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Tone is the attitude portrayed the character or author towards a certain point of view.

EG: Angry attitude: Why would you do that?!

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Definition: Foreshadowing is a literary technique which involves an author hinting towards what is to come in the story. Foreshadowing is usually used to create suspense.

Example: Shakespeare uses a significant amount of foreshadowing in his plays, the following quote indicates Romeo would rather die than live without Juliet “Life were better ended by their hate, Than death prorogued, wanting of thy love”

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The use of symbolic images to represent ideas, qualities, emotions, and states of mind.

eg. Hearts=love; eagle=freedom; dove=peace; red=love; green=envy

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A way of writing that creates a meaning by using text that signifies the opposite. Usually for a comedic effect.

Example: A police officer committing a crime

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Parallelism, also known as parallel structure or parallel construction, is a balance within one or more sentences of similar phrases or clauses that have the same grammatical structure. Parallelism improves writing style and readability, and is thought to make sentences easier to process.

Examples of parallelism within sentences:

You need to work quickly and decisively.

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It is a character who contrasts with another character, usually the protagonist, to highlight particular qualities of other characters.

Example- in Romeo and Juliet, Paris considered a foil  to Romeo. Paris is very proper and follows the rules of the society whereas Romeo ignores the standard of the society by approaching Juliet directly and being in a relationship with her

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the leading character or one of the major characters in a play, film, novel, etc.

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Climax:

The most exciting/important part of the story. The culmination of the story.

EG:  When Scooby finds out who the villain is.

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the leading character or one of the major characters in a play, film, novel, etc.
e.g. Batman

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the subject of a talk, piece of writing, exhibition, etc.; a topic.
Example
The theme of the story is: mystery

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Definition

A simile is a figure of speech which involves a comparison of one thing to something different. A simile is used in the mood to make a description more vivid or empathetic.

e.g. Hungry as a horse

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Definition: Someone that narrates something, especially events that happen to a character (someone else or themselves).
Example: Death narrating the main character in The Book Thief.

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Giving human characteristics or traits to an animal, god, or object. The thing also receives human concepts such as love, war, beauty, or power.

Example:

In Beauty and the Beast, all of the pots and furniture portray human beings and have human traits.

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Definition:
The place or period in which the action of a novel, play, film, etc., takes place.
Example:
The setting of this story is Verona in the 15th century.

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Can be seen as an image, sound, action or other figures that have a symbolic significance and contributes toward the development of a theme.
Example:
Oh, beware, my lord, of jealousy!
It is the green-eyed monster which doth mock. The meat it feeds on.

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A proverb is a short common said phrase.
A Adage is a common synonym for proverb.

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Definition:

A stereotype that is overused and shows a lack of original thought

Example:

A woman's place is in the home

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A group of words that have a specific meaning that is different from the meanings of each word on its own.

Example:

have bitten off more than you can chew

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A figure of speech where terms with opposite meanings are used in conjunction.

Example: I am busy doing nothing.

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An antagonist is a character, group of characters, institution or concept that stands in or represents opposition against which the protagonists must contend.
e.g. Darth Plagueis The Wise

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A description and explanation of an idea or a theory.
Example
A systematic exposition of the idea of biodiversity

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Definition: When there is tension between one or more groups that have a disagreement in some form or manner.
Example: The conflict between the pirates and the police officers in Pirates Of Penzance.

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A form of irony in which something is intentionally represented as less than it is.
Example: Jimmy was a pretty good ball player.

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A description of the distinctive nature or features of someone or something
e.g. a person having anger issues

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Definition:
The action of repeating something that has already been said or written.
Example:
Because I do not hope to turn again
Because I do not hope
Because I do not hope to turn…

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A story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.
The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe by C.S. Lewis is a religious allegory with Aslan as Christ and Edmund as Judas.

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Referring or hinting to a place, person, or event that may not have occurred in the text.

Example: I was surprised his nose was not growing like Pinocchio’s. (Assuming the reader knows who Pinocchio is)

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The repetition of sounds or letters at the start of adjacent words.

Example: The slippery snake slithers down the slide.

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Definition: A play on words, that often involves playing on the double meaning of a word or playing on words that sound similar.
Example:The wedding was so emotional that even the cake was in tiers.

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A mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.

EG: Passed away instead of died

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Definition:
The choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.
Example:
Hey, what's up, man? Lookin' cool in those shades you're wearin'!

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Exaggerated statements and exclamations not meant to be taken seriously.

EG: His ego is the size of the sun.

Sarcasm.

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Definition: Giving personal or human characteristics to a non-human.
Example:  he leaves were dancing as the wind blew swiftly over them.

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Definition: A word that sounds like the sound that it is representing
Example: Thump, Moo, Bang

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Definition: Visually describes the situation
Example: On a starry night in Portugal

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Definition:

The repetitive nature of using vowels to sound a rhythm in a sentence.

Example:
Go and mow the lawn.

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Definition:  a use of words that is used to be less confronting or rude then its counterpart
Example: "correctional facility" instead of jail

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Definition:

A word is applied to an object or action that doesn’t usually apply

Example:

She drowned in an ocean of grief.

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Definition: A comparison between one thing and another, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification.
Example: "an analogy between the workings of nature and those of human societies"

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The point of view of a story is the perspective from which a story is told. Writers may choose to tell their story in on of three perspectives: First person: using "I" or "we," Third person: "he," "she," or "it," which can be limited or omniscient, Second person: "you," the least common point of view.