/technology/bridge-engineering/Roman-arch-bridges
2. "World History Medieval to Early Modern Times" history book

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The Romans built durable roads to mark their paths. They also made roads to trade goods, to communicate, and to move armies. The first layer of the roads were dry earth or compacted sand, then crushed rocks, then gravel in cement mortar, then gravel, cement, and sand, and lastly, large stone slabs. The Roman roads impacted on our world today because we use roads to transport from a location to a destination. We use cars to go on the roads.
Sources
1."World History Medieval to Early Modern Times" history book
2. http://www.crystalinks.com/romeroads.html

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The Romans built aqueducts to carry water from the mountains to Rome. Aqueducts were basically bridges the transported water into cities and helped the Romans get water for bathing, drinking, and to wash things. Aqueducts were built with arches to control the weight of the water. Today, we still use aqueducts to move water to California from big, important water  sources like the Colorado River. We wouldn't have any water in California if it weren't for aqueducts.
Sources
1. "World History Medieval to Early Modern Times" history book
2.http://www.crystalinks.com/romeaqueducts.html