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An interactive 3D simulation of earthquake waves traveling the surface and interior of Earth. Control rotation, wave speed, choose various famous quake presets.

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Propagation of the 3 types of seismic waves, Primary (P), Secondary (S) and Love (L) (The latter are named for the geologist who predicted their existence). The types of ground movements and damage caused on the surface.

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• active volcano: Volcano that is currently erupting or is just about to erupt.
• dormant volcano: Volcano that is not currently erupting but has erupted in the recent past.

• extinct volcano: Volcano that has not erupted in recorded history and is unlikely to erupt again.
• continental rifting: A divergent plate boundary within a continent causes the continent to thin and break

apart.

• fissure: Crack in the ground that may be the site of a volcanic eruption.
• Mantle Melting: When rock in the mantle melts because of a melting temperature change because of a change in environment.
• Subduction: When an oceanic plate sinks underneath a continental plate

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Alaska Science Forum (A great paper about how "hearing" an earthquake before it hits: the speed of sound versus the speed of seismic waves.)

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A tsunami is a series of enormous ocean waves caused by earthquakes, underwater landslides, volcanic eruptions or asteroids. A tsunami can kill or injure people and damage or destroy buildings and infrastructure as waves come in and go out. Tsunamis can:

IF YOU ARE UNDER A TSUNAMI WARNING:

If caused by an earthquake, Drop, Cover, then Hold On to protect yourself from the earthquake first.

Get to high ground as far inland as possible

Be alert to signs of a tsunami, such as a sudden rise or draining of ocean waters.

Listen to emergency information and alerts. Always follow the instructions from local emergency managers.

Evacuate: DO NOT wait! Leave as soon as you see any natural signs of a tsunami or receive an official tsunami warning.

If you are in a boat, go out to sea.

Prepare NOW

Survive DURING

Be Safe AFTER

Related Content

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Learn what to do if you are under a tsunami warning and how to stay safe when a tsunami threatens. Prepare Now Survive During Be Safe After Related Content A tsunami is a series of enormous ocean waves caused by earthquakes, underwater landslides, volcanic eruptions or asteroids.

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• amplitude: Height of a wave; this can be measured from a center line to the top of the crest, or to the bottom

of the trough.

• body wave: Type of seismic wave that travels through the body of a planet; body waves include primary

waves and secondary waves.

• crest: Highest point of a wave.

• Love wave: Surface wave that has a side-to-side motion, much like a slithering snake.

• primary wave (P-wave): Fastest type of body wave, capable of traveling through solids, liquids, and gases.

• Rayleigh wave: Surface wave that has a rolling motion.

• secondary wave (S-wave): Slower moving, transverse body wave that can only travel through solids.

• surface wave: Seismic wave that travels around the ground surface; the two types are Love and Rayleigh

waves.

• trough: Lowest point of a wave.

• wavelength: Horizontal distance between two waves, as measured from crest to crest or trough to trough.