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National Geographic has told me many things, and I’m here to write what I have learned about one subject of what I have learned.

What makes people feel good or bad? Researchers say that how our brains work can affect how we feel about other people. Empathy can help us to know how good we are to other people, but not everyone has empathy for other people.

Empathy is kindness to other people’s feelings. If you lack empathy, you won’t care for other people as much as people who do care a lot and you will be selfish (you might not feel as empathic to some). Empathy helps us to be more social with others and without empathy humans won’t be a kind of social animal and society won’t work.

But does that mean empathy comes from the genes, or the environment and lifestyle you live in? Both your nature and nurture have an effect. Studies of the brain shows that cruel-unemotional traits, showed by younger kids and teenagers, are mainly from the genes they inherit from their parents. Yet in a study of seeing 561 children born from parents of anti-social behaviors, researchers found something they didn’t expect. The children who are adopted into an entirely differently, more sociable kind of life-style, they are much more likely to show the behaviors they grew up with, but with harder effort. So children born with genes that make themselves harder with empathizing other people will just have a harder time fitting into different environments.

People, who are very empathic, like the small percentage of people who will risk their lives to save other people as well as strangers, are better at telling or understanding emotions in the faces of other people. But people who spend their lives in cities or having a less interesting life, have a lot less understanding of other people.

For an example, a mother named Ashley Aldridge has finished feeding her two children while having a clear view of the railroad crossing about seventy meters away. She then saw an old man on a wheelchair, about the time when she just finished feeding lunch two her two children. The children are about the age of one and three, and then she started washing dishes. When looking up, she just noticed that old man’s wheelchair wasn’t moving; it was stuck on the tracks. The old man was yelling for help but no one was stopping to help him or even taking any notice about him.

Aldridge hurried to ask her neighbor to look after her children so she could go and help. And when she managed to reach the old man she heard the train coming nearer and closer. She tried to get the stranger with his wheelchair too, but failed to do that but got only the person out. The train smashed the wheelchair into lots of petite pieces, carrying bits of steel and plastic. The man Aldridge saved that day on September 2015 was a complete stranger- showing that she is different from the many.

Researchers once thought young kids don’t have empathy (mostly) to other people’s comfort or happiness. Most people thinks the same mostly seen by a babies tantrum. But recently people found out that babies do feel empathy even before reaching their first birthday! A psychologist, as well as some of her classmates, at Hebrew university of Jerusalem tested young babies’ behavior as they see their own mother pretending to get hurt. Even being less than six months of age, the children responded to their mother, their faces showing concern or worry. Some also even made caring gestures like touching and leaning closer. Young kids (one or two years old) can understand facial expressions.

That’s not true for all children, though. When the children start their second year of life, researchers call them “active disregard” for others. If they witness someone who had hurt themselves (not majorly), these kids would kind of laugh at them or even say; ‘You’re fine’ or ‘you should be more careful’ – saying it in a kind of voice that you don’t really care.

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Africa’s Tech Evolution

National Geographic has told me many things, and I’m here to write what I have learned about one subject of what I have learned.

Africa is a large but not highly-developed continent, especially some areas where is deserted from the rest of the world. Fortunately, Africa is catching up with the rest of the world even other than technology. Africans are getting less poor and more people are escaping poverty and starvation. Africa is getting better in many more ways and I’m writing about the development of Africa.

Billions of people around the world have access to the internet ever since the World Wide Web came out in 1991. So even if Africa has developing very fast, in many parts of Africa, mainly in the rural areas, people still cannot use the internet. Africa is twenty years behind the U.S. and only twenty-two percent is able to use the internet. Fortunately, the people who do have access to the internet use it for improving the life in Africa, rather than using it for playing games.

The people’s desire to teach their children about technology made a number of Samburu people to a classroom. They, and their families, are learning and understanding about computers and phone which are connected to the Internet. These phones, designed to be made tough and as cheap as possible, use the internet through a satellite and come down-loaded with educational apps and programs. Technology is now started to be taught to the isolated places of Africa, mostly bought as expensive (to the African people) Phones.

Education on technology is improving, now people now more than how phones and computer works, coding is also being taught. Young women learns to code at an event in Uganda, a non-profit organization event that started all the way in Finland wants to teach people about technology and learning how to create and improve their websites from scratch. These people are now inventing more ways to get what they want to improve their life. Another example is the goal of Fundi Bots; Fundi Bots is company in Uganda (in Kampala) that creates simple electronic kits to help and encourage students to learn about how mechanics and electronics.

Better paying work is now possible from the help of Africa’s new tech innovation:

SafeMotos, a company that aims to help people find safe motorcycle drivers, is now transforming the way people use transportations, starting in Rwanda. Peter Kariuki, who taught all-by-himself to code from a young age, hopes this will help people finding jobs and get a good work. SafeMotos now have more than four-hundred motorcycle-taxi drivers working for them, all of which having a good amount of salary.

An online banking system made it possible for Eunice Njoroge to make a small family farm using FarmDrive, a mobile phone app that gives out loans for farms. She was able to persuade the bank that she was able to get repay her loans back. Peris Bosire, one of the founders of FarmDrive shows how to use the most from the app. Njoroge was able to repay all the loans to the online banking system, and can get enough money for surviving.

The new technology that is spreading throughout Africa is helping Africans buying food, clothes, and other things online, cheaper! They even specialized to do things you wouldn’t think it will do, like an app called iCow, which helps people manage the cattle population when herding. But, the limited amount of electronics in Africa actually helps ingenuity. “When you and I need something, we go on Amazon. In the village, they have to invent it”.

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THIS IS ABOUT THE VIKINGS I LEARNED IN THIS SPECIFIC BOOK;

The first things I learned from this book is that they existed from the ninths century to the late tenths century.  The more crucial information is that they do any means on getting treasure like (unlike pirates) conquering and raiding lands near the shore.  Even though they’re brutal, one of the means of obtaining jewelry and artifacts were by trading with further places (By further places I mean, some Vikings sail past Europe and trade amongst Russia, Egypt and other diverse cities).  Their homeland is Scandinavia, and like I have said before, they raid mostly within Europe and barely anywhere else.

Then I learn the designs of their ships and buildings, armor swords, including which cities they master. Nearly all their construction were made of wood, but ships were more complicated as it’s there’re mainly skill with them with large stones placed inside the hull for better balance and large sails – sadly their ships weren’t as ferocious and large as the pirates, but Viking brings large number of boats to battle.

Then there’s more, soon Vikings managed to find out about the north of America and start plundering their lands too, but it is told that some lost Viking were the one to discover this new continent for the Vikings.

THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN VIKINGS AND PIRATES:

I learned these differences as the more I read, some I already know.

·        Vikings live on land and travel on boats, while pirates are criminals that spend their life travelling on boats.

·        Vikings raid places and take their loot, but pirate’s wrecks and bomb other boats for their loot.

·        Vikings lives in cities, working together in a colony, but pirates are an independent gangs working with themselves.

·        The time when Viking existed is hundreds of years earlier than pirates came along.

·        Each Vikings boats are small but in large number, for they are a colony, but one gang of pirates have one of two massive ships.

·        Vikings uses loot to trade amongst other parts of the world for what they want, but pirates’ steals loot and keep it all to themselves.

·        Vikings fight with swords and shields because they fight like that, but pirates have guns and cannons that slowly sinks ships.

·        Vikings don’t like thievery, they raid first then take them, but if pirates have a chance to steal, they steal.

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I am writing about the immigrants that are reshaping Europe. All this information that I got is from the national geographic book called THE NEW EUROPEANS.

This book tells us how Germany holds the most immigrants, whom escaped the war, in all of Europe. They welcome them with open arms, invest money for their future but has the biggest struggle on conflicting culture. And in August 2015, the number of refugees was cumbering the growth of population.

OVER A TOTAL OF A MILLION REFUGEES ARRIVED TO GERMANY AT THE END OF 2015!

Seventy-one people (refugees) laid dead the same year, lock in some shelter somewhere near Dresden. Not just that, Neo-Nazi madmen also attacked police whom where ordered for investigation. The German Chancellor did something to show her support for the refugees.

21 MILLION IMMIGRANTS (in the whole world) WERE FORCED OUT OF THEIR BIRTH COUNTRY!

Scientists are also certain that climate change increased the number, because frequent droughts and rising seas accompanied with lack of food certainly force population to leave their homeland. About 80% of deaths (from hunger and droughts) occurred in Africa!

HAMBURG HAD TO ACCOMMODATE 35,000 REFUGEES LAST YEAR, HALF AS MANY AS THE U.S. TAKES FROM THE WORLD

Germans have a word that might, soon, be true; Überfremdung, or overforeignization. It’s the fear that home will become unrecognizable, because there are too many strangers in it talking in different language and behaving strangely. And too many asylums that makes it feel unnatural.

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Could maybe human live on mars? One day perhaps, but let’s just say; what if I was invited experience mars for a whole year, should I, or not… these are my personal reasons about why I go there and why I shouldn’t.

Personally, If can choose between going or not, I would try for a maximum of one week. Why? Well it wouldn’t be comfortable and nice at all for a tourist since there’s a harsh enviorment, even more for a worker.

But I can’t deny that experiencing something humans could never have done before would be special, so I would go.

But this is covering what is essential to travel to Mars; FOOD, WATER, SHELTER, POWER and OXYGEN.

INDOOR LIVING AREA; SHELTER

1.     The indoor living-area would definetly be high-tech, giving no harsh feeling or any headaches since it would be built to keep in pressure perfect for our needs. Plus it wouldn’t be as hot than Mars true-temperature since it could be only in empty lava-tubes that wards off UV radiation a imensly strong sunlit. Lava tubes are tubes that were once filled with lava but had been cooled down after millions of years – best place ever for habitating in Mars.

MARTIAN GREENHOUSES; FOOD

2.     The soil in Mars contains extremely high number of nutrients that have been left with no-use, but can be very good for growing plants in a martian-greanhouse. But the problem is that there’s no water on the surface and barely any nitrogen in the air(Only 1.89.percent)! Currently, it is impossible to try growing for a long time because we don’t have enough water, but one day it is possible to find more ways to collect a sufficient amount of water.

UNDERGROUND WATER; WATER

3.     Scientists are extremely sure (so close that it’s nearly fact) that there are frozen water hidden deep, deep down underground due to what happened to mars throughout millions of years ago. Humans could somehow collect water, and once humans gets the ice, they warm it down to plain water, sutable for life like us. This would mean that humans could bring less fresh water to mars, but rather collecting water independantly (this is also extremely important for plants to make food for us, of course).

ENERGY FROM THE SUN; POWER

4.     Solar power would be one way of get energy at occasional times of the year, occasional because some-time of the year there would be stronger solar rays at different seasons of the year - but it wouldn’t be as good than it would be on earth, because it’s further away from the sun and it would be useless when in the presence of a dust-storm. This would mean that humans cannot fully depend on solar power because it would not sustian for the whole year, but can be used for emergency.

NUCLEAR POWER; POWER

5.     To sustain enough energy to survive mars means that humans need more than solar power for emergency, we need nuclear energy. Currently, NASA is developing on a system that can create energy as well as can be used on many planets and asteriods! It creates massive energy by doing a reaction in the molecular-level in a nuclear reactor. Surrounded by radiation sheild, this machine would be connected to the by a underground cable, delivering sustainable power anytime, in any conditions. The only thing that you could ever worry about is if it does an accident somehow, because the consequences is lethal. But luckily, the chances of that to happen is near-impossible.

BETTER BREATHING THROUGH CHEMISTRY; OXYGEN

6.     Scientists just discovered that they can collect the abundant amount of carbon-dioxide gas in Mar’s atmosphere and compress it, and use electricity to split its molecules into oxygen, including carbon monoxide molecules that will be vented out into the atmosphere to form into something else again. But the oxygen will be filtered and tasted until we can use it to breathe. Doing this means that humans in Mars can also sustain enough oxygen forever and ever. But I also advise that having an emergency tank of oxygen is crucial.

EXTRACTING WATER FROM THE AIR; WATER

7.     Although the air on Mars is more than ninety-five percent carbon-dioxide, it does contians tiny specks of water, humid, in the atmosphere – waiting to be collected. To do this, humans need to use a mineral call zeolite that can extract moisture from the air. Once humid is stuck on a blanket of zeolite, scientist can microwave the blanket of zeolite to vaporize the water, then just condense it, freave it, then store it as ice. So when you need water someone or some machine would warm it to fresh-water.

BONUS: COMMUNICATION

With communication people that is on Mars can tell humans on earth to maybe send extra cargo to them for whatever reason, or what is going on and ext. But to do this humans should use point-to-point communication to avoid unwanted satellites.