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Organs that sense threats send signals through nerves to the brain.
Hiding-
Some animals use hiding as a defense mechanism to outsmart the predator. Hiding is a way an animal can respond and survive a threat.
Fighting-
Fighting can be a defense mechanism.
Fighting is the act of displaying or engaging in violence or combat. Some animals might use this defense mechanism to defend itself or others.
Freezing-
Some animals freeze when being attacked as a last resort. It is similar to "playing dead".

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Defensive behavior is an adaptation because animals have to adapt to new predators. As animals migrate, they are introduced with new predators. They must find new defense mechanisms that are effective on the new predators. That is how defensive behavior is adaptive.

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Octopi release a black dye when they feel threatened. It distracts their predator and allows the octopi to get away.

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"Research on Social Behavior." (2018). Noldus. Retrieved from http://www.noldus.com/animal-behavior-research/solutions/research-farm-animals/social-interaction-and-hierarchy-system

Young, S. (2008). The neurobiology

of human social behaviour: an important but neglected topic. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2527715/

"Defensive Behavior." (n.d.). Fear In The Wild. Retrieved from http://www.fearexhibit.org/wild/defensive_behavior

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There are many benefits to social behavior for living things. Living things can learn from each other. They can learn ways to survive more effectively and a better way to carry out tasks. Also, studies have shown that animals that are isolated from each  other, don't perform as well or are as healthy as animals not isolated from each other. Social behavior for living things is extremely important. The well being of organisms is partially dependent on their sociability and ability to adapt.

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Chameleons can camouflage with their surroundings. They use this adaptation to hide from their predators.