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Mary strongly disagreed with Rousseau's saying that women's education should be secondary to men's. She struggled with having a good family, but in the end of her life she ended up with a great husband, kids and a book that many people enjoyed.

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Social Critics of the time in France, were called philosophes.

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Rousseau was passionately committed to individual freedom. he disagreed with many other Enlightenment figures theories. He saw men as independent, solitary and peaceful and that people were better off without government.

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Montesquieu devoted himself to the study of political liberty. His main philosophy was that all small parts created an overall picture.

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Voltaire fought for tolerance, reason, freedom of religious belief, and freedom of speech. He properly separated the two disciplines by explaining that abstract philosophical thought was pointless when it directly contradicted imperial data.

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The Enlightenment was the movement that emphasized reason and individualism. Many great philosophers and theories came out of this era or movement.

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John came up with the "Table Rusa" theory or the theory that everyone begins life as white paper with a clean slate and that experiences make people what they are today.

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The Social Contract is the theory the agreement among members of a society to cooperate for social beliefs. It was written by Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

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Hobbes thought that the state of nature is a war against all and that mankind basic nature is fear, insecurity, death and turmoil. Hobbes called the agreement, in which the people created a government the Social Contract.

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This law states that a particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force. Newton came up with this law.

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Kepler was Tycho Brahe's assistant. Kepler continued Brahe's work after he died. Kepler concluded that certain mathematical laws govern planetary motion.

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Ptolemy expanded Aristotle's theory of the Geocentric Theory in the 2nd century A.D.

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Copernicus came up with the Heliocentric Theory and published it in 1543. He was interested in an old Greek idea that the sun stood at the center of the universe. He didn't publish his book until the last year of his life.

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The Scientific Method is a logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas. Copernicus, Kepler and Galileo all came up with and put parts into creating this method.

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He helped bring together other scholars ideas under a single theory of motion. Newton came up with 3 laws of motion. For Newton, it all began with an apple.

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In 1610, he published about his observations about the universe. When he published his book, he broke Aristotle's theory about the universe. He discovered four of Jupiter's moons by using a telescope and proved that objects can orbit something other than Earth.

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During the 1500s, scholars published works that challenged ideas of ancient thinkers. These scholars launched a change that historians call the Scientific Revolution.

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This theory was that the Earth was the center of the universe. Aristotle thought of this theory in the 4th century B.C. In the 2nd century A.D., Ptolemy expanded on this theory.

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Copernicus came up with this theory that the Sun was the center of the universe. He published this theory in 1543. He wasn't far off from how it really is.