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Water floats when it's frozen, but what happens after it melts?
You know that materials have different densities. For a perfect, amazing example of how to demonstrate these different densities, check out our 9 Layer Density Column. You can see that honey and lamp oil have completely different densities, and so do the liquids and solids in between them. All those materials seem to have a set density, but did you know that you can change the density of some materials? We'll show you a cool way to see a change of density in action with the Light Ice, Heavy Water experiment.

SICK Science® is a registered trademark of Steve Spangler, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Experiment Materials

Baby oil

Vegetable oil (Mystery Liquid)

Ice cubes

Food coloring

Clear, empty container (A drinking glass will work great)

Experiment

How Does It Work

The basis of the Light Ice, Heavy Water experiment relies on density. Density = mass ÷ volume, which essentially equates to how many atoms are within a certain space. It is tough to see, but when you add baby oil to the vegetable oil in the container, the baby oil settles on top of the vegetable oil. This is because baby oil is a less-dense liquid than vegetable oil. That's where water comes in to the picture.

As you likely know, ice cubes are frozen bricks of water. Water reacts unlike almost every other material on earth when it freezes - it becomes less dense. This is a very unique trait of water and some types of rubber, as most other materials become more dense when they cool and freeze. The lower density of the ice makes it less dense than vegetable oil, so the ice sits in the middle of the container right on top of the vegetable oil. As the ice melts, the liquid water (which has a higher density than the ice) drops to the bottom of the container as it is more dense than the vegetable oil.

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Light Ice, Heavy Water - SICK Science | Science Experiments | Steve Spangler Science

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Water floats when it's frozen, but what happens after it melts? You know that materials have different densities. For a perfect, amazing example of how to demonstrate these different densities, check out our 9 Layer Density Column. You can see that honey and lamp oil have completely different densities, and so do the liquids and solids in between them.

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The Spangler Effect - Fire Tornado Season 01 Episode 15

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National Static Electricity Day - The Spangler Effect

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If you looked at the calendar, you might have noticed that it's National Static Electricity Day. Enough said. Check out my other channels...

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Static Flyer Science Experiment by LAB 360

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Αν εμπνέεστε από την ταινία Frozen και επιθυμείτε να μπορείτε να μετατρέψετε το νερό σε πάγο άμεσα ή να χτίσετε γλυπτά πάγου σε δευτερόλεπτα ακριβώς όπως η Elsa, είστε τυχεροί!

Δείτε παρακάτω το βίντεο που σας δείχνει τι πρέπει να κάνετε

Λοιπόν, πώς συμβαίνει αυτό; Σοβαρά, δεν είναι μαγεία, είναι επιστήμη!

Ο καθένας ξέρει ότι το νερό παγώνει στους 0 ° C ή μήπως όχι;
Όταν το νερό παγώνει, χρειάζεται ένα πυρήνα, ώστε οι στερεοί κρύσταλλοι να σχηματιστούν και να γίνουν πάγος. Το νερό είναι συνήθως γεμάτο από σωματίδια και ακαθαρσίες που δεν έχουν κανένα πρόβλημα καταστρέψουν ανοικτά τη διαδικασία της κρυστάλλωσης. Ωστόσο, το απιονισμένο νερό, εξ ορισμού, δεν έχει αυτές τις ακαθαρσίες. Με τίποτα να εμποδίζει τα μόρια του νερού, το απιονισμένο νερό μπορεί να καταψυχθεί μέχρι τους -40 °.

Αν σκοπεύετε να κάνετε το πείραμα στο σπίτι, το νερό δεν χρειάζεται να ψυχθεί τόσο πολύ. Σε μόλις λιγότερο από 3 ώρες, οι φιάλες νερού έχουν ψυχθεί στους -24 ° C. Φυσικά, μεμονωμένες ρυθμίσεις στους καταψύκτες αλλάζουν πιθανόν το χρόνο και τη θερμοκρασία που θα χρειαστεί να υπερψύξει το νερό.

Η ενέργεια που παράγεται από το χτύπημα στα τοιχώματα του μπουκαλιού προκαλεί τα μόρια του νερού να σχηματίσουν έναν κρύσταλλο με μια διαδικασία που ονομάζεται πυρήνωση. Αυτός ο πυρήνας κρυστάλλων πάγου είναι το μόνο που χρειάζεται για να ξεκινήσει μια αλυσιδωτή αντίδραση κρυστάλλωσης σε όλο το μπουκάλι. Η ανακίνηση ή το ζούληγμα στο μπουκάλι έχει το ίδιο αποτέλεσμα, έτσι ώστε πρέπει να είμαστε πολύ προσεκτικοί και να έχουμε σταθερό χέρι κατά την αφαίρεση του νερού από τον καταψύκτη σας.

Οι άλλες αντιδράσεις που εμφανίζονται στο βίντεο να δουλεύουν για τον ίδιο λόγο. Ρίχνουμε το νερό σε ένα μπολ με παγάκια και σχηματίζει έναν υγρό πάγο. Καθώς το υπερπαγωμένο νερό χτυπά τους πυρήνες πάγου στο μπολ, η κρυστάλλωση εξαπλώνεται στο ρεύμα του ύδατος καθώς αυτό χύνεται πάνω στο σωρό. Η λανθάνουσα θερμότητα που απελευθερώνεται κατά τη διαδικασία ψύξης αποτρέπει το σχηματισμό στερεού πάγου. Ρίχνοντας ένα παγάκι κατευθείαν κάτω σε ένα ποτήρι ή απλά αγγίζοντας ένα παγάκι στην επιφάνεια του νερού παρέχει τον πυρήνα που απαιτείται για την παγώσει πλήρως το υπερπαγωμένο νερό.

Το υπερπαγωμένο νερό είναι αρκετά περίεργο πράγμα, αλλά είναι απίστευτα φοβερό.

Το αυθόρμητο πάγωμα του υπερπαγωμένου νερού βοηθά επίσης να εξηγηθούν μερικοί από τους εγγενείς κινδύνους υπερψύξης των οργάνων, προκειμένου να επιμηκυνθεί ο χρόνος για τη μεταμόσχευση οργάνων.

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Απίστευτο Βίντεο -Πως να μετατρέψετε το Νερό σε Πάγο Στιγμιαία! (ΒΙΝΤΕΟ)

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Αν εμπνέεστε από την ταινία Frozen και επιθυμείτε να μπορείτε να μετατρέψετε το νερό σε πάγο άμεσα ή να χτίσετε γλυπτά πάγου σε δευτερόλεπτα ακριβώς όπως η Elsa, είστε τυχεροί! Δείτε παρακάτω το βίντεο που σας δείχνει τι πρέπει να κάνετε Λοιπόν, πώς συμβαίνει αυτό; Σοβαρά, δεν είναι μαγεία, είναι επιστήμη!

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Experiment Library for Kids | Science Experiments | Steve Spangler Science

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For those of you who couldn’t join us on Facebook this week (@spanglerscience), we’ve been working hard to provide fun and amazing at home experiences to those who have been impacted by the current events.

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How do you take copper wire, a battery and magnets and make electric train? With science! This super simple DIY physics demo uses electromagnetic induction to propel a train made of magnets and batteries. Inspiring video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J9b0J29OzAU Ferrofluid and glowsticks: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RtBtD0_KZ9o 7 surface tension experiments: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WsksFbFZeeU Help us translate our videos!

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In some circles, it's considered bad manners to shake a can of soda just before giving it to a thirsty friend. The unexpected w-h-o-o-s-h of soda and foam is a sure way to spoil someone's day. If a "friend" of yours thinks it's cute to hand you a can that's just been shaken, smile, do what you need to do, and then open the can to a gasp of amazement... from the other person. Science know-how can help you in the funniest ways.

SICK Science ® is a registered trademark of Steve Spangler, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

How Does It Work

Since the fizz in soda is actually dissolved carbon dioxide gas (CO ₂), the goal is to keep as much of it in the liquid as possible. Soda fizzes when dissolved CO ₂ is released in the form of bubbles. At the bottling plant, carbon dioxide molecules are forced into the liquid in quantities much greater than would dissolve in normal atmospheric pressure. There's a lot of pressure being applied to do this. In addition, the liquid is very cold. As it warms up in the sealed can, the CO ₂ wants to come out of solution but the can is strong enough to hold it in there. As soon as you open the can, some of the excess gas escapes but the liquid and the remaining gas stay inside.

Shaking an unopened can of soda causes bubbles of CO ₂ to cover the inside walls of the can. They form on imperfections in the metal called nucleation points. When you open a shaken can, the pressure in the liquid drops quickly and the volume of a billion or so CO ₂ bubbles increases instantly (check out Boyle's Law). The quickly expanding bubbles force any liquid above them out of the can as a foaming mess.

Some people think tapping the top of the can before opening it prevents this mess. This actually does very little to the bubbles. The trick is to dislodge them from the side walls and bottom of the can so they can scoot to the top of the liquid (because gas is less dense than a liquid). Once the bubbles are at the top of the can, there will be little or no liquid blocking their escape when you open it. As a result, the soda doesn't spray. Remember, snap the side instead of tapping the top.

Take It Further

Once you've mastered the technique on regular cola in cans, hone your talents on different kinds and containers of soda. You'll find that it's probably easier to set the containers (even the cans) on a hard surface to smack them with a finger. It gives you better control and allows more energy to go into the smack.

Watch out for diet sodas, however! There's no guarantee that even snapping the side of a can of diet soda will prevent getting sprayed when you open a shaken can. Some scientists speculate that diet sodas contain more CO ₂ while others believe there's some unique interaction between the artificial sweetener, the preservatives used, and the carbonated water. At this point, no one fully understands the reason. So, if you choose to open a shaken can of diet soda... well, you're on your own.

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Soda Can Shake-Up - SICK Science | Science Experiments | Steve Spangler Science

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In some circles, it's considered bad manners to shake a can of soda just before giving it to a thirsty friend. The unexpected w-h-o-o-s-h of soda and foam is a sure way to spoil someone's day.

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Who would have ever thought that a plastic bag, some water, and a few pencils would have adults screaming with fear? learn how to poke holes in a plastic bag filled with water without spilling a drop. Well, that's the theory you're going to test . . . and it's wise to practice your liquid trick over the sink. It's a cool way to learn about the chemistry of polymers.

Experiment

How Does It Work

The zipper-lock plastic bag you used was most likely made out of a polymer called low-density polyethylene (LDPE). It's one of the most widely used packaging materials in the world. LDPE is low in cost, lightweight, durable, a barrier to moisture, and very flexible.
Think of the polyethylene molecules as long strands of freshly cooked spaghetti. The tip of the sharpened pencil can easily slip between and push apart the flexible strands of spaghetti, but the strands' flexible property helps to form a temporary seal against the edge of the pencil. When the pencil is removed, the hole in the plastic bag remains because the polyethylene molecules were pushed aside permanently and the water leaks out.
As you might have discovered, it's much easier for the stretched plastic to seal around the smooth sides of a round pencil than the straight edges found on other pencils. Hopefully you discovered this tip during practice and not while the bag was precariously positioned over someone's head.

Take It Further

Try experimenting with plastic bags of different sizes and thicknesses. The thicker the bag, the harder it is to get the pencil to pass through. For a really thin bag, use a plastic bag from the produce section of the grocery store. Experiment with different sizes and shapes of pencils. Some pencils have flat edges while others have perfectly round, smooth edges. Which type of pencil works best?
This next gem is an extension of the "Baby Diaper Secret" activity. Collect the superabsorbent powder from the lining of two or three diapers. After all of the pencils are pushed through the bag, carefully open the bag and sprinkle in the superabsorbent powder. Give the powder a few seconds to solidify the water and remove the pencils.
Use "The Leakproof Bag" as an object lesson for a message on school spirit and leadership.
Let the bag of water represent the student body and use the pencils to demonstrate the excitement of school spirit (spear-it!).
Each pencil represents a different element of school spirit-teamwork, pride, unity, attitude, dedication, and fun.
As the pencils pass through the water, the student body helps to magnify the message of involvement and participation in school activities throughout the year. What happens when the spirit pencils are removed? Is it possible to stop the leaks? How do we keep the enthusiasm alive?
Collect the superabsorbent powder from the "Baby Diaper Secret" in a cup and label it "LEADERSHIP." With just the proper amount of leadership, the student body is forever changed.

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The Leakproof Bag | Science Experiments | Steve Spangler Science

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Who would have ever thought that a plastic bag, some water, and a few pencils would have adults screaming with fear? learn how to poke holes in a plastic bag filled with water without spilling a drop. Well, that's the theory you're going to test . . .

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Amazing Way to Repair Broken Glass - Incredible Science Trick

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Guaranteed to fool your friends! This science trick will make people think you can repair broken glass like magic. Check out my other channels...

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Here's kitchen chemistry that turns a solution of sugar and water into a tasty treat.
Have we got a sweet treat for you! Here is some really awesome kitchen chemistry that turns a solution of sugar and water into a tasty candy. Read on to learn how to make rock candy and how to use sugar crystals to make a treat that is not only super sweet, it's cool to look at, too.
Science is often referred to as the most fun subject in school. (That's because, duh, it is!) Not only is it fun, it can also be delicious. With this rock candy recipe, you'll be jumping "string-first" into some serious chemistry that's cavorting about incognito as, believe it or not, a candy! You'll learn about and apply scientific principles and ideas like solutes, solvents, viscosity, sedimentation, solutions and supersaturated solutions. Huh? That sounds anything BUT tasty. Hang in there and trust us - check it out!

Experiment Materials

Cane sugar (You'll have great results with Imperial Sugar or Dixie Crystals.)

Water

Large glass container (microwave-safe)

Smaller glass jar

Measuring cups

Heavy stirring spoon

Pencil

Food coloring

String (new preferred)

Scissors

Wax paper (or parchment)

Adult supervision

Experiment

An adult must help with this Step! You need to give the water some help with all that sugar so warm up the water. If the container is microwave-safe, put the solution in the oven and heat it for two minutes on high. (You can use a cooktop to heat the solution if you prefer.) Heat the solution to the boiling point.

CAUTION: An adult must handle the hot solution and move it to a stable, heat-safe location. Use the heavy spoon to thoroughly stir the solution again. Make sure all the sugar is stirred but watch out for splatters of hot liquid. Notice how the solution is changing by just using heat.

An adult must help with this Step! Move the stirred solution to the microwave (or cooktop) again and heat it on high for another two minutes. Don't let the solution boil over.

CAUTION: An adult must handle the hot solution and move it to a stable, heat-safe location. Use the spoon to carefully stir the hot solution again. Stir gently because the solution is less viscous (more runny) than before you heated it.

As it cools, the solution becomes more viscous so it might be a trick to push the dried string into it again. You may have to use a slow steady pressure to get it to sink deeply into the solution. You'll need to allow the string to soak in the solution for a week, too. A paper towel over the container will keep dust and goobers away from your candy - uh, your science experiment. Keep track of changes in the solution and the growing crystals in the solution but don't disturb them by moving them. Pictures are a good idea!

When you're ready for the big reveal, lift the pencil and pull the string loaded with crystals out of the jar. Lay them on some wax paper and look closely at what grew on the string. Of course, a taste test will have to be a part of your analysis.

How Does It Work

At first glance, making rock candy may seem like a snooze fest. You've followed the rock candy recipe and have just dipped a piece of string into a solution of sugar and water. It all seems pretty uneventful; in fact, it is a little bit like watching wet paint dry. But wait; look again! How in the world did it turn into a beautiful crystal of candy on a string?

The Science Behind Sugar Crystals
When you mixed the sugar with the water and then heated and stirred the solution repeatedly, you created what is called a "supersaturated solution." This means there are far more dissolved particles of solute (the sugar) than the solvent (the water) can normally dissolve and hold at a given temperature. By stirring the sugar in hot water (instead of room temperature or cold water), the sugar is dissolved faster in the fast-moving (heated) water molecules. As the water cools, the huge amount of sugar particles remains in solution (a supersaturated solution); it now contains more sugar than can stay in the liquid. The sugar falls out of the solution as a "precipitate" (particles). These connect with other sugar particles; in turn, a crystal begins to grow.

Crystallized Sugar and Seed Crystals
When you dried some crystals onto the string ahead of time, you gave the suspended sugar particles a great place to begin crystallizing. These are "seed" crystals. As sugar particles (the precipitate) begin to settle, they join and quickly form more crystals with the other sugar molecules. You see this crystallization on both the bottom and the sides of the jar - as well as on the string. Until you pull it out of the solution and enjoy the candy, these sugar molecules will continue to settle and crystalize both on the string and on top of other sugar molecules, creating rock candy.

Rock Candy Experiment
Did you know that chemistry happens each and every day in kitchens all over the world? Not only does it occur when you learn how to make rock candy, chemical reactions occur each and every time you cook a meal, bake a cake or heat up water for tea. Food science is a fun way to learn more about chemistry. Bonus: You can also often eat the materials! Check out our other food science experiments that use easy-to-find items in your kitchen to create some amazing stuff. Also, check out our science fair project ideas, physics products and chemistry kits and products for all-in-one fun with that WOW factor that Steve Spangler Science is known for!

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Homemade Rock Candy Recipe & Science Experiment

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Here's kitchen chemistry that turns a solution of sugar and water into a tasty treat. Have we got a sweet treat for you! Here is some really awesome kitchen chemistry that turns a solution of sugar and water into a tasty candy.

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The challenge: How many breaths of air will it take you to fill a plastic bag that's 8' (2 m) long and 10" (25 cm) in diameter? Depending on your size, it may be anywhere from 10 to 50 breaths of air, that is, if you have the stamina for it. However, with a little practice and some knowledge of how to use air pressure differences, you'll be able to inflate the same bag with only one breath! When you can do that, there's a whole lot more you can do with the bag, too.

Experiment

How Does It Work

The bag quickly inflates because air from the atmosphere is drawn into the bag along the sides of the stream of air from your lungs. For you science types out there, it goes like this. In 1738, a scientist named Daniel Bernoulli observed that a stream of moving air is surrounded by an area of low atmospheric pressure. In fact, the faster the stream of air moves, the lower the pressure drops around it. When you blow into the bag, you create an area of low pressure inside the bag. Higher pressure air around you in the atmosphere rushes into the bag to equalize things. In other words, air in the atmosphere is drawn into the bag at the same time you're blowing into it as long as the opening of the bag is not on your mouth.

Take It Further

3-D Shapes

You can build three-dimensional geometric shapes and giant balloon animals by joining six or more Windbags together. Use rubber bands to arrange the tubes in various shapes to make giant cubes, triangles, pyramids, or any other shape imaginable. Hook two rubber bands together by laying them on top of each other and then pulling them through each other in opposite directions. Connecting the Windbags is as simple as wrapping the two rubber band loops around inflated Windbags. Six inflated Windbags will make a pyramid. Make a Windbag triangle on the floor and use the rubber band "joints" to connect the three sides. Connect the other three Windbags, one each, at the corners of the flat triangle. Bring the three non-triangle Windbags to a point above the middle of the first triangle and use rubber bands to connect the three together. It's a Windbag pyramid!

Table Lift

Use two deflated Windbags and make sure each has a knot in one end. Flatten the Windbags on a table so they're parallel to each other and the knotted ends hang over opposite edges of the table. Ask for help to position an identical table upside down on top of the first table. The two Windbags should be sandwiched in between the tops of the two tables. Ask a helper to kneel down by one of the open ends and you kneel by the other at the other end of the table. This time, your mouth does go on the Windbag as you blow so the air stays in the bag. Blow slowly together and squeeze the Windbags closed after each breath so none of the air escapes. The force of the expanding air in the Windbags will cause the inverted table to rise slowly! What are the chances you could lift someone as they sit on the inverted table?

The science behind the Table Lift can be explained by Pascal's Law. His experiments with fluids (air is a fluid) led him to conclude that the pressure exerted on a confined fluid (in this case the air in the bags) exerts equal pressure in all directions: up, down, front, back, and sideways. In other words, the compressed air is exerting pressure underneath the inverted table equally throughout the long bag. This same principle is being applied when you pump up a bicycle tire or when an auto mechanic uses a car lift in a garage.

Real World Application

Firefighters use Bernoulli's principle to quickly and efficiently force smoke out of a building. Instead of placing the fans up against the doorway or window, a space is left between the opening and the fan in order to force a greater amount of air into the building. Firefighters call this "Positive Air Flow." In a rescue situation, first responders might also use long, airtight bags and an air compressor to move collapsed walls, huge boulders, and other heavy debris away from victims so they can be saved. The Windbags between the tables showed you how it works. Science rocks!

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The challenge: How many breaths of air will it take you to fill a plastic bag that's 8' (2 m) long and 10" (25 cm) in diameter? Depending on your size, it may be anywhere from 10 to 50 breaths of air, that is, if you have the stamina for it.

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At first glance, you might think that you've seen this science demonstration attempted by a friend. A glass jar is filled with water and covered with an index card. The whole thing is turned upside down and the hand that is supporting the index card is pulled away. The card appears to be stuck to the inverted jar of water. In and of itself, this is a very cool trick, but in this version of the experiment, things get crazy. The inverted jar of water is held over the head of a spectator and the index card is pulled away! The gasps are audible . . . someone screams in anticipation of the water falling from the jar only to drench the poor spectator. To everyone's amazement, the water does not fall. It's suspended in the jar, literally floating above the spectator's head. The card is replaced, the jar is returned to its upright position, and the science magician pours the water back into the pitcher. The only sound you can hear is that of people scratching their heads. Amazing!

Experiment

How Does It Work

This is truly an amazing science magic trick because several scientific principles come into play to make the water appear to be suspended in the jar. Atmospheric pressure (the pressure exerted by the surrounding air) is the force that holds the index card in place. The card stays on the upside-down jar because the pressure of the air molecules pushing up on the card is greater than the weight of the water pushing down.

But how does the water stay in the jar when the card is removed? The answer is surface tension. The surface of a liquid behaves as if it has a thin membrane stretched over it. A force called cohesion, which is the attraction of similar molecules to each other, causes this effect. The water stays in the jar even though the card is removed because the molecules of water are joined together (through cohesion) to form a thin membrane between each tiny opening in the screen.

If you tip the jar at all, air will come into the jar and break the seal, causing the water to pour out. Tip the jar sideways and the water falls out of the jar. If you return the jar to its upright position, the air can no longer get into the jar and the rest of the water will stay inside. Now you have a special insight-be careful not to jiggle the jar or touch the screen because you'll break the surface tension and surprise everyone with a gush of water. Okay, maybe that's actually a good idea.

Take It Further

Experiment with different screens, some with fine mesh and some with coarse mesh, to observe how surface tension and air pressure work together to accomplish this feat. Ultimately, it's best to use plastic screen material since it will not rust or discolor the jar. Test out different kinds of plastic mesh from produce bags, for example, to see how the size of the mesh affects the surface tension of the water.

If you want to be really tricky, prepare one jar with the screen and one without. Ask a volunteer to join you on stage and have the volunteer use the jar without the screen. While your jar mysteriously holds the water, the volunteer's jar loses its contents every time. After the laughter subsides and before your volunteer's confusion turns to frustration, reveal the secret . . . but make sure you have a towel close at hand.

Real-World Application

After a rainstorm, you might have noticed that the screens on your windows at home are saturated with water. It's a simple matter of water molecules holding onto the screen (this is called adhesion) while holding onto each other and stretching across the tiny openings of the screen mesh (cohesion) to form a thin layer of water. Run your fingers across the screen and what happens? You break the surface tension of the water.

If you've ever gone camping and you had a tent with a screen opening at the top, you might have experienced an accidental rain shower inside your tent. During the night, moisture in the air condenses on the screen, filling each mesh opening with water. Jiggling the tent in the morning knocks the water loose, and you're left with a tent full of unhappy campers. Make sure you try it on someone else's tent!

Performance Tip

This is a great piece of science magic designed to fool and amaze your friends. The cool thing about science magic is that unlike magic tricks performed by magicians, you want your friends to try and guess the secret. However, before you reveal the secret, make sure you've allowed enough time for every person to share his or her predictions (in science lingo, those predictions are called hypotheses).

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Mysterious Water Suspension | Science Experiments | Steve Spangler Science

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At first glance, you might think that you've seen this science demonstration attempted by a friend. A glass jar is filled with water and covered with an index card. The whole thing is turned upside down and the hand that is supporting the index card is pulled away.

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Experiments Archived | Science Experiments | Steve Spangler Science

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For more than 25 years Steve Spangler Science has been bringing FUN to science, with these popular items!

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Amazing Science Tricks With Liquid Science Experiments

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Amazing Science Experiments That You Can Do At Home - Travelling Water

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Amazing Science Experiments That You Can Do At Home - Travelling Water | Welcome To HooplakidzLab where science is fun. Today we are here with some of the coolest science experiments you and your little one can try at home with eggs. Click Here to Subscribe to HooplaKidzLab: http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=hooplakidzlab Please leave your comments in the comments section.

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Φωτεινός Παντογνώστη

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Φωτεινός Παντογνώστης

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Carbon dioxide gas can be a fire extinguisher, but you've probably never put out a candle like this, before.
Carbon dioxide (CO ₂) is a gas that humans interact with every day. For instance, you exhale it from your lungs. Drive a vehicle and it's in the engine exhaust. It enables plants to perform photosynthesis to make food. It's heavier than air. It can extinguish certain types of fires. You may have known all that, but here's another: you can get very creative with it when putting out a flame.

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Experiment

How Does It Work

A fire requires oxygen (O ₂), fuel, and heat to burn. These three components are called the fire triangle or the combustion triangle. Remove any one of the three components, and the fire goes out.

Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is a base and vinegar (acetic acid) is a weak acid. When they combine, the immediate reaction creates carbonic acid. However, carbonic acid is very unstable and it quickly decomposes into carbon dioxide (CO ₂) and water (H ₂O). The bubbles you saw the container were full of CO ₂. There was so much of it, in fact, that it pushed all other gasses out of the container and filled it completely. Since CO ₂ is heavier than air, the container was filled with it and nothing else. As you tilt the container, you literally pour the CO ₂ onto the flame. That means air can't get to the flame and it goes out for lack of oxygen.

Take It Further

It's important to handle the container carefully. You can lose all the CO 2 by spilling it and never even know it. Redo the activity but vigorously stir the "empty" part of the container with a spoon before pouring it onto a flame. You probably pushed most of the CO ₂ over the sides of the container when you stirred. The flame stays lit because air replaced the spilled CO ₂ in the container.

CO ₂ is colorless and odorless and sinks to low places in a container because it's heavier than air. A worker needs to be careful when dealing with CO ₂ because it can fill a large space and push out all the oxygen. If the worker has no respirator and enters the space, it can be a life-threatening situation.

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CO2 Fire Extinguisher | Science Experiments | Steve Spangler Science

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Carbon dioxide gas can be a fire extinguisher, but you've probably never put out a candle like this, before. Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is a gas that humans interact with every day. For instance, you exhale it from your lungs. Drive a vehicle and it's in the engine exhaust.

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οι λύσεις των 3 πειραμάτων φυσικής

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πειραματα φυσικης

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Οι λύσεις των 3 πειραμάτων φυσικής

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Στο video περιγράφω την απάντηση στα 3 πειράματα φυσικής που σου είχα δείξει σε προηγούμενο video...δες το: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fOLJyUmLvys

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Make a message appear or vanish using a special heat and friction activated ink.
Give someone special a note that requires heat to decode the message. You won't believe what the ink in this pen will do. Your message can appear or vanish on command... and most people don't even know that the ink works this way.

SICK Science® is a registered trademark of Steve Spangler, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Experiment Materials

Friction pen (like Pilot's friXion pens)

Regular ink pen

Lighter

Paper

Experiment

Using the regular ink pen, write the message that you want your recipient to read on the paper.

Now, cover the secret message up with the friction pen. Turn the letters into shapes or designs, scribble all over the words, or anything else that makes your secret message unreadable.

When your secret message is ready, there are a number of different methods you can use to heat the paper in order to reveal the message:

Using a lighter is the quickest and easiest way, but always have an adult present when you use a lighter.

You can hold the message over the top of a toaster.

You can use a pencil eraser. Just erase over the entire message.

Stick your secret message paper in the freezer. Once the local temperature on the ink drops below 14°F, the ink will once again turn black. Reappearing art!

How Does It Work

The friction pen uses ink that is sensitive to heat. At temperatures that range between 15°F and 140°F, the ink will appear black when writing on paper. But when local temperature exceeds 140°F, like when held near a heat source or when friction is concentrated on a certain spot, the ink becomes clear.

This specially formulated ink is called thermochromic ink and can actually be formulated into different colors and to change color at different temperatures. Believe it or not, this probably isn't the first time you've seen or used thermochromic ink. This special ink has been used in mood rings and heat sensitive labels.

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Secret Message - FriXion Pen | Science Experiments | Steve Spangler Science

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Make a message appear or vanish using a special heat and friction activated ink. Give someone special a note that requires heat to decode the message. You won't believe what the ink in this pen will do. Your message can appear or vanish on command...

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color changing carnations

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With this experiment, you can discover for yourself how essential the functions of stems are to plant growth. As the colored water is absorbed, you will be able to see how it moves into the flower and will be amazed when the petals of a white carnation change color.

SICK Science ® is a registered trademark of Steve Spangler, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Experiment

Part A

Before placing any of the flowers in water, have an adult trim about 4" (10 cm) off of each stem. Use a knife and cut at an angle. Keep all the flower stems in plain water for now. (Many gardeners and florists even cut stems under water so no air bubbles can get in to break the tube of water and cause wilting. It's important that the stem tubes always be filled with water. If air gets into the tube, water may not be able to move up the stem to the flower.)

Part B

Have an adult use a sharp knife to slit the stems of three of the flowers straight down the middle. Keep them in the plain water for now.

Fill five of the cups with different colors of water. Fill the other two with uncolored water.

Part A

This step is often called "Split Ends." Place each half of a stem into a cup of different colored water. For example, position the red and blue cups next to each other and put a stem half into each color. Use a color with one of the cups of uncolored water, too. Make a few predictions: Which color will be soaked up? Will the colors mix to make a new color in the petals or will the color in the flower be divided in half?

Part B

Place the last white carnation into the remaining cup of uncolored water. This one is your control flower. Let all the flowers sit and soak for several days. As you wait to see the results, make some more predictions: How will the carnation in the plain water compare to the carnations in the colored water? Which color will be soaked up first? How long will it take? Which color will create the darkest shade in a flower? Which color will create the lightest shade in a flower? Which color might not be absorbed?

How Does It Work

Most plants "drink" water from the ground through their roots. The water travels up the stem of the plant into the leaves and flowers where it makes food and helps keep the plant rigid. When a flower is cut off the plant, it no longer has its roots but the stem of the flower still "drinks" up the water and provides it to the leaves and flowers. How does this happen?

There are two things that combine to move water through plants - transpiration and cohesion. Water evaporating from the leaves, buds, and petals (transpiration) pulls water up the stem of the plant. This works sort of like you sucking on a straw. Water that evaporates from the leaves "pulls up" other water molecules behind it to fill the space it left. Instead of a mouth providing the suction, it is due to the evaporating water. This can happen because water sticks to itself (cohesion) and because the tubes in the plant stem are very tiny. This water movement process through tiny tubes is called capillary action. Coloring the water with food coloring does not harm the plant but it allows you to see the movement of water into the flower. Splitting the stem simply proves that the tiny tubes in the stem run all the way through the stem from the water to the petals of the flowers. Our unofficial tests indicated that the blue food color went up the carnations the fastest, followed by the red and then the green food colors.

Science Fair Connection

Color Changing Carnations is a good science fair project because you start with a control or something that doesn't change in the experiment. In this case, the control is the carnation in the plain water. You then test a variable or change one thing in the experiment. Here you change the color of the liquid and then make comparisons between the control flower and the flower that has been exposed to the variable. You think of another idea to test, like splitting the stem in half and testing one or two colors at once, and you make some more comparisons. So, if you wanted to make Color Changing Carnations your own science fair project, what other questions could you ask? These suggestions may give you some ideas.

What would happen if you changed the way you colored the liquid? Test a colored drink like a red fruit punch, a powdered drink you mix, or a colored energy-boost drink instead of using food coloring. How might the way in which you color the water make a difference?

What would happen if you put the carnation stem into soda instead of water? What if you used a clear soda for one side of the flower and a dark soda for the other side? How might that appear in the flower?

If you take the carnation out of the cups, how do both sides of the flower dry up? What happens to the colored side? Does the color disappear as it dries up? What happens to the color as the flower dries?

What if you put one carnation in regular water and one carnation in water mixed with fertilizer?

What if you put one side of the flower in water and one side in salt water? What will the flower look like?

There are all kinds of questions about carnations that you could explore for a science fair project. Just remember to change and test only one variable at a time. Compare the effect of that variable to the control flower, document your discoveries, and come to some conclusions about plants and how they absorb liquids. Prepare your presentation and get ready to share your research with everyone who attends the science fair.

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Color Changing Carnation Flowers | Experiments | Steve Spangler Science

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With this experiment, you can discover for yourself how essential the functions of stems are to plant growth. As the colored water is absorbed, you will be able to see how it moves into the flower and will be amazed when the petals of a white carnation change color.

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Strawberry DNA - Food Science | Experiments | Steve Spangler Science

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You've probably learned or heard about DNA, but have you ever seen it? With the Strawberry DNA experiment, you'll extract, isolate, and observe the DNA of a strawberry in a matter of minutes. It sounds impossible, but thanks to special characteristics of strawberries, it's actually very possible... and simple.