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Name: Carlos Miguel Vergel

Course: Qualitative and Quantitative Research

Tutor: Milly Muñoz

Date: June 30, 2018

The theory that I will use is the Founded Theory, which allows that each new observation can potentially lead to a new bond, the process never really ends, and it only stops when the researcher decides to conclude his study. It was developed by Glaser Strauss, and was used to study the identification of basic social processes as a central point of the theory. This theory indicates that if the methodology is used properly, it meets all the criteria to be considered rigorous as scientific research. As applied to my study, this theory holds that I would expect my independent variables to influence or explain the dependent variables. All this is applied to the topic: MAIN BIO PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS THAT INTERVENE IN THE SUICIDE SUBJECT IN COLOMBIA DURING THE YEAR 2009

Theoretical perspective

Of all the current information analyzed, the most present in the speech has been that in most cases of completed suicide (95%) there was some type of mental pathology (Bobes and Giner, 2009). In this sense, Durkheim had refuted any type of hypothesis on the causes of suicide by madness, discarding of its definition of suicide the committed ones by affected of some type of mental illness, for not being conscious of their facts. It is possible to re-analyze the causal relationships of mental illnesses with the phenomenon of suicide. Perhaps for his time, Durkheim did not have enough references in the field of knowledge about mental illness because, at that time, little was known about them. And is that today, about mental disorders, there is a great variety that must be placed, for operationalization in our research, in a gradient that goes from the pathologies of everyday life.

95% of completed suicides there is a mental pathology (Bobes and Giner, 2011), while maintaining the hypothesis that the phenomenon of suicide is social in nature, our hypothesis is that whatever the cause - or causes (multicausality) - social , before the individual ends up committing suicide, he or she must have experienced some type of mental disorder or affectivity (effect of a cause - or several causes - social) and that such disorders must have been able to be observed in the variations of his behavior or personality.

Suicide is a complex phenomenon that includes biological, psychological, sociological, philosophical, moral components ... The suicidal act that the WHO identified in 1970 as a major problem of Public Health, has always been linked to humanity and its customs. Suicide (from Latin, etymology Sui: itself and caedere: matar) is a transcultural and universal human event, which has been present in all eras since the origin of humanity. It has been punished and persecuted in some periods and in others it has been tolerated, keeping the different societies highly variable attitudes according to their philosophical, religious and intellectual principles (Bobes Garcia, González Seijo and Saiz Martinez, 1997).

Durkheim is the first author to make a definition of suicide in a way that limits the suicidal behavior of others in which death also results. For this, it includes the characteristics of intentional purpose and self-provocation. It also defines the suicide attempt as a material failure of such intentionality. This definition of Durkheim is one of the most cited on the subject of suicide: "all death that results, immediately or immediately, from an act, positive or negative, performed by the victim herself, knowing that she should produce that result. The attempt is the same act that we have defined, stopped in its path, before it results in death "'

METHODOLOGY

A quantitative and descriptive research was carried out, with information from the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, at a national level. The rates were calculated with the DANE population growth projections in Colombia.

References

Creswell, J. (2014). Three Components Involved in an Approach. In Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed., pp. 34-52). California: SAGE Publications, Inc. Retrieved from https://drive.google.com/file/d/1t0YblviUz_bHNXbKcuW9gC54LM8ANamJ/view?usp=sharing

Huerga L., C.; Ocio León, S. (2009). Suicidio factores de riesgo. Interpsiquis. http:/www. psiquiatria.com

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Socio-cultural Factors in Second Language Learning: A Case Study of Adventurous Adult Language Learners
https://soundcloud.com/klonoa-330280497/quantitative-theoretical-perspective

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The case for nature and nurture

Name: Narciso Albeiro Escobar

Course: Qualitative and Quantitative Research
Tutor: Milly Muñoz

Date: June 14th, 2018

Theoretical Perspective

The theory that I will use is is  Contemporary research on parenting. It was developed by  Collins, W. A., Maccoby, E. E., Steinberg, L., Hetherington, E. M., & Bornstein, M. H. (2000),  and it was used to study the case for nature and nurture. American Psychologist, 55(2), 218-232.  This theory indicates that according to devastating impact that children around the world are suffering because of the violence in their homes makes them, in their adult age, act as they did in childhood due to their lived problems and transmit them to their new generation. it is a chain that must be cut from the root. The devastating impact of violence affects the child for the rest of his life, with serious consequences for the physical, psychological and mental health of the child. Without adequate support and attention, violence and trauma can have long-term effects on the development and future life of a child.   As applied to my study, this theory holds that I would expect my independent variable(s) that children who have experienced violence are also more likely to perpetuate the cycle of violence, transmitting patterns of violence to their peers or to future generations. Therefore, ending violence against children is not only important for the rights of each child, but also for healthy communities and societies.  In Skinner's behavioral perspective theory, the boy and the girl the behavior is affected, it is atrophied and altered by his experience in his environment. According to Piaget (1929) the child's cognitive development is atrophied by bad experience in his social and family environment to influence or explain the dependent variable(s) when the interaction and sociocultural perspective of the boy and girl in the development of language knowledge, acquire knowledge through their environment that surrounds them and if this is an aggressive, violent environment that is what they learn because the behavioral perspective emphasizes the role of "nurturing" their learning and this occurs based on stimuli, responses and reinforcements that occur in the environment. the child what he learns is to be violent with the people of his environment that surrounds him, to those situations of experience in the environment that is found. These approaches indicate that parental influences on child development are not as unequivocal as previous researchers suggested not as substantial as current critics claim.

REFERENCES

Creswell, J. (2014). Three Components Involved in an Approach. In Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed., pp. 34-52). California: SAGE Publications, Inc. Retrieved from https://drive.google.com/file/d/1t0YblviUz_bHNXbKcuW9gC54LM8ANamJ/view?usp=sharing

Valadez Jr, J. (2011). Theoretical Perspectives. Theoretical Perspectives. MindMeister. Educación. Retrieved from: https://www.mindmeister.com/es/117563863/theoretical-perspectives

Jean Piaget . (2001). Cognitive Precursors to Language. Handout for Psy 598-02. PDF. Retrieved from: https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=11&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjPwvSr1ojcAhWHm1kKHd_jCGIQFghhMAo&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mathcs.duq.edu%2F~packer%2FCourses%2FPsy598%2FPrecursors%2C%2520Cognitive.pdf&usg=AOvVaw3NwEYIcPPDWFu_X81-zkKq

Collins, W. Andrew,Maccoby…(2000). Contemporary research on parenting: The case for nature and nurture. American Psychological Association. Retrieved from: http://psycnet.apa.org/record/2000-13816-002

Devastating impact of violence. SOS Children’s Villages International. (2016). Retrieved from:  https://www.sos-childrensvillages.org/end-violence-overview

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The Bull Ying and Scholar Violence

Name: Andrés Mauricio Quintero Pabón

Course: Qualitative and Quantitative Research

Tutor: Milly Muñoz

Date: July 05th, 2018

Theoretical Perspective

The theory that I will use is The Bull Ying and Scholar Violence according to (Olweus, 1978; 1991; Smith y Thompson, 1991) is subset of aggressive conduct which there’s an imbalance of power and the aggressive act is repeated all the time, It was developed by Dan Olweus he is the psychologist who have more years studying the phenomenon of the Bullying; the first term that was used  was Mobbing, it was used in the first researches made in the 70’s in the north of Europe, doing reference to the collective attack undertaken by a group of animals against another animal of a different species frequently bigger and considered a natural enemy from the group (Lorenz, 1963) and it was used to study the aggressive conduct of people specially scholars which have familiar and/or inner problems that looks to calm dawn attacking the ones who looks more defenseless. This theory indicates that The Bullying is a type of violence, that behavior of physic or psychologist persecution by one or more scholars to another, which they choose as victim of repeated attacks intentionally Piñuel and Oñate (2).  As applied to my study, this theory holds that I would expect my independent variable(s) the increasing of the trauma of the abuse (Bullying) makes that children and teenagers go further more with their actions, using words even more sharp, attacking even harder, causing the stalker takes more confidence on his actions and the attacks trigger that the victim have negative thoughts.

To influence or explain the dependent variable(s) the child psychological abuse provoke a low level of learning, bad grades, lack of interest for the things they used to like, insecurity about themselves, low self-esteem bad socializing, lack of concentration and depression; the abuse in kids and teenagers trigger that children find a way to deal with that problematic which they are passing through, such cut the veins, get away from the world, spend more time on internet and in the worst of the cases commit suicide. Because the relationship maintained between parents and children influence regarding the attitude that children takes in school or out of it (Collins, Maccoby, Steinberg, Hetherington, and Bornstein, 2001; this problematic comes principally from children homes, which there are strong family tensions, little affection, families mono parental, because their parents have gone through a separation. The economic problems are a factor that generates this type of behavior in children, since that makes them to feel like they are less or they are more than the others, generates that students have thoughts of how getting money easily, causing violent acts, that’s why the relationship that parents maintain with their children is fundamental in the education that they receive. (Aguilar, 2002).

References

Piedad Acosta Ruiz, (2014). Teoría epistemológica del bullying: fundamentación teórica (2a parte). Recuperado de Revista Vinculando: http://vinculando.org/psicologia_psicoterapia/teoria-epistemologica-del-bullying-fundamentacion-teorica-2a-parte.html

Álvarez, R. J y Gras, R. (2005). Entrevista a Dan Olweus. “El Mundo de Baleares” de 19 octubre 2005. Retrieved from: https://aufop.blogspot.com/2012/11/el-bullying-y-sus-raices-jose-emilio.html

Ortega, R., Del Rey, R. y Mora-Merchán, J. A. (2001). Violencia entre escolares. Conceptos y etiquetas verbales que definen el fenómeno del maltrato entre iguales. Revista Interuniversitaria de Formación del Profesorado, 41, 95-113. Retrieved from: http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/274/27404107.pdf